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Biomedical subjects

E Gugler

Publications and source records attributed to E Gugler.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[The course of pregnancy in a representative Swiss population (the Aarau Pregnancy and Newborn Infant Study). I. Social medicine aspects].

Excluding multiple births, a cohort of 996 Swiss mothers was interviewed upon admission to the labour ward regarding the overall course of pregnancy, illnesses, disorders, use of drugs, and nicotine and alcohol consumption. During the postnatal stay at the hospital additional information on socioeconomic background, mental and physical stress and the pattern of medical care during pregnancy was obtained. The data are presented and compared with analogous data on the entire female population of the same age group in Switzerland and with epidemiologic reviews of pregnancy events from other countries. This group of pregnant women represents a cross-section of the average mixed small town and rural population of German-speaking Switzerland. The socioeconomic conditions for motherhood appear favorable, though the percentage of women from lower socioeconomic classes was lower than in the general population. Employment during pregnancy had no influence on birthweight and neonatal morbidity, in contrast to chronic physical and emotional stress. On average the women had eight medical checkups during pregnancy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Clinical effect of rectal application of suprofen in children. An open controlled study.

Antipyretic effect, tolerability, and acceptance of alpha-methyl-4-(2-thienylcarbonyl)-phenyl acetic acid (suprofen, Suprol) suppositories were tested in an open study including 90 hospitalized children with fever of various etiology. The mean rectal temperature prior to treatment was 39.3 degrees C. The dose regimen was chosen depending upon the body weight: Up to 4 suppositories were administered for maximally 4 days. Body temperature as well as pulse and respiratory rates were recorded prior to insertion of the suppository and 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 h following first application of the preparation. Regardless of sex and age the temperature was reduced in 85.5% of the cases; as compared to the initial values this reduction was after first application statistically significant at all rating times. The only adverse reaction - vomiting - was seen in 3 cases.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed1984

[Hereditary erythrocyte pyruvate kinase abnormality: another kindred from Aargau Canton].

A Swiss family with abnormal red cell pyruvate kinase is described. In two new-born siblings the red cell defect was responsible for marked hyperbilirubinemia. At the present time both children have compensated hemolysis and are clinically healthy. The abnormal enzyme is unstable and has a decreased Hill coefficient and a decreased substrate affinity. It is different from two other enzyme variants found in the same area.

Erythrocytes↗
PubMed1984

Varicella and herpes zoster in immunosuppressed children: preliminary results of treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin.

Seven immunosuppressed children with varicella and two with herpes zoster were treated with large intravenous doses of polyvalent, intact immunoglobulin (IgG i.v.). In all patients the treatment was effective for controlling fever and skin lesions and for preventing progression and complications, even if this therapy was started late and/or if the patient was severely lymphopenic . More IgG was needed to control disseminated than less advanced varicella. No untoward effects of IgG therapy were observed. The preliminary results suggest that in future trials i.v. IgG should be used for comparison with antiviral agents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Automatic blood smear differentiation using the Coulter Electronics Diff 3-50 system].

The Coulter Electronics Diff 3-50 consists of a slide spinner, a slide stainer and a cell classifier. The cell analyzer is composed of an optical system with a microscope, microprocessor, video camera and printer. The system used in this laboratory is supplemented by a video monitor. The Diff 3-50 analyzes blood cells according to the classical criteria used in hematology. It classifies 11 types of nucleated blood cells and it processes an average of 45 blood smears per hour. It features a visual control of each cell classified with a built-in mechanism for change of classification by the operator if necessary. Moreover, the system estimates leukocyte and platelet count and generates a quantitative estimate of platelet number. Blood smears of 507 blood samples from patients admitted to the hospital were included in the present study. They were analyzed twice, first by the Diff 3-50, and secondly by visual checking of the automatic classification of each cell. The results of the two procedures were then compared. The findings indicate an overall false negative error of 1.4% and an overall false positive error of 4.3%. Major differences were found, though not consistently, only when the classification by the Diff 3-50 of the band neutrophils was compared with the visual classification performed by the operator. Lymphocytes and monocytes correlated well when both procedures were compared. Blasts present in 5 blood smears were recognized by the classifier. The Diff 3-50 identified immature granulocytes in 47 out of 48 cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Cell Count↗
PubMed1983

[Acute osteomyelitis in childhood. A follow-up of predominantly conservatively treated children].

The disease course in 76 children with acute osteomyelitis treated at the Pediatric Hospital, Aarau between 1970 and 1979 was followed as regards etiology, clinical symptoms, laboratory and radiologic findings, choice of antibiotics, duration of therapy and outcome. 65 children had acute hematogenous osteomyelitis and 11 children an exogenous form. 4 children (6.1%) with acute hematogenous and 4 children (36%) with exogenous osteomyelitis underwent surgery. 75 of the 76 patients were followed up for an average of 5.6 years. 14 patients (18.7%) had sequelae but only 6 patients (8%) had a deficit in function. Neonates were a special risk. 8 of the total of 18 neonates (44.5%) had sequelae, 3 with functional deficit. In older children the risk of sequelae was 9.8%. This study shows that mainly conservative therapy for acute osteomyelitis in childhood gives just as good rates of healing and a similar incidence of sequelae as in surgically treated patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Pregnancy and delivery in a woman with mucoviscidosis].

The first known case of a 20-year-old cystic fibrosis patient in Switzerland, ending at 40 weeks' gestation in delivery by cesarean section performed under peridural anesthesia is presented. Obstetric care of the patient was complicated by pneumonia during the 31st week of pregnancy. The epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical symptoms of cystic fibrosis, the problems anticipated during pregnancy, delivery and childbed in patients with cystic fibrosis, and the questions surrounding therapeutic abortion and contraceptive counseling are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The incidence of coeliac disease in children in Switzerland.

