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E G Buss

Publications and source records attributed to E G Buss.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Ev 2, a genetic locus containing structural genes for endogenous virus, codes for Rous-associated virus type 0 produced by line 72 chickens.

ev 2 is one of seven recently described genetic loci of chickens which contain structural genes for endogenous virus. ev 2 is present exclusively in line 72 chickens, an inbred strain of white Leghorns which is homozygous for the capacity to produce Rous-associated virus type 0 (RAV-0), a subgroup E virus. This phenotype is known as V+ and has been assigned a genetic allele designated V-E7. The segregation of ev 2 was followed in a genetic cross in which the V-E7+ phenotype was also segregating. The progeny of the cross were analyzed for endogenous viral loci by cleavage of embryo DNA with restriction endonuclease SstI, electrophoretic separation of the resulting fragments, and identification of bands containing viral sequences by hybridization of the DNA to radiolabeled viral RNA. Four endogenous viral loci, ev 1, ev 2, ev 4, and ev 5, were identified in the progeny of the cross. One of the progeny contained no detectable endogenous viral sequences. ev 1, ev 4, and ev 5 were present in progeny of both the V-E7+ and V-E7- phenotypes. ev 2 was present exclusively in progeny of the V-E7+ phenotype, and all V-E7+ progeny contained ev 2. In addition, one of the V-E7+ progeny contained only ev 2. FRom these data, we conclude that ev 2 codes for RAV-0 virus produced by the cells of line 72 chickens.

Alleles↗
PubMed1980

Calcium-binding proteins in serum of chickens: vitellogenin and albumin.

The Ca-binding proteins of hen serum were resolved by gel filtration in 45Ca buffer and were named CaBP(1) and CaBP(2). The major calcium-binding protein, CaBP(1), had a molecular size of 6.0 X 10(5) daltons and appears to be vitellogenin. Deeley et al. (1975) described vitellogenin as the precursor of lipovitellin and phosvitin, the Ca-binding proteins of egg yolk. The present paper demonstrates that "native" vitellogenin is a calcium-binding protein in the serum of laying chickens. The CaBP(2) co-eluted with and was immunologically identical to chicken serum albumin which also bound 45Ca. Data from elution profiles and phosphorus assays indicated that CaBP(1) and CaBP(2) were different from phosvitin and the Ca-binding proteins of the duodenum and uterus.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Calcium-binding proteins in serum: quantitative differences between thick and thin shell lines of chickens.

Calcium binding by two proteins, vitellogenin and albumin, was measured in serum of a line of hens producing thick (THK) and a line of hens producing thin shells (THN) as well as a line of commercial hens using gel filtration in 45calcium buffer. Vitellogenin was quantitated in serum of THK and THN using a radial immunodiffusion test. Levels of serum calcium were measured and related to the above mentioned parameters. The binding of vitellogenin was significantly greater in 13 THK than 13 THN (672 vs. 508 cpm/ml X 10(-3), but binding by albumin was not significantly different between the two lines (386 vs. 344 cpm/ml X 10(-3). Binding in 11 commercial hens was similar to that for THN. The THK had significantly greater levels of diffusible, non-diffusible, and total serum calcium than THN. Significant positive correlations between total serum calcium and vitellogenin binding were found in THK (.77) and THN (.81) as well as in the commercial hens (.64). Like vitellogenin binding, levels of vitellogenin were significantly greater in THK than THN (4.0 vs. 1.8 mg/ml). These results suggest that in addition to having more diffusible and non-diffusible serum calcium, THK have more calcium binding and more vitellogenin to perform the binding function than THN.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Urinary excretion of calcium in the presence or absence of shell formation by chickens producing thick or thin shells.

The pattern of urinary calcium excretion before and during shell formation was observed for White Leghorn chickens producing thick or thin shelled eggs. Urine samples were collected at 2.5, 7.5, 12.5, and 20 hr after oviposition. Urine was collected in a tube inserted to cover both ureters within the cloaca and calcium levels were determined by atomic absorption. Urinary calcium was found to decrease similarly in both shell lines from 44 mg % to 5 to 6 mg % during shell formation. When no shell was being produced, hens of both shell lines excreted calcium in the urine at 34 to 53 mg % levels throughout the 20-hr period.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Effect of estradiol on calcium and calcium binding in serum of thick and then-shell lines of chickens.

Estradiol (10 mg/bird) was injected intramuscularly into hens of a thick-shell line and a thin-shell line as well as into roosters of both lines on day 0. Serum levels of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and Ca binding involving the proteins vitellogenin (a phosphoprotein) and albumin were measured on day 0 and day 6 or 7. Serum levels of all measured Ca and P parameters and vitellogenin binding of both sexes were significantly greater, while levels of albumin binding were significantly less on day 6 or 7 than on day 0. Serum levels of non-diffusible Ca in hens and vitellogenin binding in both sexes were significantly greater in the thick-shell than in the thin-shell line. There were no significant differences between lines for total serum P of either sex. A study of the hens only revealed that the change in nondiffusible Ca and vitellogenin binding from day 0 to day 6 or 7 was significantly different between lines. The correlations between vitellogenin binding and total P, expressed as either change or percent change, were greater than .8.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Endogenous viral genes are non-essential in the chicken.

