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Biomedical subjects

E G Nichols

Publications and source records attributed to E G Nichols.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Interreader agreement on comprehensive essay examinations.

Examination of faculty interreader reliability on essay-type comprehensive examinations revealed an overall agreement rate of 85.6%. No significant differences in agreement were found between departments. Examination of reader characteristics for those exams with 100 points variation between readers revealed no consistent differences. The findings support the use of one format with a structured scoring protocol for evaluating diverse clinical specialties.

California↗
PubMed1980

Do nurses really use standard care plans?

The authors studied the use of standard care plans in one institution to determine whether and to what extent nurses were actually using them as tools for patient care. The study produced interesting results and suggestions for improvement. After reading this article, nursing administrators may want to promote similar studies in their own institutions. Improvements made as a result of the findings can pave the way for the next step: determining the effect of standard care plans on the quality of nursing practice and patient outcomes.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transitions over the life cycle: a comparison of mothers and nonmothers.

Life histories of 50 mothers and 30 nonmothers, aged 60 to 95, were analyzed to identify differences between the two groups in developmental transitions over the life cycle. The overall developmental trajectories during adulthood did not differ significantly. Mothers, however, reported a greater number of transitions, and 30% reported they were adults before age 15 in contrast to 3% of nonmothers. Nonmothers experienced a more stable career trajectory. Mothers were from larger families. Never-married nonmothers were an only child, only daughter, or oldest daughter. The effect of historical and marital status on achievement of integrity during later years is suggested as somewhat more influential than motherhood status.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship between incidence of phlebitis and frequency of changing IV tubing and percutaneous site.

Using stratified random sampling, 130 patients from three hospital units were assigned to three treatment groups to test the relationship between the frequency of changing intravenous (IV) tubing and percutaneous sites and the incidence of phlebitis. Measures of pain, skin temperature, and erythema were collected every 12 hours. Chi-square analysis indicated there were no significant differences in rates of phlebitis whether the tubings were changed every 24 hours or 48 hours. Further, there were no significant differences in the incidence of phlebitis between 48- and 72-hour site change groups. Clinically, subjects in the 24-hour tubing change groups had lower rates of phlebitis. Analysis of the relationship of other factors such as environment, IV medication (heparin, potassium chloride, antibiotics, and corticosteroids), diagnosis, and age showed no statistically significant relationships. It was concluded that more frequent tubing changes are not harmful to subjects and, in fact, may be beneficial.

Adult↗