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Biomedical subjects

E Gallasch

Publications and source records attributed to E Gallasch.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Sia-b1 and I antigens recognized by Mycoplasma pneumoniae-induced human cold agglutinins.

Postinfection cold agglutinins (CAs) with anti-Sia-b1 (i.e., anti-Sialo-branched) specificity frequently occurring together with anti-I CAs recognize antigenic determinants that are present on Oh red cells and are partially destroyed by endo-beta-galactosidase on the red cell surface. They differ markedly from the monoclonal anti-Sia-b1 FI CA, which recognizes an epitope not expressed on Oh cells, and resistant to the enzyme. On the other side, Sia-b1 determinants reacting with postinfection CAs share the characteristics of I determinants, with the exception that Sia-b1 determinants require sialyl groups as an immunodominant component. Five sera containing coexisting anti-Sia-b1 and anti-I CAs were tested against Oh and enzyme-treated group O red cells. The results are consistent with a postinfection autoimmune response against a sialo-type 2 structure common for Sia-b1 and I determinants, which could serve as a receptor for Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

Agglutinins↗
PubMed1991

Passive viscoelastic properties of the rabbit aorta in vitro.

Tensile tests on longitudinal and circumferential strips of the rabbit aorta have been performed. Stress-strain and relaxation parameters have been estimated with respect to four stress levels and three positions on the aorta. Stress-strain data indicate that in longitudinal direction the aorta becomes more compliant with distance from the aortic arch. The opposite tendency is found for the circumferential direction. Stress-relaxation is found to be strongly dependent on the stress level. The results are discussed with regard to arterial dynamics.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Neurological status, sleep apnea frequency and blood oxygenation in six weeks old infants.

A study was carried out to investigate the correlation between sleep apnea frequency, blood oxygenation and neurological condition in 21 infants at six weeks of age with inconspicuous medical history. Polygraphic recordings of respiratory behaviour and transcutaneous blood gas monitoring lasted for at least five hours. To quantify the results of the neurological examination we established a neurological optimality score (NOS). We found statistically significant correlations between several indexes of apneas and indexes of blood oxygenation and NOS. Thus, a reduced NOS was strongly correlated with higher apnea frequencies and with pronounced drops of transcutaneous PO2-values. In addition all but one infant who were diagnosed as having a sleep apnea syndrome showed a greater than ten percent reduction of NOS. Some pathophysiological considerations to explain our findings are put forward and the possible role of the neuromodulator adenosine is emphasized.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Computer-based sleep monitoring in SIDS-risk infants--preliminary results.

A computerized, PC-based system is introduced for sleep monitoring in infants. The system is capable of digitizing and storing 22 physiological variables over a whole-night sleep period. The preprocessed data can be displayed on a single page; further processing can be done on the digitally stored data.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1989

Stages of anti-N-like immunization: a further contribution to problems arising from anti-N-like antibodies in hemodialysis patients.

In the past years, the discussion around problems arising from anti-N-like antibodies has waned in spite of their continuing existence. Even highly sophisticated rinsing procedures of dialysers after sterilisation with Formalin are not capable of preventing an anti-N-like immunization. Therefore, formalin sterilisation should no longer be employed. Three stages of the formalin-dependent anti-N-like immunization are described. Hematological and immunohematological problems in this patient group are documented.

Anemia↗
PubMed1989

Hemispheric asymmetry and the processing of harmonies in music.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate to what extent the concept of hemispheric specialization is of importance for the perception and processing of harmonies in music. The method involves presenting mistuned intervals monaurally, which have to be tuned with a joy-stick. Subjects were divided according to their previous musical training and according to their ear and eye dominance. The accuracy of the tuning-performance yields data for an univariate analysis of variance. From the results the conclusion is drawn that the right hemisphere is more sensitive to the dimension of musical harmony. This superiority is discussed with respect to different theories of hearing and the question, if the observed differences are the expression of an innate or a learned ability.

Auditory Pathways↗
PubMed1988

[Aircraft noise: changes in biochemical parameters].

