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Biomedical subjects

E García Cuerpo

Publications and source records attributed to E García Cuerpo.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Bone lithiasis in the period of the Enlightenment: D.F.J.B. Trehet].

OBJECTIVE: To briefly describe the life and works of D.F.J.B. Trehet, a physician of the city of Rouen (France), who was the first to describe the "osseous points" in a renal calculus. Trèhet has not been recognized or referenced for this original observation in the urological publications. METHODS: Trehet lived in the period of the Enlightenment and endured the upheavals of the French Revolution. Data gleaned from several sources have permitted and elaborate description of this French physician from both the social and professional perspectives. RESULTS: After completing his studies at the Hôtel Dieu in Rouen, D.F.J.B. Trehet pursued his education at the School of Health in Paris. He read his doctorate's thesis at the Paris School of Medicine in 1803 and published his observation of a renal calculus "with osseous points" in 1812. Other studies by D.F.J.B. Trehet were also published in Le Journal de Médecine, Chirurgie et Pharmacie. CONCLUSIONS: D.F.J.B. Trehet should be recognized as the first to describe an osseous renal calculus.

France↗
PubMed2001

[Lithogenesis. Towards a new approach].

OBJECTIVE: To describe a more general, less restrictive approach to stone formation that takes into account experimental data and to develop a hypothesis of stone formation based on experimental, molecular biology and clinical findings. METHODS/RESULTS: Stone formation is reviewed in the light of the authors' findings by means of an appropriate experimental method in an attempt to understand fundamental aspects of urolithiasis. This project, which is currently under discussion, attempts to provide answers to the physiopathological issues of this old disease. CONCLUSIONS: Observation of the experimental phenomena that result in stone formation constitutes a new approach that can provide further insight into stone formation.

Humans↗
PubMed2000

[Silica urolithiasis: report of a new case].

We report a new case of silica urolithiasis in a 71-year-old patient with background of medicament ingesta (antacid) which could justify the formation of these calculi with so uncommon composition. Medicament calculi amounts about 1% from total urinary calculi. Among them, silica ones (silicon dioxide or Si O2) have been relate din their etiology to chronical ingest of antacid drugs, specially those with magnesium trisilicate. Silica formation in urine is facilitated and conditioned by an acid pH of it. Diagnosis and therapeutical approach does not change in relation to other lithiasis with similar dimension or location. After its composition report, and ruling out the possibility for patient's malingering, urine alkalinization was applied, with an excellent follow-up afterwards. The antacid was substituted by other drug. We analyze the most important aspects about this case. We also make reference to the main related bibliography.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Nanobacteria. An experimental neo-lithogenesis model].

OBJECTIVE: To study the phenomenon of biomineralization in an experimental model of lithogenesis by percutaneous renal punction without laparotomy and no antibiotics. METHODS/RESULTS: The study comprised 4 Brown-Norway rats. Nanobacteria inoculum (X, 2X and 4X) was administered to three rats and the remaining one was used as control. The analytical and radiological findings showing the development of obstructive pyelocaliceal lithiasis in the kidneys of rats no. 2 and 3 are presented. CONCLUSIONS: Translumbar percutaneous renal puncture has permitted performing laparotoy without antibiotic coverage, which was the main difficulty of the experimental model of lithogenesis. Nanobacteria were cultured successfully, but not without difficulty, and formation of calculi in the rat pyelocaliceal system was achieved. This experimental model will provide further insight into lithogenesis and will allow us to find the answers to some of the many questions concerning this condition that remain.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Epidemiology of urinary lithiasis in our Unit. Clinical course in time and predictive factors].

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the incidence of lithiasis and stone composition in our setting. The trend is compared with the results of the majority of studies on urinary calculi reported in the literature based on the number and composition of stones. METHODS: The study comprised patients referred to the Urolithiasis Unit of our hospital over the last 21 years. Stone composition was analyzed by infra-red spectroscopy. The study period was divided into 4 time intervals: 1977-1979, 1977-1980, 1977-1987 and 1977-1998 in order to determine the trends of the incidence of lithiasis in our setting. RESULTS: A total of 5516 patients were reviewed; of these, 766 had recurrence. The distribution was 385, 995, 3378 and 5516, respectively. Calcium oxalate calculi showed an incidence of 61.3%, calcium phosphate 18.5%, uric acid 11.2%, infectious calculi (ammonium urate and ammonium magnesium phosphate) 6.6%, and finally the incidence of cysteine calculi was 0.77%. Concerning the distribution according to sex, 62% of the males had calcium oxalate stones, 68% uric acid, 42.5% phosphate and 45% infectious lithiasis. The trends for uric acid, infectious, oxalate and phosphate calculi changed over time. CONCLUSIONS: There is a clear trend of calculi prevalence in the male, particularly oxalate and uric acid calculi. There is a trend for cysteine calculi to remain the same, calcium phosphate and oxalate calculi to increase, and uric and infectious calculi to decrease. The changes observed may be due to dietary changes and improvement in the quality of life.

