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Biomedical subjects

E G Harrison

Publications and source records attributed to E G Harrison.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

The use of Japanese and bobwhite quail as indicator species in avian toxicity test. ECPA/GIFAP Environmental Round Table.

A comparative analysis was made between the toxicity of plant protection products to two species of quail used in regulatory testing. It was shown that in general differences in the sensitivity between bobwhite quail and Japanese quail were small, and not statistically significant. It was therefore concluded that both species should be seen as equally suitable models for avian safety assessment. The mutual acceptance of studies carried out on either of these species for US and EC registration procedures, would lead to a reduction in vertebrate sacrifice and resource spending.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Desquamative interstitial pneumonitis in children.

Interstitial pneumonitis in children is a rare and poorly understood disease. Controversy exists as to whether the varoius histologic changes encountered represent different disease or a spectrum of the same disease. Fourteen biopsy-confirmed cases of desquamative interstitial pneumonitis in children were seen at the Mayo Clinic between 1953 and 1975. A search of the literature revealed 14 additional cases but no series of exclusively desquamative interstitial pneumonitis. The most frequent symptoms were retardation of growth and dyspnea, often accompanied by cough. Tachypnea was the most common finding on examination; rales, cyanosis, and clubbing were variably present. The chest roentgenogram was distinctly abnormal in all cases; it usually revealed a combined interstitial and alveolar pattern extending bilaterally from the hilus to the base. Results of laboratory studies were nonspecific for desquamative interstitial pneumonitis. All 28 patients in this review were treated with corticosteroids; 17 (61 percent) survived. Desquamative interstitial pneumonitis was found in association with a variety of other major illnesses. The cause remains unknown.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Starch peritonitis and its prevention.

Commercially available surgical gloves contain a derivative of cornstarch and peritonitis induced by particles of starch shed from gloves can be a serious complication of abdominal surgery. Five documented and two suspected cases of this condition are known to have occurred at this institution during a recent 12-month period, when 4,965 intra-abdominal procedures were performed. Clinical features included fever, migratory abdominal pain, and ileus. Treatment with corticosteroids proved effective. Studies of the effectiveness of operating room precautions used to eliminate starch contamination indicated that these precautions do not eliminate the problem completely. Preliminary experience with the use of sodium bicarbonate as a substitute for cornstarch derivatives to "lubricate" surgical gloves has proved promising in eliminating the hazard of starch peritonitis.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1977

Allergic granulomatosis and angiitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome). Report and analysis of 30 cases.

The clinical and morphologic findings of allergic granulomatosis and angiitis of Churg and Strauss in 21 men and 9 women were reviewed. The classic features are those of systemic vasculitis in a setting of bronchial asthma and eosinophilia. Pathologically there is necrotizing vasculitis of small arteries and veins with extravascular granulomas, and infiltration of vessels and perivascular tissues with eosinophilia. These features differentiate it from poly-arteritis nodosa. The lungs, peripheral nerves, and skin are most frequently involved. Renal failure was encountered in only one patient in this series. Shortness of the interval from onset of asthma to appearance of vasculitis is an unfavorable prognostic sign. Corticosteroids seem to influence long-term survival favorably.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Lymphedema: results of surgical treatment in 64 patients (1936-1964).

Patients with peripheral lymphedema are usually treated without operation. In some, however, operations are required in order to reduce swelling, ensure comfort, and improve function and appearance. Because new surgical approaches are available for the treatment of peripheral lymphedema, we reviewed our previous operative experiences for these conditions at the Mayo Clinic to provide a reference to which the newer procedures may be compared. Sixty-four patients underwent operation for peripheral lymphedema between 1936 and 1964. Follow-up information was obtained on 56 patients. Seventeen patients required three procedures to alleviate the swelling in an extremity. Morphologic aspects of the excised tissue were also evaluated in these cases. Results were considered excellent in 13, good in 22, fair in 8, and poor in 13. Complications of operation consisted primarily of wound infections, hematomas, and necrosis of skin flaps.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Lymphoma of the spinal extradural space.

Ninety-four patients with lymphoma involving the extradural space with spinal cord compression proven at the time of laminectomy were reviewed. There were about three times as many patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma than with Hodgkin's disease. The majority of those with Hodgkin's disease had a proven histologic diagnosis before the onset of the spinal cord compression syndrome, whereas only 15% of those with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma had previously been so diagnosed. Plain roentgenograms of the spine were suggestive of tumor involvement in less than one-third of the patients, whereas myelograms were invariably abnormal. As noted by others, the outlook for functional recovery and extended life expectancy is relatively good for patients with this type of cancer, in contrast to reports in the literature regarding prognosis for patients who have metastatic carcinoma with extradural spinal cord compression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Splenosis: autotransplantation of splenic tissue.

