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Biomedical subjects

E Goetze

Publications and source records attributed to E Goetze.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Synthesis of arachidonic acid in the human placenta in vitro.

The syntheses of arachidonic acid and total fatty acids were measured in human placentas at the end of the first trimester and at term using 14C-acetate in in vitro incorporation experiments. The rates of arachidonic acid synthesis were determined to be 0.70 (first trimester) and 0.64 (term) mumol/h/100 g of placental tissue. The calculated rates of total fatty acid synthesis amount to 0.5 (first trimester) and 0.6 (term) mumol palmitate-equivalents/h/100 g. The results suggest that the human placenta seems to be not dependent on maternal arachidonic acid. Near term the placenta even could be source of arachidonic acid.

Arachidonic Acids↗
PubMed1979

[Effect of fat free diet during the last week of pregnancy upon the linoleic and arachidonic acid content of fetal organ lipids and placenta lipids of the rat].

Pregnant Wistar rats were fed a fatfree diet from day 16--22 of pregnancy. On day 22, the fatty acid components of cholesterol esters, triglycerides, free fatty acids and phospholipids of maternal (brain, muscle, serum, white adipose tissue, liver) and fetal (brain, carcass, serum, liver) tissues, including the placenta, were examined gaschromatographically for the participation of linoleic and arachidonic acid. In all fetal and maternal organs the linoleic acid levels in the fatty acid patterns were strongly reduced. The alterations nearly always involved all the lipid fractions of a tissue and were mostly equal within a tissue. The strongest decreases of linoleic acid occurred in the placenta, and the weakest, in the lipids of maternal muscle and maternal adipose tissue. The linoleic acid alterations were principally similar in fetal and the corresponding maternal tissues, while being less pronounced in case of maternal muscle. The participation of arachidonic acid in the fatty acid pattern is completely retained in the lipids of fetal organs, and is even enhanced in those of the placenta.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Concentration and composition of the lipoprotein classes in human umbilical cord serum.

The concentration and composition of the lipoprotein density classes d less than 1.006 (VLDL), d = 1.006 - 1.064 (LDL), and d = 1.064 - 1.21 (HDL) of human umbilical cord serum were investigated by means of preparative ultracentrifugation. The concentrations of all the density classes, in particular that of the VLDL, are lower than in adults; the values correspond to 8.1 (VLDL), 59.2 (LDL), and 77.4 (HDL) mg/100 ml. About 15% of the total cholesterol and roughly 40% of the total lipid phosphorus did not float at the highest density of 1.21. The composition of the LDL and the HDL was principally in agreement with the pattern obtained in adults. The VLDL of the cord serum, however, showed a lower amount of triglycerides (45%) and a higher content of proteins (22%) than the VLDL from serum of adults. In cord serum only 25% of the total triglycerides are associated with the VLDL fraction, while more than 50% of the triglycerides circulate as a constituent of the LDL.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1977

Tracer kinetic studies on in vivo fatty acid metabolism in white adipose tissue of well-fed and starving newborn rabbits during acute or prolonged exposure to cold.

Pool size (M), and specific radioactivities (SA) of lipids of white adipose tissue (WAT), as well as the flow rates (ms) of free fatty acids (FFA) from plasma into WAT were studied by injecting 14C-1-palmitate (20.10(6) cpm/100 g body weight) into 7-day-old rabbits reared in a thermoneutral (Group I) or a cold environment (Group II) or subjected to starvation at an ambient temperature (Ta) of 35 degrees C (Group III) or at Ta 20 degrees C (Group IV). Experiments were carried out at Ta 20 degrees C in all four groups of rabbits. The pool size of esterified and non-esterified fatty acids of WAT was reduced in both the well-fed animals raised in the cold and in the starving ones. The SA of tissue FFA and phospholipid fatty acid (PL-FA) was highest in Group III and Group IV indicating an increased FFA metabolism of WAT in animals subjected to starvation prior to acute exposure to cold. The flow rate (ms) of FFA between plasma and WAT increased twofold in Group IV but remained about one fifth that of the ms between plasma and brown adipose tissue (BAT) indicating that the contribution of WAT to cold-induced calorigenesis of the whole animal must be regarded as of secondary importance.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1977

[Influence of a fat-free diet on the content and synthesis of arachidonic acid in the feto-placental unit of the rat].

In rats receiving a fat-free food throughout the period of pregnancy, the individual fatty acids of total lipids from placenta, total fetus, maternal and fetal serum were determined quantitatively on day 21/22 of pregnancy. Also, the incorporation of 14C-acetate in vitro into placental fatty acids, divided by the number of double bonds, was measured and the rate of synthesis calculated therefrom. The fat-free diet caused a drastic fall of linoleic acid concentration in maternal serum and all fetal compartments. On the contrary, the amount of arachidonic acid remained almost unchanged in fetal serum and total fetus, and even slightly increased in placenta. In the maternal serum, too, the arachidonic acid concentration remained constant under fat-free diet. The observed concentration changes of single fatty acids in the maternal serum are reflected in all fetal compartments and led to a rise in total fatty acids in all sera and tissues studied. The height of rise decreased in the order: maternal serum less than placenta less than fetal serum less than total fetus. The rate of synthesis for arachidonic acid in placenta was on day 21/22 of pregnancy 0.3 (controls) and 0.5 (fat-free diet) micrometer/100 g placenta and hour, being able to cover the placenta's own need to less than one-third. The results suggest that the protection of the feto-placental unit against arachidonic acid deficiency under fat-free diet of the mother is provided mainly by a constant supply of maternal unit with arachidonic acid under normal conditions has to be ensured essentially by the mother.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The effect of intrauterinely injected lymphocytes prepared from sensitized or non-sensitized guinea-pigs on the ultrastructure of rat fetal membranes (visceral yolk sac).

