Biomedical subjects

E Gonera

Publications and source records attributed to E Gonera.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

[Salmonellosis in Poland in 1999].

In 1999, 23,436 cases of salmonellosis were reported to the sanitary epidemiological stations, incidence rate = 60.6 per 100,000 population. The cases occurred throughout the year, but the seasonal peak was noted in July and August. More than 75% of cases were laboratory confirmed by isolation Salmonella strains (56 serotypes). 75 serotypes were identified by bacteriological testing of different groups of persons (ill and healthy). The most frequent serotype--S. Enteritidis: was identified in specimens taken from 92% of cases and 75% of Salmonella infected healthy persons. Other serotypes--Typhimurium, Infantis, Hadar and Virchow, caused 5% Salmonella cases only. Nearly 63% of patients were hospitalized. As in the previous years, children aged five and less comprised the most affected age group (347.3/100,000). The extraintestinal manifestations were observed in 55 patients with at least one non-fecal specimen culture-positive for non-typhoidal Salmonella. Half of the patients had immunocompromising conditions. Five of those patients died.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

[Dysentery in Poland in 1999].

The year 1999 was the consecutive year of decrease in the number of cases notified as dysentery. Only 292 cases were notified and incidence rate was 0.76/100,000 inhabitants, while in 1998, 555 cases (incidence rate 1.44/100,000) were notified. Three death cases of old persons in their 79, 85 and 88 were notified as dysentery, all three in one house of social care in Pomerania region. Half of the cases were sporadic ones but half was found in 4 institutional outbreaks. Three outbreaks were due to S. sonnei infection, and one to S. flexneri 4a. S. sonnei was the dominant aetiological agent in 80% of all dysentery cases and S. flexneri was the next (20%). S. boydii and S. dysentery were not isolated. All S. flexneri strains were susceptible to nitriofuran drugs (nitrofuroxaside), amoxycillin with clavulonic acid, cefalosporin, nalidixid acid and chloramphenicol, but were resistant to cotrimoxazole and tetracycline.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[Salmonellosis in 1998].

Gradual decrease of salmonellosis is observed in Poland since 1988. In 1998, 26,739 cases of salmonellosis were noted, incidence rate = 69.2 per 100,000 population. Above 80% of cases were laboratory confirmed by isolation Salmonella strains (57 serotypes). Laboratory-based surveillance led to the identification 82 serotypes among examined persons; the most frequent serotype was Enteritidis: 90% of cases and 70% of Salmonella infected healthy persons. Serotypes: Typhimurium, Virchow, Hadar and Infantis caused 6% Salmonella infections. Nearly 53% of patients were hospitalized. Like in the previous years, the most affected age group were children under five (361/100,000). The extraintestinal Salmonella infections were observed in 64 patients for whom at least 1 nonfecal specimen was culture-positive for non-typhoidal Salmonella. Twenty eight patients had positive blood cultures (26--Enteritidis, 2--Typhimurium). The other positive specimens included subdural fluid (3), pleural fluid (3), joint fluid (2), urine (11) and pus (15). Half of the patients had immunocompromising conditions. Other diseases contributed to infection, especially in older patients, who had hematologic and nonhematologic malignancy, lupus erythematosus, diabetes, cirrhosis. There were 11 deaths (17%).

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[Dysentery in 1998].

Since the year 1992 a dramatic decrease of dysentery cases notified every year has been observed in Poland. In 1994 the microbiological examination of diarrhoea stool specimens stopped to be free of charge. Dysentery started to be recognised only in the cases suspected as foodborne disease outbreak investigated for epidemiological reason. This practise influenced the change in the epidemiological feature of dysentery in 1998: increase of cases due to S. flexneri infection (all together 36% of cases) mostly serological type 4a, and decrease of cases due to S. sonnei infection (from 90% to 60%). There were no more summer-autumn seasonal increase in number of monthly registered dysentery cases in July-September but spring increase March-May was observed that is rather unusual in Poland. We suggest that free of charge microbiological examination of diarrhoea stool specimens should be reintroduced due to epidemiological interest--surveillance of infectious diseases.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

[Salmonellosis in 1997].

The gradual decline of number salmonellosis cases has observed since 1988. In 1997, 23,206 cases of salmonellosis were reported to the sanitary epidemiological stations in the whole country. Incidence rate was 60 per 100,000 inhabitants and was lower than 1996 and median 1991-1995 rates. Most of cases (19,611) was confirmed by isolation of Salmonella strains. The prevalent serotypes distributed at least in 30 of 49 voivodships, were: S. enteritidis (90% of all cases), S. typhimurium --3%, S. infantis--1.3%, S. virchow--1.2% and S. hadar--1%. Rates were highest in children aged under five years. The most serious clinical syndromes and complications were seen in the 49 oldest patients above 50 years old (septicaemia, meningitis, arthritis, osteomyelitis and abscesses). Five of them had died.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

[Dysentery in 1997].

Notifications of dysentery fell to their lowest yearly total since 1918. The 1997 total figure of 439 was 18% lower than in 1996 (534 cases) and of 1353 cases (75%) lower than the median yearly figure in 1991-95 (1894 cases). Incidence rate in 1997 was 1.1/100,000 inhabitance, the lowest ever notified. In 1996 incidence rate was 1.4 for 100,000 inhabitants and median incidence rate in 1991-1995 was 4.9. Dysentery was not diagnosed in 24% administrative regions of Poland. No case of dysentery has been notified in 5/49 regions, only one single patients in 7/49 regions. 80% of patients were children 0-19 years old. The highest incidence rate (15.0 per 100,000) was found in children 3 years old and in children 4 years old (8.9/100,000)-residents of towns. Only bacteriological confirmed Shigella infection was notified as dysentery. In 1997 bacteriological examination for such purpose stopped to be done free of charge. Except one outbreak dispensed in Wrocław all other outbreaks were limited to the children institution: schools, kindergartens or social care institutions. There were 12 outbreaks, 11 due to S. sonnei infection, and one to S. flexneri 1b. The quality control test performed by bacteriological laboratories of Sanitary Epidemiological Service revealed that not all of them used bacteriological media efficient for all types of Shigella.

Age Distribution↗

PubMed1998