Splenosis is the autotransplantation of splenic tissue that usually follows traumatic rupture of the spleen. Generally, the splenic implants are numerous and are located within the peritoneal cavity; however, extra-abdominal splenosis does occur. The implants are rarely clinically significant and are incidental findings at autopsy or at abdominal operation, unrelated to and distant from the splenic trauma and splenectomy. Splenic implants retain their ability to function, and recurrence of a hematologic disease for which the spleen was previously removed should alter the clinician to the possibility of splenosis. The differential diagnosis includes accessory spleens, endometriosis, hemangiomas and metastatic cancer. We report three cases, two of which represent unusual complications of splenosis: a twisted pedicle of a splenic implant, which apparently caused abdominal pain, and recurrent Felty's syndrome associated with splenosis and an accessory spleen.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The value of thymectomy in myasthenia gravis: a computer-assisted matched study.

In the absence of a prospective randomized study of patients treated conservatively or with thymectomy, a computer-assisted retrospective matches study was devised. Of 563 patients treated for myasthenia gravis without thymoma up to 1965, 104 had thymectomy. With computer assistance, each surgical patient was matched with a medical patient on the basis of age, sex, and severity and duration of disease. On this basis 80 of the 104 surgical patients could be matched satisfactorily. There were 16 males and 64 females in each of the matched surgically treated and medical control groups. A complete remission was experienced by 27 of the 78 patients in the surgical group as compared to 6 of the medical group. Improvement was noted by 26 of 78 surgically treated patients and 13 of 78 receiving medical treatment. Survival for patients having thymectomy. Thirty-four patients in the medical group had died as compared to 11 in the surgical group. Comparison of survival in relation to sex, duration of symptoms, or age (less than 30 or less than 30 years) did not show a significant difference. Until more effective treatment is available for myasthenia gravis, thymectomy deserves consideration for both sexes, and with increased age or long duration of symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The protean clinical features of polymorphic reticulosis (lethal midline granuloma).

Confusion surrounds the entity known as "lethal midline granuloma". Partly responsible is the lack of specificity in this term. "Polymorphic reticulosis" has been used as a term to describe the morphology of the disease. Thirty-two cases illustrate the protean features of this disease. Although it commonly presents in the head and neck, other sites such as the lungs, kidneys, skin, and gastrointestinal tract may be involved, either alone or in conjunction with lesions of the head and neck. Clinically, it is easily confused with Wegener's granulomatosis. Histopathologic differentiation, however, is both feasible and important. Wegener's granulomatosis is treatable with steroids with or without cyclophosphamide; polymorphic reticulosis confined to one site responds to irradiation. In polymorphic reticulosis, thhe best results of treatment are obtained in localized lesions of the upper airway treated early with irradiation; a poorer outcome is associated with multifocal involvement, which necessitates systemic therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Pulmonary manifestations of Sjögren's syndrome.

A review of 343 patients with classic Sjogren's syndrome seen at the Mayo Clinic from 1967 through 1974 revealed pulmonary involvement in 31 patients (9 percent). Cough dyspnea, recurrent pneumonitis, and pleuritic pain were the primary complaints. Chest roentgenographic features included diffuse interstitial patterns, diffuse alveolar patterns, and pleural effusions. Laboratory studies revealed hypergammaglobulinemia in 16 of 22 patients tested, and 23 of the 31 patients had positive tests for anti-nuclear antibody, rheumatoid factor, or lupus erythematosus cells. Pulmonary function tests showed a restrictive ventilatory impairment or low diffusion capacity (or both in all 18 patients studied. Pathologic diagnosis included the full range of pulmonary lesions described in Sjogren's syndrome syndrome, ie, lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis, pseudolymphoma, malignant lymphoma, diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, and bronchopneumonia. The clinical pulmonary diagnosis included diffuse interstitial fibrosis, recurrent pneumonitis, pleural effusions, and suspected lymphoma or pseudolymphoma. We conclude that pulmonary lesions occur in Sjogren's syndrome more frequently than previously reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy.