Female↗
PubMed2000

[Pyelocalicial diverticula].

OBJECTIVE: To review the embryological and clinical aspects of the different types of pyelocaliceal diverticula, with special reference to the differential diagnosis and treatment. METHODS: Images of type I and II pyelocaliceal diverticula are shown. The conditions that cause difficulty in making the differential diagnosis are discussed. RESULTS: Urography continues to be the diagnostic method preferred and is sometimes aided by retrograde ureteropyelography. CONCLUSIONS: Pyelocaliceal diverticula are cystic eventrations of the upper urinary tract lying within the renal parenchyma that communicate through a narrow channel into the main collecting system. They occur in 0.2 to 0.5% of the population and are congenital in origin. Calyceal diverticula are frequently found incidentally on routine excretory urograms, but patients may complain of flank pain, hematuria or recurrent urinary infections. In the past, treatment required open renal surgery. Endourologic procedures are widely utilized today.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed2000

[Partial nephrectomy in lithiasis].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze our series of patients with renal lithiasis who underwent partial nephrectomy from 1980-1999. METHODS: 28 patients who underwent partial nephrectomy were analyzed (22 females; mean age 48.09 years, and 6 males; mean age 60 years). Surgery for lithiasis had been previously performed in 5 renal units. Nine patients had previously undergone ESWL (more than 3 sessions), all of whom subsequently developed multiple residual calculi. Twelve patients had a microbiologically confirmed positive urine culture. The renal lithiasis amenable to treatment by partial nephrectomy was frequently localized in the lower calyces (17 cases). RESULTS: Histopathological analysis of the nephrectomy specimen showed a prevalence of signs of chronic parenchymal atrophy (25 cases). Three cases showed segmental renal dysplasia (those in whom a superior heminephrectomy was performed for duplex excretory system). Fifty percent of the stone fragments analyzed showed calcium phosphocarbonate. Eight patients had postoperative complications; the most important were two cases of renal cutaneous fistula and one subphrenic abscess. At 9 1/2 years' mean follow-up, renal function is normal in 25 patients. Lithiasis developed in the contralateral unit in 6 cases and in the same renal unit in one case. CONCLUSIONS: Partial nephrectomy continues to be a therapeutic option for lithiasis. Its indication depends on the morphological and functional characteristics of the compromised renal unit, especially in those cases in whom renal preservation can be obviated due to its scanty significance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[The historical setting of cystine lithiasis].

W. H. Wollaston, who first described cystine stones, as well as the most outstanding contemporary figures and their contribution to the understanding of this uncommon type of lithiasis are described.

Cystine↗
PubMed1999

[Saint Liborius, patron of European urology. Iconography found in Croatia and Spain].

The discovery made by the group of Dr. Stella Fatovic-Ferencic in Varazdin (Croatia) of a painting of St. Liborius, patron saint invoked for calculi, and the painting of the Sevillian school (circa 1700) discovered by another group in Spain have led to the retrieval of part of the history of European Urology forgotten 250 years ago. Saint Liborius, bishop of Le Mans (France), died in 397, at the time the barbarian hordes were ravaging the Roman Empire, which had been divided into a Western and an Eastern Empire on the death of Theodosius I. Learning more about St. Liborius is of interest. Here is an example of the Graeco-Roman culture of antiguity that is passed on to the present time. The significance of both paintings and their differences are described. The article concludes that on the basis of his biography, St. Liborius should be considered the patron saint of Urology.

Croatia↗
PubMed1998

[Conservative surgery in metanephric renal adenoma].

OBJECTIVE: To confirm that metanephric adenoma is a benign tumor with no potential to malignancy, observing its course 6 years after conservative surgical management. METHODS: A light microscopic, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study of the surgical specimen were performed and the DNA euploidy and proliferation index were determined. RESULTS: Metanephric adenoma is comprised of tubular epithelial structures of small diameter or with virtual lumen, with or without calcifications, psammoma bodies and bony trabeculae. No cell atypia or mitosis was observed. The immunohistochemical study is useful to discard the unlikely metastatic nature of the tumor. It has a euploid DNA distribution and there is practically no proliferation. Electron microscopy showed a scanty amount of microvilli and abundant material between the tubules that appeared to be similar to that of the basement membrane. CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge about this benign disease entity is emphasized in order to avoid unnecessary radical nephrectomies.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1998

[Adenomatoid tumor of testicular tunica albuginea: a case report. Histogenetic and therapeutic considerations].

OBJECTIVE: To describe a rare case of adenomatoid tumor of the testicular tunica albuginea and to discuss the clinical, histogenetic and therapeutic aspects. METHODS/RESULTS: A rare case of adenomatoid tumor of the testicular tunica albuginea is presented. The clinical, histogenetic and therapeutic aspects are discussed. CONCLUSIONS: Adenomatoid tumors of the testicular tunica albuginea are rare and are therefore rarely considered. Although 99% of testicular tumors are malignant, it must be emphasized that there are benign testicular tumors, such as adenomatoid tumor, that initially do not require aggressive surgical treatment but intraoperative biopsy and tumor resection.

