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Biomedical subjects

E Goldmeier

Publications and source records attributed to E Goldmeier.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Frequency judgments for semantic categories in amnesics and normal controls.

Korsakoff's amnesics and normal controls read descriptions of five famous and five unknown individuals. Each individual was linked with five exemplars of one semantic category and three of another. Subjects decided which of the two relevant categories had been linked more frequently with each individual and made recognition judgments with respect to the exemplars. An analysis of the relationship between recognition and frequency judgment performance suggested that the normals but not the amnesics had used explicit memory for the exemplars in making their frequency judgments. An analysis of frequency judgment performance suggested that the judgments of the amnesics but not the normals reflected implicit memory for the associations between the individuals and the categories that had been used to describe them.

Alcohol Amnestic Disorder↗
PubMed1990

Acquisition of a new color name in amnesics and normal controls.

Six Korsakoffs amnesics, three mixed amnesics, and eight normal controls were taught the meaning of "bice", the word for a particular shade of blue-green. The conceptual interpretation that the Korsakoffs developed for "bice" differed in three respects from the one that the controls developed. (1) Although both Korsakoffs and controls applied the term more liberally to pens than to other objects, two of the Korsakoffs showed an extreme form of this tendency. (2) The Korsakoffs tended to generalize more broadly along the spectral dimension in using the term. (3) Whereas there was a positive relationship, in the data for the controls, between measures of syntactic and semantic awareness concerning "bice", there was no such relationship in the Korsakoffs data. It was concluded that the Korsakoffs had difficulty mastering the new word, and difficulty specifically in integrating their representation for the word with the rest of their lexical knowledge.

Amnesia↗
PubMed1988

Effects of instructional set on amnesic recognition memory performance.

Tests that tapped memory for spatial location, temporal order, frequency of occurrence, and category membership were administered to a group of alcoholic Korsakoff patients, a group of mixed amnesic patients with primarily temporal lobe pathology, and a group of normal subjects. The four tests were administered with incidental as well as intentional learning conditions. All groups performed better in the intentional than the incidental condition of the category recognition test. None of the groups performed better in the intentional than the incidental conditions on any of the other tests. The data were interpreted as implying that amnesic patients do not benefit from intentional learning conditions in tests of memory for contextual stimuli.

Alcohol Amnestic Disorder↗
PubMed1983

A technique for promoting robust free recall in chronic organic amnesia.

A learning technique was developed for chronically amnesic subjects which linked word-list items in a novel manner utilizing ridiculously-imaged-stories (RIS). By the 8th week of once-weekly 45 minute training sessions with RIS the five amnesic subjects were able to freely recall an average of 14 items from a 20-item list after a 1-week interval, but showed minimal recall after the same interval of another 20-word list that had been concurrently learned in a cued, modified free-recall condition. The effective RIS technique producing this robust recall combines stimuli embedded in a novel-arousing context with high-imagery, storyline, cuing, and spaced repetition. The net effect of this technique is interpreted as providing artificial "chunks" that can be encoded and transferred relatively normally into long-term memory.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A verbal semantic deficit in the alcoholic Korsakoff syndrome.

A test designed to assess the adequacy of knowledge about specific words, presumed to be well established in long-term storage, was administered to 5 alcoholic Korsakoff patients, 3 post-trauma amnesics, and 5 normal controls. The 400 question true/false test tapped knowledge of basic and obscure attributes and functions of 25 noun-concepts. The data indicate that traumatic amnesics made more total errors than Korsakoff amnesics, who in turn made more errors than normals. However, Korsakoffs made a greater proportion of errors on basic-knowledge items than the other groups. It is concluded that semantic organization is impaired in both amnesic groups, although differently. The post-trauma error pattern suggests a uni-factor deficit while the Korsakoff pattern suggests a multifactor deficit.

Adult↗