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Biomedical subjects

E Gregersen

Publications and source records attributed to E Gregersen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

The U-elevator. A new manipulator for gynecologic laparoscopy.

A new uterine elevator/manipulator for gynecologic laparoscopy is described. The instrument is a u-formed tube with a cone for insertion into the uterus via the vagina. In the other end is a handle with a canal for instillation of fluid (dye). After insertion the handle is placed at the pubic area and the operation can be performed with the patient placed at a normal position on her back. The elevator can be handled by the surgeon without moving his hands outside the sterile area. No assistant is necessary. The u-form of the instrument allows the uterus to be moved in all directions facilitating the laparoscopic view and operation. At a study of 97 laparoscopies no difficulties concerning the insertion and use were found. The instrument was easy to handle and pertubation was possible in most cases. The U-elevator is found to be a good alternative to the existing elevators.

Female↗
PubMed1993

Brown's syndrome. A longitudinal long-term study of spontaneous course.

The prognosis for spontaneous improvement of Brown's syndrome has not yet been clarified. The present longitudinal long-term study comprised 10 patients with idiopathic Brown's syndrome arising or noticed during the first or second year of life. They were followed for an average of 13 years during which each had a mean of 9 examinations. Spontaneous improvement occurred in 9 of the patients, 3 of whom were cured, obtaining normal motility. All three cases had initially been permanent and monolateral, with initially mild, moderate, and severe restriction, respectively. In the remaining 6 patients who changed for the better, the spontaneous improvement consisted of a reduction of the initial hypotropia and the initial depression of the adducted eye. When the patients were last seen, the sensorial state of binocular vision demonstrated in 4 of the 10 normal binocularity, in 2 binocularity corresponding to microstrabismus, and in 4 alternating suppression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Prevalence of amblyopia in old people without previous screening and treatment. An evaluation of the present prophylactic procedures among children in Denmark.

An epidemiological study of amblyopia was performed among old people without previous screening and treatment. The study revealed a prevalence of 2.9% (strabismic in 2.3%, anisometropic in 0.6%). Present residual amblyopia among Danish school children is about 1% according to literature. The rate of cure of amblyopia by the present Danish system of prophylaxis and treatment is estimated to be 60-70%.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

The female condom. A pilot study of the acceptability of a new female barrier method.

The best available prevention against sexually transmitted diseases is limited to a consistent and correct use of a condom by the male. A new barrier method has been developed for the female. As it can be inserted into the vagina before sexual intercourse starts, and as it covers the entrance of the vagina, the opening of the urethra and the root of the penis, it is presumed to give a high degree of protection against sexually transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancy. The preliminary results concerning acceptability are promising, and further investigations concerning acceptability and efficacy are in progress or completed in several countries. The method should be regarded as one aspect in the pattern of protection, particularly suitable for females with sexual risk behavior.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Necrotizing sclerokeratitis following cataract extraction].

A number of cases of necrotic sclerokeratitis following eye surgery have been reported in recently published literature. The condition was presumably triggered by surgical inflammation and caused by localized occlusive vasculitis: in one case deposits of immune complexes in vessel walls were demonstrated. The authors report on three cases of necrotic sclerokeratitis which developed five to 16 months after uncomplicated cataract extraction. Clinical examination showed disappearance of vessels in affected sclera, together with tissue necrosis. None of the patients had any systemic immune disease and no immune complexes were found in biopsy material obtained from two eyes (of which one was enucleated and the other two healed under steroid treatment). In all three affected eyes cataract extraction was performed via a corneoscleral incision. In two of the three cases communicated here cataract extraction was performed in the fellow eye without any postoperative complications. Since postsurgical sclerokeratitis is presumably triggered by vascula inflammation, clear corneal incisions may be preferable to corneoscleral incisions in cases where immune reactions are anticipated.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Acanthamoeba keratitis, clinico-pathological report of 2 cases.

Acanthamoebae have in the last 14 years been reported to be responsible for severe keratitis in an increasing number of cases. To our knowledge this is the first report of acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) in Scandinavia. Two young males, both wearing soft contact lenses for extended wear, developed long lasting, therapy resistant keratitis. As the keratitis progressed to risk of perforation, keratoplasty was performed on the clinical, and in the one case biopsy-proven diagnosis of AK. Histopathology on the removed discs demonstrated the presence of typical acanthamoebae in the corneal stroma. The observation period after keratoplasty is at present 5 and 20 months, respectively. Both grafts have remained clear and visual acuity is 6/9-6/12 with glasses.

Acanthamoeba↗
PubMed1988

Treatment of age-related macular degeneration by laser photocoagulation. Visual results 2-8 weeks and 2-4 years after initial laser treatment.