In the pediatric hospitals and clinics of Zurich, St. Gallen, Winterthur, Aarau and Lucerne, 488 cases of coeliac disease have been found in children born between 1960 and 1978. The diagnosis was established clinically and confirmed by intestinal biopsy in each case. The data of coeliac patients diagnosed before 1966 and after 1975 has proven to be unreliable for statistical evaluation and were omitted from our calculations. During the years 1966-1975, 354 patients with confirmed coeliac disease and 412733 live births were registered. This corresponds, for the symptomatic coeliac disease, to an incidence of 1:1165 in the Northeastern part of Switzerland. A statistical analysis of the data confirmed its validity and the lack of trends during the period of study.

Celiac Disease↗
PubMed1981

Low- and high-risk non-T and non-B and T-cell acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) in childhood: different duration of remission and survival.

In a prospective, nonrandomized trial clinical (initial WBC and chest film) and immunological (surface immunoglobulin and rosetting with pretreated sheep red blood cells) criteria were used to stratify 69 children with previously untreated acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL). Forty of 61 evaluable patients had low-risk ALL (initial WBC less than or equal to 20,000/mm3, no mediastinal mass) and were treated less intensively. Twenty-one of 61 patients had high-risk ALL (initial WBC greater than 20,000/mm3 and/or mediastinal mass) and were treated more intensively. Of the high-risk patients 15 had non-T non-B and 6 T ALL. Sixty of 61 patients went into complete remission. After a median observation period of 27 months, 32 of 40 low-risk, 7 of 14 high-risk non-T non-B, and none of 6 high-risk T ALL patients were in continuous first remission. Thirty-six of 40 low-risk, 9 of 15 high-risk non-T non-B, and none of 6 T ALL patients were alive. Despite more intensive treatment, the duration of remission and the survival were significantly shorter in the high-risk than in the low-risk patients. Among the high-risk ALL, non-T non-B ALL did better than T ALL.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Increased risk of diabetes mellitus in beta- thalassemia major due to iron overload.

Frequent transfusions improve the general well being in patients with beta-thalassemia major but carry the risk of iron intoxication including the development of diabetes mellitus. Of 22 patients with beta-thalassemia major (age 3-17 years) only 3 had a normal oral glucose tolerance. The remainder had either borderline or moderately pathological glucose curves. The mean glucose concentration was increased, and the mean insulin concentration and insulin/glucose ratio were diminished. In contrast to the oral test, the i.v. glucose tolerance test gave pathological results in only 2 of 16 patients tested. The i.v. glucose test thus may be less selective than the oral test. The mean insulin concentration was lower also after intravenous glucose, but the early insulin peak was preserved. Arginine infusion led to a normal insulin and growth hormone release. This moderate impairment of insulin release found in most of the patients leaves the hope that an efficient chelating therapy scheme might reverse beta-cell dysfunction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma in children].

Nonketotic hyperosmolar diabetic coma is a rare manifestation of juvenile diabetes, in contrast to adult onset diabetes. To date only 20 cases have been published, the majority of them infants and toddlers. This type of diabetic coma is seen with unusual frequency in children with Down's syndrome and psychomotor retardation. The clinical picture is characterised by severe dehydration, hyperglycemia with often extremely high blood sugar levels, hyperosmolarity and glucosuria without ketonuria. Mortality in children has been high (24%). This paper reports the case of a 14-month-old girl with Down's syndrome. Clinical and therapeutic as well as pathogenetic aspects are discussed.

Diabetic Coma↗
PubMed1976

Generalized gangliosidosis: acid beta-galactosidase deficiency with early onset, rapid mental deterioration and minimal bone dysplasia.

This report concerns a 3-month-old girl with rapidly progressive psychomotor retardation, hepatomegaly, vacuolated lymphocytes, minimal bone dysplasia and normal excretion of acid mucopolysaccharides. A deficiency of acid beta-galactosidase was demonstrated in isolated leucocytes and in a liver biopsy. The diagnosis of generalized gangliosidosis due to deficiency of beta-galactosidase was also based on the absence of the enzyme activity from cultured fibroblasts. The diagnosis was confirmed on autopsy at 16 months by typical histology, electron microscopy and biochemistry of the organs. beta-galactosidase deficiency has been demonstrated in various clinical conditions ranging from generalized gangliosidosis with severe mental retardation to clinical pictures resembling Morquio's disease and normal intelligence. The heterogeneity of the clinical manifestations in beta-galactosidase deficiency could be explained by different residual activities of a structurally mutated enzyme towards its various substrates.

Bone Diseases, Developmental↗
PubMed1976

Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, corneal clouding, normal intelligence and acid beta-galactosidase deficiency.

A 14-year-old girl with a unique type of progressive spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, corneal clouding, and no evidence of neurological abnormality, was found to have a remarkable deficiency of acid beta-galactosidase activity in cultured skin fibroblasts and in leucocyte preparations. In fibroblasts, ganglioside GM1 beta-galactosidase activity averaged 7% of the normal mean while asialofetuin beta-galactosidase and 4-methylumbe lifery-beta-galactosidase averaged 1.4% and 3.5%, respectively. Activities for all three substrates in leucocytes from both her parents were close to 50% of the normal mean indicating that the patient is homozygous for a mutation (or mutations) affecting GM1 beta-galactosidase.

Adolescent↗