Biomedical subjects

E G Grünbaum

Publications and source records attributed to E G Grünbaum.

17 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2002

Radioiodine treatment of feline hyperthyroidism in Germany.

AIM: Establishment of radioiodine treatment of feline hyperthyroidism in veterinary routine in accordance with German radiation protection regulations. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 35 cats with proven hyperthyroidism were treated with 131I in a special ward. Thyroid uptake and effective halflife were determined using gammacamera dosimetry. Patients were released when measured whole body activity was below the limit defined in the German "Strahlenschutzverordnung". RESULTS: 17/20 cats treated with 150 MBq radioiodine and 15/15 cats treated with 250 MBq had normal thyroid function after therapy, normal values for FT3 and FT4 were reached after two and normal TSH levels after three weeks. In 14 cats normal thyroid function was confirmed by controls 3-6 months later. Thyroidal iodine uptake was 24 +/- 10%, effective halflife 2.5 +/- 0.7 days. Whole body activity < 1 MBq was reached 13 +/- 4 days after application of 131I. Radiation exposure of cat owners was estimated as 1.97 microSv/MBq for adults. CONCLUSION: Radioiodine therapy of feline hyperthyroidism is highly effective and safe. It can easily be performed in accordance with German radiation protection regulations, although this requires hospitalisation for approximately two weeks. Practical considerations on radiation exposure of cat owners do not justify this long interval. Regulations for the veterinary use of radioactive substances similar to existing regulations for medical use in humans are highly desirable.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Endogenous ouabain and its binding globulin: effects of physical exercise and study on the globulin's tissue distribution.

Ouabain, that has been isolated from bovine adrenals and hypothalamus, is a new cardiotonic steroid hormone, which is either synthesized in the adrenals or stored there after it has absorbed from the diet. Little is known in vivo which events may lead to the release of ouabain into blood. Moreover, a binding protein for cardiotonic steroids exists in blood, which binds cardiac glycosides with high affinity. It may affect the action of endogenous ouabain on heart and circulation, but the physiological function of this protein is unclear. To realize, which physiological stimuli in vivo may affect blood concentrations of endogenous ouabain and which function the cardiotonic binding protein may have in modulating ouabain effects, the effect of physical exercise on endogenous ouabain was studied and the tissue distribution of its binding protein was investigated. We found that endogenous ouabain changes rapidly in blood upon physical exercise and behaves like expected for a hormone of circulation. The cardiotonic steroid binding globulin shows the highest concentration in the kidney, which suggests that sodium pumps of the kidney are protected against its inhibition by ouabain which would lead not only to natriuresis but also to a deleterious loss of glucose, amino acids and phosphate.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

[Bile acid stimulation test with ceruletide].

The bile acid stimulation test is a sensitive and liver specific test to check liver function. In contrast to the postprandial estimation of serum bile acids which has been used up to now, it offers the advantage of a better standardization. Furthermore there are hardly any side effects. The test requires three blood samples at 0, 20, and 40 minutes after an i.m. injection of 0.3 micrograms/kg KM Ceruletid (Takus). The normal values in the fasting state are under 5.0 mumol/l, 20 and 40 minutes after stimulation under 15.0 mumol/l serum bile acids.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

[Blood group typing in the cat].

Blood group serological diagnosis in cats is clinically relevant for the prophylaxis of blood group incompatibility reactions. In permanent blood donors, cats used for breeding and recipients with a history of prior blood transfusions, testing should consist of blood typing and antibody detection. As test sera and test cells are not commercially available and since parallel tests for various antibody qualities are necessary, they are usually performed in specialized laboratories. Incompatibility testing has a practical clinical relevance in finding a serological diagnosis before each blood transfusion and in cases of kitten mortality. In emergency situations, cross matching can be performed on slides as a screening test. Negative slide test results then should be verified using the more sensitive test tube or microtiter plate tests.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

[Significance of bone marrow cytology in the diagnosis of leukosis in dogs].

In the differential diagnosis of neoplastic diseases of blood cells or their precursors, cytological examination of bone marrow is a valuable diagnostic tool. Depending on the expected cell type, an aspiration followed by clinical-cytological examination, or a biopsy followed by histopathological examination is indicated. In all unclear cases of cytopenia, if blood parasites or a lymphatic leukemia without tumors are suspected or in myeloproliferative diseases, bone marrow cytology can provide the diagnosis. If the aspiration of bone marrow is not possible in spite of correct technique (punctiosicca), myelofibrosis must be suspected. The diagnosis is confirmed by bone marrow biopsy. In the most common form of leukemia in dogs, the lymphosarcomatosis, a bone marrow biopsy can be helpful in assessment of the prognosis.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

A low affinity vasopressin V2-receptor in inherited nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

Congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is an X-linked inherited disorder characterized by renal resistance to the antidiuretic hormonal action of vasopressin. This study describes the molecular basis of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in a dog family. Kidney membranes prepared from NDI-affected male huskies were examined for vasopressin binding and response. Compared to membranes from unaffected canines, those from the kidney inner medulla of NDI-dogs possessed normal V2-receptor numbers, but with 10-fold lower affinity for [Arg8] vasopressin (AVP). Adenylate cyclase stimulation by AVP in contrast to that by forskolin or GTP-analogues was similarly reduced in a dose responsive manner. The NDI-affected dogs showed antidiuretic responses to very high doses of V2-specific agonists, consistent with their possessing V2-receptors of lower affinity. Prolonged treatment with V2-agonists, 1-deamino [D-Arg8] VP (dDAVP) and 1-deamino [Val4, Sar7] AVP (dVSAVP), rendered the NDI-affected dogs near normal in terms of water intake and urine osmolality.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗

PubMed1991

[The diagnosis of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in the dog].

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is characterized by polyuria, hyposthenuria and compensatory polydipsia. With conventional clinical and laboratory examinations the diagnosis can be established and the differential diagnostic diseases excluded. In order to verify the diagnosis, differentiate the condition from central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus and rule out psychogenic polydipsia, additional laboratory studies are required: of these, the concentration test, modified Carter-Robbins test and AVP stimulation test are described.

Animals↗

PubMed1982