Laser treatment with blue-green argon, green argon and/or krypton red was performed on 578 eyes in 443 patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The visual acuity was examined in all eyes 2 to 8 weeks after initial treatment and in 204 eyes in 167 patients 2 to 4 years after initial treatment. The short term results were as follow: 91/578 eyes (16%) had improved (greater than or equal to 2 lines on Snellen's charge or equivalent steps), 445/578 eyes (77%) remained unchanged and 42/578 eyes (7%) had deteriorated visual acuity (greater than or equal to 2 lines on Snellen's chart or equivalent steps). The reduction in visual acuity, may in about half of the 42 eyes be caused by too intensive laser application in the beginning of this study in 1983 and 1984 where treatment was applied with blue-green argon, which has now been abandoned. In the group with an observation time of 2 to 4 years, 42/204 eyes (21%) had improved, 119/204 eyes (58%) remained unchanged and 43/204 eyes (21%) had a deteriorated visual acuity. In the 204 eyes the subretinal neovascular lesion(s) were located extrafoveally in 52 eyes, juxtafoveally in 114 eyes and subfoveally in 38 eyes. It is to be pointed out, that even patients with a pre-laser visual acuity of 6/60 or worse obtained an improvement of visual acuity in 12/27 eyes. About 40% of the eyes needed re-treatment from 1 to 8 times. It is unknown whether the obtained results are to be considered marginal or more substantial.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

Prostaglandin vaginal suppositories in non pregnant women requiring cervical dilatation prior to hysteroscopy.

A randomized doubleblind investigation of prostaglandin vaginal suppositories prior to hysteroscopy was undertaken in 30 non-pregnant women. PGE2 in 14 of 15 treated patients we found a softening and a dilatation of the cervical canal, but with a relatively high frequency of side effects-nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. No serious bleeding or side effects were observed.

16,16-Dimethylprostaglandin E2↗
PubMed1987

Irreversible immune reactions following keratoplasty. Retrospective clinical and histological evaluation of graft failure in a material of 206 consecutive eyes.

A total of 16/206 eyes in 14/186 patients developed irreversible immune reactions. 15 of the rejected eyes belonged to the 'classical' risk groups, i.e. systemic immune disorders (3/3), metaherpetic keratitis (6/41), pseudophakic bullous keratopathy with inflammation (2/6), non herpetic keratitis with vessel invasion (1/23) and 3 regrafts not included in these groups (a total of 7/31 regrafted eyes rejected). Only 1 rejection occurred in the low-risk groups: an aphakic eye with bullous keratopathy. Histopathological examination revealed that discs which later developed irreversible immune reactions had invariably been grafted in eyes which had vascular invasion and/or inflammation of the recipient cornea. In all, 55/206 eyes ended up with opaque grafts, i.e. irreversible immune reactions were responsible for about one third to one-quarter of the graft failures in the present material. The irreversible immune reactions in the material must be considered 'minimum values', since possible abortive, torpid immune reactions may have escaped recording.

Cornea↗
PubMed1986

Ten years follow-up of surgery for intermittent exotropia.

Ten years post-operative follow-up of 25 consecutive patients with intermittent exotropia have been performed. 13/25 patients are at follow-up fine, that is small and symptom-free exoforia, good sensorial binocular functions of normal type, sufficient although subnormal fusional amplitude and never exotropia. 8/25 patients are fair, that is only occasionally momentary occurrence of exotropia and binocular complaints. 4/25 patients are orthoptically poor (suppression on all tests), but without complaints. Eye position is on a whole unchanged for distance, whereas exodeviation has increased about 10 PD for near during the 10 years post-operative observation time (no orthoptic treatment in this period). 22/25 patients indicated spontaneously at the follow-up examination that they considered their squint cured. None of the patients had cosmetic or functional restrictions in jobs or studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Ovarian cyst fenestration via the laparoscope. A laparoscopic method for treatment of non-neoplastic ovarian cysts.

A laparoscopic method of managing macroscopically benign, unilateral, unilocular, mobile, translucent, and smooth-walled ovarian cysts in women of reproductive age is described. The method requires the cutting of a window in the cyst wall through the laparoscope fenestration. In preference to aspiration at laparoscopy or removal at laparotomy, this method has the advantage of ensuring histologic material as well as permanent drainage by the use of atraumatic surgical technique. Nineteen cysts were fenestrated laparoscopically. Four cysts could not be classified, two owing to lack of histologic material, two owing to malpreparation of the selected cyst tissue. In one case an epithelial cyst--a mucinous cystadenoma, being laparoscopically unsuspected--was fenestrated. One cyst recurred. By observing the above criteria it is possible and tolerably safe to select non-neoplastic cysts, for which fenestration should be reserved.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Particulate contamination in eye surgery.

Flushing fluid from microsponges (surgical spears) and solutions for irrigation (balanced salt solution and Ringer solution) as well as other medicaments for intraocular use during surgery (solutions of Zolyse, solutions of Miochol and Healon) have been examined for particulate contamination. The method used to collect and analyse the particles involved scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive analysis of X-ray (EDAX) in order to determine elements within the range of atomic number 9-93 in the periodic system. The investigation disclosed particulate contamination of all solutions examined. Particle number (greater than 5 microns) per ml varied from 15 to 400 and the size from 5 microns-800 microns. Microsponges released particles in numbers from 25-90 in a size range of 5-3000 microns per ml flushing fluid (Total flushing volume 20 ml). More than half of the particles were below 10 microns in all specimens examined. The irrigation solutions and solutions of medicaments contained only few particles above 40 microns. Most of the particles were of organic material which is not detectable with EDAX. This analytical system disclosed a wide range of inorganic elements, being present in the examined solution in the form of particles or as solutes.

Drug Contamination↗