Biomedical subjects

E Gudmand-Höyer

Publications and source records attributed to E Gudmand-Höyer.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1978

Lactose malabsorption after bypass operation for obesity.

After bypass operation for obesity the remaining lactose-hydrolyzing capacity of the functioning shunt is very low, especially if the shunt is constructed from a shorter jejunal and a longer ileal segment. In most cases a temporary decrease in the lactase activity of the jejunal part of the shunt occurs during the first postoperative months. In the present study lactose provoked or aggravated diarrhoea and other symptoms in 20 of 33 shunt-operated patients, and 10 patients reported milk intolerance postoperatively. Oral glucose tolerance tests indicated that the lactase activity was rate limiting for lactose absorption postoperatively.

Diarrhea↗

PubMed1977

A pragmatic trial of cimetidine in duodenal ulcer patients.

Fifty-eight outpatients with a clinical and radiological diagnosis of duodenal ulcer completed a double-blind randomized trial of the effect of cimetidine on ulcer symptoms. Patients normally treated in general practice were included in the trial. The patients in the treatment group received cimetidine 1 g daily and the controls received inactive tablets. The treatment period was four weeks. During the last nine days 18 (60%) of 30 cimetidine-treated patients were symptom-free against 5 (18%) of 28 controls (P less than 0.005). The antacid consumption, the number of days with pain and the number of hours with pain also differed significantly in the two groups. Apart from a transient rash in one patient no important clinical side-effects were noted. The serum creatinine rose slightly in the cimetidine-treated patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

The effect of sucrose malabsorption on the growth pattern in children.

The clinical significance of sucrose malabsorption in 7 children (5 danish, 2 greenlandic)is discussed. the principal symptom was chronic, watery diarrhea, but meteorismand crying spells were frequent symptoms. the attacks of diarrhea started at thetime sucrose was introduced into the diet. treatment with a diet poor in sucroseled to immediate relief of all symptoms. charts of the growth pattern were drawnup in 5 cases, and they showed a relative increase in weight and length as a result of dietetic treatment, although the values for both length and weight were within the normal range when treatment was commenced.

Blood Glucose↗

PubMed1976

Nosography of X-ray negative dyspepsia.

The clinical pictures of 109 patients with X-ray negative dyspepsia (XND) are described, and a comparison is made with the clinical pictures of 39 gastric ulcer patients and 61 duodenal ulcer patients. In addition it has been attempted to subdivide XND into clinically relevant subgroups by means of a Venn diagram. The XND patients were characterized by an equal sex distribution and, in comparison with the ulcer patients, a shorter length of history. The upper abdominal pain was less frequently relieved by eating and more frequently provoked by eating in XND than in ulcer disease. The XND patients also suffered more frequently from irritable colon symptoms. Endoscopy only revealed an ulcer in 11 patients with XND, and the clinical pictures of these patients differed from those of patients with radiologically demonstrated ulcers. The clinical pictures of XND are further analysed in the context of current hypotheses, and it is concluded that Venn diagrams are useful for the analysis of heterogeneous clinical syndromes.

Abdomen↗

PubMed1975

The small intestinal disaccharidase activity in ulcerative colitis.

In 12 patients suffering from ulcerative colitis the small-intestinal disaccharidase activity has been determined during an acute exacerbation of the disease as well as after remission. The lactase activity was significantly lower during the acute stage. No case of transitoric lactose malabsorption was found.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1975

The incidence of lactose malabsorption in ulcerative colitis.

120 Danish patients with ulcerative colitis, admitted consecutively to a Department of Gastroenterology, were investigated for lactose malabsorption. The prevalence was 9.2 percent, which is not significantly higher than that in a mixed Danish gastroenterological material, There was no difference in distribution according to age and sex, and the incidence was not correlated to the severity of the ulcerative colitis. The possible reasons for the wide variation in the incidence of lactose malabsorption in materials of patients with ulcerative colitis are discussed, and it is concluded that the main cause must be that the materials with the highest incidence include patients of races and ethnic groups in which lactose malabsorption is a common finding.

Adult↗

PubMed1975

Intestinal disaccharidases in Greenland Eskimos.

Jejunal biopsies from 19 adult Greenland Eskimos were studied regarding disaccharidases, two intracellular beta-galactosidases, and morphological appearance. Fifteen of the patients (79%) had low lactase activity, and 3 of these (16%) had sucrase-isomaltase deficiency as well. Two patients had low trehalase activity. Microscopical appearance was essentially normal in all the biopsies, except for a certain stromal plasma cell infiltration. All the patients with low lactase activity had a measurable residual activity of brush border lactase, which was localized in the middle and apical parts of villi, as normally seen for digestive enzymes. Lysosomal acid beta-galactosidase and cytosol hetero beta-galactosidase were not altered. In the patients with sucrase-isomaltase deficiency there was a complete absence of active sucrase-isomaltase complex. The residual maltase, as well as the very weak residual isomaltase, was exerted exclusively by the heat stable maltases (maltase II and III). The material is the first one in which multiple, but not generalized disaccharidase deficiencies are demonstrated.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1975

Distribution of disaccharidases, alkaline phosphatase, and some intracellular enzymes along the human small intestine.

The longitudinal distribution of various enzymes along the human small intestine was studied by analysis of biopsies from different parts of the small intestine, obtained from 13 patients during shunt-operation for severe obesity. Alkaline phosphatase and 3 glycolytic enzyme activities studied were rather uniformly distributed along the small intestine. Acid beta-galactosidase and hetero beta-galactosidase activities were highest in the proximal small intestine with a gradual decline throughout the intestine. The activity in the distal ileum was about half of the maximum activity. Maltase, isomaltase, sucrase, and trehalase activity had a broad maximum in the proximal and middle small intestine with a rather sharp decrease in the distal ileum. Lactase activity had a more pronounced maximum in the middle intestine with a pronounced decrease towards the proximal and distal ends. The disaccharidase activities in surgical biopsies taken 5 cm distal to the ligament of Treitz were about 10% higher than in peroral biopsies taken just at the ligament.

Adult↗

PubMed1975

Disaccharidase activities in intestinal metaplasia - contribution of lysosomal brush border enzymes.

Maltase, sucrase, and lactase were measured at pH 4 and pH 6 in normal and intestinalized gastric mucosa. In the normal mucosa the low activities of maltase and lactase seemed to be entirely due to lysosomal enzymes with acid pH-optimum. In intestinal metaplasia, brush border maltase and sucrase, but not lactase, appeared. On the other hand, there was a significant increase in lysosomal lactase (beta-galactosidase) activity.

Disaccharidases↗

PubMed1974