Biomedical subjects

E Fuhrmann

Publications and source records attributed to E Fuhrmann.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2002

Character impact odorants of the apple cultivars Elstar and Cox Orange.

Extracts obtained from Elstar and Cox-Orange apples (Malus var. domestica Borkh.) were screened for potent odorants by aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA). (E)-beta-Damascenone (I), (E)-beta-damascone (II), hexanal (III), (Z)-3-hexenal (IV), (Z)-2-nonenal (V), linalool (VI), butyl acetate (VII), 2-methylbutyl acetate (VIII) and hexyl acetate (IX) were identified in Elstar and I, III-V, ethyl butanoate (X), ethyl 2-methylbutanoate (XI), 1-octen-3-one (XII), (E)-2-octenal (XIII), methional (XIV), (E)-2-nonenal (XV), eugenol (XVI) and wine lactone (XVII) in Cox Orange. The release of odorants by the cultivars was analysed by gas chromatography-olfactometry of headspace samples. Esters X and XI showed the highest odour activities in the air above Elstar apples and ester X, acetaldehyde (XVIII), 2-methylbutanol (XIX) and ethyl methylpropanoate (XX) in that of Cox Orange. Preparation of a homogenate changed the headspace composition of potent odorants. Hexyl acetate (IX) became the key odorant of Elstar and aldehydes III and IV those of Cox Orange. Quantification and calculation of odour activity values indicated I, IV, V, VII, VIII and IX as the character impact odorants of the fruit flesh of the two cultivars. Elstar contained more I, V, VII and IX and Cox Orange more IV than the other cultivar. The concentrations of VIII were similar.

Chromatography, Gas↗

PubMed1999

Heat shock protein HSP 27 is expressed in all types of basal cell carcinoma in low and high risk UV exposure groups.

HSP 27, a marker of differentiation and proliferation, helps the cell in repair processes after environmental stress such as heat, UV-irradiation and oxidative stress. So far, its role on carcinogenesis is not yet understood. HSP 27 was studied immunohistochemically in different types of primary, untreated basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in two populations with different UV exposure habits: descendents from Germany, "Pommern", living in Brazil (Pommeranos, n = 15), rural workers with high UV exposure and Germans from the region Baden-Württemberg with indoor jobs (n = 14). Age distribution and type of BCC were similar between the Pommeranos and the Germans. Specimens of BCC (n = 15 solid, n = 6 keratotic, n = 4 adenoid, n = 4 fibrotic) were evaluated in cryostat and paraffin sections for HSP 27, HSP 72 and bcl-2. In Pommeranos in Brazil (UV high risk group) versus (vs) inhabitants from Baden-Württemberg (UV low risk group), HSP 27 was expressed in 93% vs 79% in all histological subclasses, HSP 72 in 20% vs 21% and bcl-2 in 93 % in both groups. Antibodies against HSP 27, but not HSP 72, labeled BCC of all types. In contrast to the lack of HSP 27 in squamous cell carcinoma reported in the literature, we found HSP 27 and bcl-2 positive cells in BCC which might characterize the tumour as relatively benign and slow progressing.

Aged↗

PubMed1998

Expression of heat shock protein 27 in chromomycosis.

We report on a 58-year-old woman with long-lasting (36 years) chromomycosis on the foot and secondary self-inoculation from foot to hand 4 years ago. Mycological classification was performed after culture on Sabouraud glucose agar. We used haematoxylin and eosin and Giemsa staining and an antibody to heat shock protein (HSP) 27 (Stress Gen, Clone G3.1) on paraffin-embedded and cryostat specimens of chromomycosis. The mycological culture revealed the fungus Fonsecaea pedosoi. Histopathology revealed dermal fibrosis with persistent fungi (Medlar bodies), numerous mast cells and pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia. Immunohistochemically, HSP 27 was positively identified in F. pedrosoi. Moreover, in differentiating keratinocytes in the pseudoepitheliomatous lesions of chromomycosis, HSP 27 was increasingly expressed from basal layers to stratum spinosum in the epidermis but not in keratinocytes directly bordering Medlar bodies. In chromomycosis, HSP 27 is expressed, in accordance with its role as a marker of differentiation and proliferation, in keratinocytes and also in F. pedrosoi. It remains unknown if these results might explain the therapeutic efficacy of hyperthermic treatment.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

The gene for autosomal dominant craniometaphyseal dysplasia maps to chromosome 5p and is distinct from the growth hormone-receptor gene.