The effect of stress caused by aircraft noise was studied on 14 female and 11 male volunteers, who were of a age ranging from 21 to 42 years and of a mean age of 25 years. The volunteers were exposed to an aircraft simulator that stimulated the low level flight of an air force plane and produced a maximum noise level of 105 dB(A) for 3 sec. in a short time. Before and immediately after the exposure, the concentration of ACTH was measured by means of a radioimmunoassay. The ACTH is a hormone, responsible for initiating a chain reaction that is characteristic for a stress reaction. In 100% of the cases the concentration of this hormone increased. It reached a pathological level in 28% of the cases. The effect on the lipid metabolism was expressed by an increase of total cholesterol and a decrease of the triglycerides in the serum. A slight increase in blood sugar which, together with the free fatty acids, is relatively quickly reduced to energy, could be determined. The aircraft noise did not influence the activity of the liver transaminases in any way. A short-term exposure to aircraft noise is able to stimulate a stress reaction, whereby, the determination of the ACTH offers valuable informations.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1987

Quick measurement of hematocrit and erythrocyte sedimentation-rate by means of a density tracking method.

An instrument to track the sedimentation properties of red blood cells quickly and automatically and to evaluate the hematocrit as well as the plasma density of a blood sample in the same operation is described. Erythrocyte-sedimentation basically is due to the density difference between the red blood cells and the plasma and the new method makes use of the mechanical-oscillator-technique, where the resonant frequency of the bending-type oscillations of a U-shaped glass tube is related to the density of the fluid with which the tube is filled. The oscillating U-tube is part of a sedimentation-tube of special dimensions and particular spatial orientation. The tube is tilted at 60 degrees, the tip of the U-tube being raised above the horizontal plane. Filling the sedimentation-tube with anticoagulated blood first permits recording of the density of the homogeneous suspension. Then, after a few minutes, the onset of erythrocyte-sedimentation produces a decrease in recorded density. The final value is related to the density of the supernatant plasma-fluid. Hematocrit, blood and plasma density of the undiluted blood sample as well as the sedimentation-rate of the anticoagulated sample are automatically calculated from the recorded sedimentation-curve. The particular arrangement of the tilted sedimentation-tube facilitates a determination of the maximum sedimentation-rate within 15 min at most.

Blood Sedimentation↗
PubMed1986

Morphological and biomechanical studies of the ligamentum arteriosum.

Fifteen ligaments taken from individuals aged between 60 and 80 years were used for the study of the histological structure, the composition of the ground substance and the biomechanical behavior. Remnants of the original duct are recognizable in the ligament as artery of the muscular type. What had been the intima is thickened and consists mainly of cell-poor, fiber-rich connective tissue, which often shows chondrification along with calcification. The biomechanical behavior of the ligaments, evaluated with the force-length and force-relaxation test, was similar to that of peripheral arteries.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Bombay phenotypes.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1977

Transfer of bovine J blood-group activity to human erythrocytes in vitro.

THe bovine J determinant is transferred from a bovine serum nonlipid fraction to a human erythrocyte membrane lipid by an incubation procedure. The transferred J determinant is detected in the total lipids extracted from transformed human erythrocytes by an inhibition test in the bovine J system. It is also detected by cross-reacting human anti-A sera after treatment of human cells with papain prior or subsequent to transformation.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Amh, a Bombay variant with cryptantigen H].

Untreated red cells of the Bombay variant Amh have traces of A. They are Le(b)-positive but H-negative. Following RDE-(Receptor destroying enzyme) treatment H is demonstrable by anti-HLa, -BHEe, and -HUe but not by anti-HLt. This type of reaction resembles that in O-newborns: H is present only in the form of a glycolipoid but not in the form of a mucoid. The barrier of neuraminic acid prevents recognition of H as his own. Anti-H is present. It has been shown that H as a precursor is necessary only for A1 but not for Am, A3, and A2.

Absorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The 1-hour oxycardiorespirography as routine study in the diagnosis of cardiorespiratory dysregulation in infancy--an attempt at establishing normal values].

Because of the growing demand to evaluate cardiorespiratory dysfunctions the short-time oxycardiorespirography becomes a more and more important and powerful tool in the daily clinical routine. Therefore, from about one hour lasting records we studied the distribution of MA-values (mean apnea duration), duration of the longest apnea, percentage of periodic breathing time, lowest heart rate values, lowest transcutaneous PO2 values and highest transcutaneous PCO2 values in an obstetrical optimal low-risk group of 90 infants and a obstetrical non-optimal group of 152 infants between four and ten weeks of age. Percentiles of each variable were calculated, and we suggest the 90th percentiles as new threshold values to judge these short-time recordings. In comparison to relevant data from the literature we could demonstrate that deviating threshold values have to be applied to short-time recordings in comparison to long-time recordings. In addition, the respiratory behaviour of the optimal group is compared to that of the non-optimal group of the same age. Interestingly enough, no difference in the respiratory behaviour between these groups could be demonstrated.

Blood Gas Analysis↗