The susceptibility of rat fetal membranes (visceral yolk sac) to cell-mediated immunity was studied electron microscopically at day 19 of pregnancy. For this purpose guinea-pigs were sensitized to rat placental antigens and the activated lymphocytes were injected intrauterinely. Simultaneously, the effect of lymphocytes from non-sensitized guinea-pigs was examined on the rat yolk sac. Lymphocytes from sensitized guinea-pigs revealed a clear cytotoxic effect on the visceral yolk sac, but the degree of cell destruction showed marked differences from one epithelial cell to the other. Furthermore, the yolk sac regionally displayed great differences in the intensity of immune cytolysis...

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Studies on plasma free-fatty-acid metabolism and triglyceride synthesis of brown adipose tissue in vivo during cold-induced thermogenesis of the newborn rabbit.

Parameters of plasma free fatty acid metabolism (pool size, half time, disappearance rate, turnover time and absolute turnover rate), the influx of plasma free fatty acids into the glycerides of brown adipose tissue and the pathway of triglyceride synthesis in brown adipose tissue (glycerol-1-phosphate versus monoglyceride pathway) were examined after intravenous injection of [1-14C]palmitate in newborn rabbits. In the thermoneutral environment of 35 degrees C the turnover rate of plasma free fatty acids was 10.20 mumol/min per 100 g body weight and its flux into the glycerides of brown adipose tissue 0.367 mumol/min per 100 g body weight. Cold exposure at an ambient temperature of 20 degrees C caused a decrease to 5.84 mumol/min and 0.207 mumol/min per 100 g body weight, respectively. Both under basal conditions at an ambient temperature of 35 degrees C and under cold-induced thermogenesis at an ambient temperature of 20 degrees C triglyceride synthesis in brown adipose tissue ran through the glycerol 1-phosphate pathway.

Adipose Tissue, Brown↗
PubMed1975

Fine structure and pinocytic activity of the visceral epithelium of the rat yolk sac incubated in a culture medium with or without goat antirat-placenta-IgG.

The fine structure and pinocytic activity of the rat visceral yolk sac epithelium were examined electron microscopically after incubation in Krebs-Ringer-Phosphate solution containing either 125-I-labeled albumin or goat antirat-placenta-IgG or both compounds simultaneously. Addition of 125-I-albumin to the incubation medium stimulates the pinocytosis, whereas the addition of goat antirat-placenta-IgG, cross-reacting with the yolk sac tissue, causes a diminution of the pinocytic activity of the yolk sac epithelium. Fine structural alterations and lesions are generally noticed. Preincubation of yolk sacs in Krebs-Ringer-Phosphate solution containing goat antirat-placent-IgG and the subsequent postincubation in a new Krebs-Ringer-Phosphate medium with 125-I-albumin does not restore the original pinocytic activity of the visceral epithelial cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Uptake of serum free fatty acids by lipids of the brown adipose tissue].

The flow rate of serum free fatty acids (FFA) into the lipids of brown adipose tissue (BAT) of newborn rabbits was determined by intravenous injection of [14C]-1-palmitate. For a normal 7 day old animal during acute cold exposure the flow rate is (1 hour in 20 degrees C ambient temperature) 0.209 mumol/minute, that is 3.6% of the serum FFA turnover. Prolonged cold exposure only induced an increase in FFA influx if the lipid depot had been depleted (48 hours starvation in 20 degrees C). Consequently, the BAT takes up serum FFA for heat production only after mobilisation of its lipid stores. It is supposed that the mechanism of the uptake of serum FFA by the BAT is connected with their esterification to triglycerides. The phospholipids of BAT which are not only membrane bound lipids are characterized by a high metabolism.

Adipose Tissue, Brown↗
PubMed1975

[The effect of cold and hunger on the free fatty acid metabolism in the serum of newborn rabbits].

A tracer kinetic study with [14C]-1-palmitic acid was carried out to study the influence of acute exposure to cold and starvation on free fatty acid (FFA) metabolism in serum of newborn rabbits. The turnover rate of serum FFA was 10.20 mumol/min in well fed rabbits kept in a thermoneutral environment (normal conditions). Cold exposure as well as starvation either in a cold or thermoneutral environment resulted in a diminution of the turnover rate, being the consequence of a significantly reduced pool of FFA. It was 9.57 mumol under normal conditions. The disappearance rate (1.07 min-1), half time (0.65 min) and turnover time (0.94 min) of well nourished animals was slightly, but mostly not significantly, influenced by cold exposure and starvation. The cold induced increase in serum FFA concentration and the decrease following restoration of thermoneutrality did not run parallel with changes in the absolute turnover rate.

Animals↗