Craniometaphyseal dysplasia (CMD) is an osteochondrodysplasia of unknown etiology characterized by hyperostosis and sclerosis of the craniofacial bones associated with abnormal modeling of the metaphyses. Sclerosis of the skull may lead to asymmetry of the mandible, as well as to cranial nerve compression, that finally may result in hearing loss and facial palsy. We have analyzed a large German kindred with autosomal dominant (AD) CMD and found tight linkage between the disorder and microsatellite markers on chromosome 5p (maximum two-point LOD score 4.82; theta = 0). Our results clearly establish the existence of a locus for AD CMD on central chromosome 5p (5p15.2-p14.1). This region overlaps with the mapping interval of the growth hormone-receptor (GHR) gene (5p14-p12), which is known to be involved in the mitogenic activation of osteoblasts. Therefore, we tested the GHR gene as a candidate gene. However, recombination events between the CMD locus and the GHR gene identified in two members of this family clearly exclude this candidate.

Chromosome Mapping↗

PubMed1993

[Clinico-genetic diagnosis of ataxia telangiectatica (Louis-Bar syndrome)].

We describe the possible difficulties in getting the diagnosis "ataxia telangiectasia" using the example of a 16 years old girl. If cases of cerebellar ataxia in childhood present without classical symptoms, the diagnosis of ataxia telangiectasia should not be excluded before chromosome analysis. In our case, first signs of cerebellar ataxia were observed from the age of 11 years and we found only mild, atypical located and late onset telangiectasis. Other signs of the syndrome, such as elevated alpha-fetoproteine and deficiency of IgA or IgE could not be detected. Chromosome analysis, however, demonstrated a breakage syndrome with chromosome 14 to 7 translocation and established a firm diagnosis of ataxia telangiectasia. Patients with chromosome breakage syndromes including the Louis-Bar-syndrome have an increased risk for malignomas. Therefore chromosome analysis should be undertaken in cases of children with cerebellar ataxia, and frequent radiological examination avoided.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Coamplification of simple repetitive DNA fingerprint fragments and the EGFR gene in human gliomas.

DNA fingerprints were generated by the oligonucleotide probe (GTG)5 from surgically removed tissue and/or primary cell culture of 36 intracranial tumors (31 gliomas, 1 medulloblastoma, 4 metastatic carcinomas) and compared with the constitutional banding pattern obtained from the peripheral blood leukocytes of each patient. A multitude of somatic changes was detected and found to reflect the chromosome alterations identified by parallel karyotype analysis. Gain and/or loss of bands or significant band intensity shifts could be demonstrated in the fingerprints of more than 80% of the tumors investigated. This included a highly amplified fingerprint fragment in five independent gliomas (four of them had double minutes, dmin) which appeared not individual- but tumor-specific (2.4 kilobases, kb, after HaeIII digestion). Rehybridization with the oligonucleotide probes (GT)8 and (GATA)4, respectively, revealed additional amplified fingerprint fragments in the tumor DNA of these patients. While a (ca/gt)n fragment (2.6 kb. HaeIII) was also found to be amplified in all five cases, one band detected with (GATA)4 (1.4 kb, HaeIII) represented a unique feature for one of these tumors only. Amplification of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene via Southern blot hybridization was revealed only in those tumors showing the amplified DNA fingerprint fragments as well. Thus in many gliomas the amplification unit harbors two simple repetitive DNA fingerprint loci, (cac/gtg)n and (ca/gt)n, in addition to the EGFR gene.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Stain analysis using oligonucleotide probes specific for simple repetitive DNA sequences.

The use of oligonucleotide fingerprinting is evaluated in practical forensic work, using both artificially and systematically produced stains as well as actual case work material. The probes (CAC5/(GTG)5 are superior because of their individualizing potential in comparatively fresh specimens with little DNA degradation, whereas (GACA)4, still produces substantial information when high molecular weight DNA is lacking. The overall limitations and the advantages of this technology are discussed in detail and compared to the classical minisatellite probes.

Blood Stains↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Monitoring genomic alterations with a panel of oligonucleotide probes specific for various simple repeat motifs.

Germline and somatic instability of the human genome was studied, using synthetic oligonucleotides specific for simple repeat motifs. The following probes were used: (GTG)5, (GACA)4, (GATA)4, (CT)8, (TTAGGG)3, (GT)8, (GAA)6 and (GGAT)4. Each of them is unique with respect to the target regions recognized in the genome. Thus compilation of the various fingerprint data provides a complex map of the genome (and its deviations). While the fingerprints of differentiated somatic tissues never showed any alterations, in tumor tissues (namely gliomas) many changes could be detected. Most of the latter reflect secondary karyological aberrations. In nearly one third of the gliomas, drastically amplified and apparently monomorphic DNA fragments were identified. This marker should make it possible to deal with causal pathogenetic mechanisms as well as novel diagnostic strategies.

Base Sequence↗