DNA sequences homologous to the genomes of type C retroviruses are widespread among vertebrates. Ten genetic loci containing endogenous viral DNA sequences have been documented in the white Leghorn chicken alone. Six of these genetic loci are associated with the production of virus or of viral proteins in embryonic fibroblasts (refs 2--4, and S.M.A., L, B. Crittenden and E.G.B., in preparation) and one of the loci may be expressed in the erythroblasts of 5-day-old embryos. The abiquitous presence of endogenous viral genes among vertebrate species and the association of their expression with development of the haematopoietic system in the mouse have led to the proposal that these genes are involved in ontogeny. In addition, the genes may be implicated in oncogenesis as in the case of the AKR mouse in which a high incidence of spontaneous leukaemia is associated with the expression of endogenous murine laukaemia virus genomes. We report here the production of a fertile rooster which lacks avian leukosis virus-related endogenous viral genes and which seems to be completely normal and healthy. Thus, endogenous viral genes are apparently not essential for the normal development of the chicken. An endogenous virus-free state has also been reported for three species of jungle fowl and for the B-type viral genes of the mouse.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The effect of inherited chondrodystrophy on the hexosamine content of cartilage from turkey embryos.

The effect of inherited chondrodystrophy on the composition of embryonic turkey cartilage was studied. Cartilage from embryos homozygous for the mutant gene contained less than one-half the normal amount of galactosamine containing mucopolysaccharides. Histological examination also showed that there was a substantial decrease in extracellular matrix content of the chondrodystrophic cartilage.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Avian riboflavinuria IX. Qualitative action of a mutant gene in chicken on riboflavin-binding protein synthesis.

Laying chickens normally produce a riboflavin-binding protein (RBP) essential for the transfer of vitamin B2 to the egg. A mutant line of chickens (rdrd) is incapable of synthesizing functional RBP. The rdrd laying hens contain a component in the liver and the magnum of the oviduct which cross-reacts with rabbit antiserum specific for RBP. No crossreacting material (CRM) was observed in eggs or blood of rdrd hens. CRM is absent in extracts of livers of rdrd males, but it can be induced in roosters of this genotype by estradiol. CRM appears to be less immunogenic on a weight basis than RBP, and it carries less net negative charge. No measurable riboflavin-binding capacity was found for newly isolated or degraded CRM.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Influence of arginine vasotocin on a genetically determined excessive appetite for water in chickens.

Females from two inbred strains of chickens, one normal and one having hereditary diabetes insipidus, were treated with five levels (2.5, 1.0, 0.5, 0.25, and 0.1 units) of Schwartz-Mann (Grade A, 100 units/mg.) arginine vasotocin via ic. injections at 2-hr. intervals. Paired sibs, one normal and one having diabetes insipidus (di), from an F2 population were used in one experiment to compare responses at the level of 2.5 units. Only di females were used for the remaining four levels of treatment. Water intake was determined every two hours and calculated as a percentage of water (ml.)/body wt. Results show that hereditary diabetes insipidus in chickens is arginine vasotocin-sensitive at the 0.5 unit and higher levels. The genetic defect appears to affect the quantity of antidiuretic hormone produced.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Avian riboflavinuria. 10. Quantitative changes of riboflavin-binding protein in individual egg tissues during incubation.

The riboflavin binding protein (RBP) content of individual egg components were followed through the development of fertilized eggs. Total proteins of the tissues were analyzed. The disappearance of RBP from the yolk and albumen occurred at the same rate as the total proteins. There was no evidence of any increase of free riboflavin nor degraded RBP in the yolk and albumen. Hence, it appears that the riboflavin was taken in by the embryo as the riboflavin-protein complex. The individual embryos showed some RBP accumulation through the first fourteen days of development. This may be an indication that the embryo is taking in the riboflavin-protein complex faster than riboflavin is utilized during the early stages of incubation. However, the beginning of a more rapid rate of growth at 13-14 days, was associated with the start of a gradual decline in the level of RBP in the embryo. This may suggest that the need for riboflavin exceeds the rate of transfer from the yolk and albumen reservoirs. RBP-riboflavin complex appears to be degraded after transfer to the embryo.

Allantois↗
PubMed1972

Segregation of two alleles for color of down in parthenogenetic and normal turkey embryos and poults.

Data were collected on the down color of 1,386 parthenogenetic embryos and poults from eggs of 306 young virgin and older nonmated bronze turkey hens. Each hen involved was heterozygous (Cc) for alleles which affect feather pigmentation. Six hundred and sixty nine white and 717 colored parthenogenetic embryos and poults were observed, a 1:1 ratio. Subsequently, 89 of these 306 heterozygous bronze hens were inseminated with semen from BSW (cc) males and down color of embryos and poults from fertilized eggs recorded. the 89 females produced a total of 233 white and 239 colored normal embryos and poults. The 1:1 ratio for down color among both parthenogenetic and normal embryos and poults shows that, in both instances, the two alleles at a locus on an autosome segregated equally. Four possible cytological routes which would lead to diploidy were discussed.

Alleles↗