Adenomatoid Tumor↗
PubMed1997

[Endometriosis: the cause of hematuria in the dysfunctional ureter].

OBJECTIVES: To review the diagnosis and treatment of ureteral stenosis arising from endometriosis and describe a case of mixed (intrinsic and extrinsic) ureteral endometriosis. METHODS: The diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of ureteral stenosis due to endometriosis are reviewed. The case of a patient with a nonfunctioning right kidney and hematuria is described. The patient had previously undergone hysterectomy and double adnexectomy for uterine leiomyofibromas and a right ureteral lesion that warranted cuff ureterocystoneostomy leaving the extreme distal third of the pelvic ureter. CT evaluation disclosed a right retrovesical mass. The therapeutic strategy consisted in performing percutaneous nephrostomy, ureteroscopy of nonfunctioning ureter and determining the nature of the retrovesical mass by fine needle punction aspiration biopsy. RESULTS: Percutaneous nephrostomy achieved functional recovery of the renal unit. Endoscopic incision of the stricture with intravesical invagination of the compromised segment was performed with the combined antegrade and retrograde approach. The anatomopathological findings of ureteroscopic biopsy of an intraureteral lesion in the nonfunctioning ureter disclosed ureteral endometriosis. This finding obviated fine needle punction aspiration biopsy and the patient was treated with danazol for 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Diagnosis by ureteroscopy should be considered in intrinsic and mixed forms of ureteral endometriosis. Endoscopic incision of the ureteral stricture combined with hormone therapy is a valid therapeutic option.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1997

[Amino acid sequence of the protein in a pure proteinic calculus].

OBJECTIVE: The fact that for an equivalent oversaturation of solutes, urine of lithiasic patients has a greater tendency to form crystals, indicate that urine of stone-formers may contain substances that promote crystallization. METHODS: A renal calculus was analyzed by infra-red spectrophotometry, x-ray dispersion energy spectrophotometry, ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry, acid hydrolysis cationic exchange chromatography, SDA-Page gel electropheresis with Coomassie Blue and amino acid sequence. RESULTS: It was a pure protein calculus formed by a beta 2-microglobulin anomaly. It was a residue that had lost its first 19 amino acids and phenylalanine replaced serine in position 19 CONCLUSIONS: Changes in the amino acid sequence of urinary proteins can cause these to behave like urinary calculus-promoting substances.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Is there a role for partial cystectomy in the treatment of infiltrating bladder cancer? (2nd part)].

Experimental studies and the clinical course have shown that bladder cancer is confined to the bladder wall for some time, during which optimal treatment by complete surgical excision can be achieved. Failures are most often due to the presence of distant metastasis at the time of surgery and most patients invariably die although local and regional control of the tumor have been achieved. It is difficult to evaluate the benefits that neoadjuvant measures (radio and chemotherapy) contribute to surgery, basically due to the difficulty in classifying the tumor with precision. Preoperative chemotherapy in patients with less than a 40% likelihood of metastasis is unreasonable since 60% will not require it and will be unnecessarily exposed to the side effects of the cytostatic agents, which are not negligible. Furthermore, a considerable number of candidates to partial surgery have no metastasis at the time of diagnosis, therefore preoperative chemotherapy is not useful. It would be more reasonable to give chemotherapy postoperatively to those that are more likely to require it. Radiotherapy will not prevent tumor recurrence and is ineffective in carcinoma in situ. Furthermore, surgery is sufficiently aggressive in regard to the tumor and the possible dissemination to the lymphatics to require adjunctive measures with locoregional effects.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1996

[Treatment of ureteral stenoses with the Acucise catheter].

OBJECTIVES: A new form of minimally invasive treatment of ureteral stricture with the Acucise catheter is described herein. METHODS: The method for catheter use for the ureteral incision using radiological control alone is described. RESULTS: The technique is easy to perform. There were no early postoperative complications in strictures at the juxtavesical or upper lumbar ureter. CONCLUSIONS: The availability of balloon dilatation catheters equipped with an electrocautery device permits incision of the ureteral stricture using radiological control alone, preferably those in the juxtavesical or upper lumbar ureter. Those localized to other levels of the ureter are not free from vascular or visceral lesions.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1996

[Urology of the XIX century in the life of a famous painter. Federico de Madrazo and his medical, historic, and artistic environment].

The life Federico de Madrazo y Kuntz, a prominent figure in the history of Spanish Art, is briefly described, highlighting some biographical information about the painter, his contemporaries (Francisco de Goya, whose 250 th anniversary is being celebrated this year; Juan de Villanueva, the architect who designed the Prado Museum), the famous physicians of his paintings, doctors and urologists who treated him for different ailments, one of which was lithiasis.

Famous Persons↗