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Biomedical subjects

E Gjengedal

Publications and source records attributed to E Gjengedal.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Osteoporosis in the Norwegian moose.

In the last decade, an increased frequency of fractures among wild moose in the southernmost parts of Norway has been reported. This study focuses on bone mass, mechanical strength, and metal levels in the metacarpal bone of moose hunted in Aust-Agder (AA) County in southern Norway compared with control areas (CA) in more eastern and northern parts. Metacarpal bone with soft tissue from 106 AA and 37 CA animals were excised after hunting. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at the proximal joint (trabecular bone tissue) and 100 mm distally (cortical bone tissue). Both accuracy and reproducibility of the method in these large bones were tested. Biomechanical strength was carried out using a three point bending test in bones from nine AA and eight CA animals of the same age. Metal concentrations in bone tissue were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (GF-AAS) and atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AAS). BMD of the proximal region was 1.58 +/- 0.39 g/cm(2) (mean +/- SD) for AA, 1.88 +/- 0.58 g/cm(2) (p < 0.01) for CA, 2.08 +/- 0.36 g/cm(2) for distal AA, and 2.16 +/- 0.48 (not significant) for distal CA. In analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) tests with age and region as factors, together with weight as cofactor, there were significant effects on BMD in both the proximal and distal areas for all factors. The bending strength of metacarpal bone was 9378 +/- 1814 N and 16,707 +/- 3065 N (p < 0.01) in AA and CA animals, respectively. There was no differences in element content except for the concentration of lead, where the mean value for AA animals was 1.5 +/- 0.8 mg/kg and CA 0.4 +/- 0.3 mg/kg (p < 0.01). In conclusion, the animals from the southern part of Norway had lower bone mass, decreased mechanical strength, and an increased bone concentration of lead.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

The significance of fellow patients for the patient with cancer: what can nurses do?

Based on two qualitative studies, this article describes the significance of fellow patients in cancer wards, and the relevance for health personnel involved in patient-patient relationships is discussed. Using grounded theory, in-depth interviews were conducted in the first study with 21 adult cancer patients and in a follow-up study with 8 patients and 27 health care providers. The findings indicate that the significance of fellow patients for the patient with cancer can be described in terms of three different dimensions: attitudes toward own illness, interpersonal relationships, and environmental factors. Although contact with fellow patients most often seems to engender positive experiences, some negative experiences are reported also. The suggestions in this article for practical implications are meant to help nurses and other health care providers to promote positive and prevent negative consequences in patient-patient relationships in hospitals.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1996

[Clexane (enoxaprin) or Fragmin (dalteparin) for thrombolytic prevention in hip replacement surgery?].

In an attempt to reduce medical costs it was decided that four Oslo hospitals should use the same low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) for thromboprophylaxis. Clexane was chosen because it was slightly cheaper than Fragmin. Experts in haematology stated that a daily dose of 40 mg Clexane was equivalent to 5,000 units of Fragmin in high risk surgery. After changing from Fragmin to Clexane for thromboprophylaxis in connection with total hip replacement, an unacceptable increase in perioperative bleeding complications was experienced. Thus, after being used in 18 patients, use of Clexane was discontinued. We compared the group given Clexane with the last 18 total hip replacement patients who had received Fragmin. The two groups were comparable with regard to base line characteristics. In both groups the thromboprophylaxis was started the evening before the operation. We found a statistically significant increase in postoperative wound and drain-site discharge and in number of days with elevated body temperature in the Clexane group. Even though the Clexane group received an average of 1.5 blood units more, their haemoglobin value at discharge from the department was significantly lower. We conclude that a daily dose of Clexane led to more bleeding than 5,000 units of Fragmin did.

Aged↗