Forteen cases of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy were reviewed retrospectively, and histologic material was examined by various staining and histochemical techniques. The predominant morphologic features were effacement of nodal architecture, microvascular proliferation, and a polymorphous cellular infiltrate of immunoblasts, plasma cells, lymphocytes, and eosinophils. Immunofluorescence studies suggested the presence of cells elaborating a variety of immune globulins with an unpredictable pattern. The clinical course and treatment varied, perhaps partly reflecting the initial spectrum of diagnoses made in these cases before angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy was defined. Because systemic infection appears to be a major factor in the deaths of these patients whose immune competence is uncertain, the usual chemotherapy for malignant lymphomas may be too vigorous for this condition. At present, the cause of the condition is unknown.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Wegener's granulomatosis. Anatomic correlates, a proposed classification.

Based on a 10-year experience with 50 patients who had Wegener's granulomatosis, a new classification is proposed based on anatomic site of involvement: upper airway or ear, nose, and throat (designated E), lung (L), and kidney (K). All combinations of ELK were seen. The system is offered as a unifying concept to embrace the terms midline granuloma, generalized or classic Wegener's granulomatosis, and limited Wegener's granulomatosis. Fourteen patients have died despite the use of corticosteroids and immunosuppressant therapy. Thirteen patients with renal involvement have survived for periods as long as 114 months; all were taking immunosuppressive agents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Lobular carcinoma arising in fibroadenoma of the breast.

Lobular carcinoma may arise within the epithelial component of fibroadenoma of the breast, as evidenced by 5 cases reported from the files of the Mayo Clinic and 21 cases cited in the literature. The 5 cases reported here occurred in a series of 4000 cases of fibroadenoma during a 43-year period. Lobular carcinoma is the more frequent type to be seen in fibroadenoma (in 22 of 26 cases); it usually develops in situ. Extra-adenomatous carcinoma of the ipsilateral breast was identified in 11 of 26 cases, and 3 cases of contralateral carcinoma were noted in the entire series. Thus, lobular carcinoma arising within the epithelial component of a fibroadenoma has biological features similar to the behavior of lobular carcinoma of the breast in general. The prognosis has been favorable; lesions are usually encountered early; in only 2 of 26 cases were there axillary metastases.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1975

Hodgkin's disease in childhood.

A retrospective study of 116 children with Hodgkin's disease diagnosed in the period 1935-1970 was undertaken to assess the prognostic role of histopathologic classiciation and clinical extent of the disease. The ages of the 80 boys and 36 girls ranged from 2.5 years to 15.0 years (mean, 10.0 years). The histopathologic diagnosis by lymph node biopsy revealed lymphocyte predominance in 22, nodular sclerosis in 67, mixed cellularity in 24, and lymphocyte depletion in 3. Within the subgroup of nodular sclerosis, 47 biopsies had classic well-developed collagenous bands, whereas 20 were in the cellular phase (10 without collagenous bands and 10 with minimal collagen). The clinical extent of disease was determined. There were 33 patients with Stage I disease, 38 with Stage IIA, 12 with Stage IIB, 24 with Stage III, and 9 with Stage IV. Survival correlated with histopathologic type and clinical stage, but not with age or sex. Survival was not dependent on the degree of collagenization in nodular sclerosis. There were 28 patients who survived for more than 10 years. Four of these 29 subsequently died owing to acute myelomonocytic leukemia, carcinoma of the breast, sepsis, and progression of Hodgkin's disease, respectively. Neoplasms developed in two other long-term survivors (thyroid carcinoma in one, and multiple basal cell carcinomas in the other).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Intra-abdominal, angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia (plasma-cell variant) with an antierythropoietic factor.

An 11-year-old girl presented with a refractory hypochromic microcytic anemia, hypoferremia, normoblastic hyperplastic bone marrow, hypergammaglobulinemia, and growth retardation. Many varied treatments failed to produce any improvement. Ferrokinetic studies revealed rapid plasma clearance and increased plasma iron turnover, but impaired incorporation of 59Fe. Excretion of 57Co after an oral dose indicated an increased iron absorption. A (99M)Tc-sulfur colloid scintigram of the abdomen failed to demonstrate abnormal uptake. A nodal mass showing the plasma-cell variant of angiofollicular hyperplasia was removed from the gastrolienal ligament. Follow-up studies at 3 and 6 months revealed complete correction of the anemia, a 4.8-cm increase in height, and normal serum gamma-globulin levels. Serum obtained before operation inhibited the incorporation of 59Fe that was induced by a standard dose of erthyropoietin in the exhypoxic mouse system, and this inhibition persisted in serum obtained 3 days after surgery but disappeared by 6 days. The data suggest that the hyperplastic angiofollicular lymph node (plasma-cell variant) secreted a substance the inhibited erythropoiesis.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