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Biomedical subjects

E H Moore

Publications and source records attributed to E H Moore.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Differentiation of volume averaging and mass on magnetic resonance images of the mediastinum.

Volume averaging of high intensity mediastinal fat and low intensity flowing blood in mediastinal vessels can mimic a mediastinal mass on magnetic resonance (MR) images of the chest. However, when different repetition times (TR) are used to perform two imaging sequences, volume averaging can be distinguished from true disease, since the ratio of intensities of mediastinal fat, which is volume averaged, to nonvolume-averaged fat will remain relatively constant on a pair of images obtained using different TR times. Mediastinal masses, on the other hand, will exhibit predictable alterations in intensity relative to fat with changing TR.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Magnetic resonance imaging of benign mediastinal masses.

Eight patients who had benign mediastinal masses underwent CT and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The intensity difference between mass and surrounding mediastinal fat was greater on MR than CT images. Although the masses were clearly identified with both modalities, delineation of a mass from surrounding mediastinal structures was better with CT. Heterogeneity on CT and MR images was a prominent feature of most larger benign mediastinal masses, although this should not be considered indicative of benignity. These benign mediastinal masses were best demonstrated on MR images obtained using a long TR and short TE. In general, the MR studies provided information comparable to but not identical to that of CT scanning. The viewing of mediastinal masses using a variety of TR and TE imaging parameters appeared to be an important aspect of the MR studies.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1984

Magnetic resonance imaging of the normal and abnormal pulmonary hila.

Magnetic resonance (MR) images of the hila were reviewed in 25 normal subjects and 12 patients with unilateral or bilateral hilar masses. On spin echo MR images in normal patients, collections of soft tissue large enough to be confused with an abnormally enlarged lymph node were seen in three locations. In patients with a hilar mass, the mass was differentiated from hilar vasculature more easily using MR than contrast-enhanced CT. In five of these patients, hilar lymph nodes approximately 1 cm in diameter were easily seen using MR, but were difficult or impossible to appreciate prospectively on CT. However, because the spatial resolution of MR is inferior to that of CT, bronchi were difficult to evaluate using MR. In general, images obtained with a short TR (0.5 sec) provided the best definition of mediastinal extension of the hilar mass, and images with a longer TR (1.5 to 2.0 sec) provided a better signal-to-noise ratio and showed increased signal strength from hilar masses. Electrocardiographic-gated images showed better resolution of hilar structures but may not be necessary for large masses.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Experimental pulmonary emboli detected using magnetic resonance.

Experimental pulmonary emboli that were labelled with non-magnetic barium threads and produced using aminocaproic acid were introduced into the internal jugular veins of five dogs. Transverse axial magnetic resonance (MR) images (0.35 T, 15 MHz) and CT scans (2.0 or 4.8 seconds, G.E. 9800 or 8800 scanner) were obtained from the lung apex to base in each animal. The MR images were gated to the cardiac cycle, and spin echo techniques were used (TR = gated to the cardiac cycle; TE = 28 and 56 msec). Nineteen sites of embolism were determined from the CT scans. Two observers, who had no knowledge of the number or position of the emboli, individually assessed the MR images and marked the sites of emboli on clear acetate overlays. Each observer detected 12 of 19 emboli (63%) and each had one false positive result. Of the 19 emboli, six were central or parahilar and 13 were in the outer two thirds of the lungs. Three (first observer) or four (second observer) of the seven false negative results were central. In retrospect, two central emboli were mistaken for hilar fat. One peripheral embolus was not visible, even in retrospect. The potential for MR to demonstrate relatively small pulmonary emboli has been shown. Clinical trials in patients seem warranted.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Pulmonary embolus: detection and follow-up using magnetic resonance.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of an angiographically confirmed pulmonary embolus was performed. The thrombus appeared as an intense intraluminal signal within the left descending pulmonary artery; this signal was absent on repeat examination after clot lysis. Because MR will not image flowing blood, it provides a potential method of non-invasive identification of stationary emboli within the pulmonary vascular tree.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Legionnaires' disease in the renal transplant patient: clinical presentation and radiographic progression.

The clinical presentation and radiographic progression of Legionnaires' disease is described in 10 renal transplant patients, the majority undergoing treatment for rejection. Presentation with pleuritic chest pain, fever, hypoxia, and hemoptysis was typical and in some cases led to confusion with pulmonary embolism. The radiographic appearance was that of rapidly progressive, dense, sublobar consolidation, occasionally showing patchy spread to other areas and usually accompanied by pleural effusion. Cavitation occurred in seven of 10 patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Coronal magnetic resonance imaging of the chest: normal and abnormal.

In order to determine the value of coronal magnetic resonance (MR) in diagnosing thoracic abnormalities, the multisection coronal spin echo MR images were reviewed of 10 normal subjects and 20 patients with thoracic abnormalities. In the abnormal patients, coronal images were compared with transaxial MR images obtained with TR values of 0.5 and 2.0 sec. In general, coronal imaging was of value in several situations. It allowed structures oriented in the coronal plane to be imaged along their longitudinal axes, provided an additional perspective and increased the confidence of diagnosis, and helped clarify anatomic relationships difficult or impossible to resolve on transaxial images because of volume averaging. Specifically, coronal images were sometimes superior to transaxial images in evaluating the aorticopulmonary window and masses at the lung apex or base. Transaxial images were often superior in evaluating the pretracheal space, subcarinal space, and hili. Within the pulmonary hili, lateral hilar masses were better defined on coronal images than were anterior or posterior hilar masses. Coronal images obtained with a TR of 1.0 sec (10 sections) allow evaluation of most node-bearing mediastinal compartments and provide adequate mass/fat contrast.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Evaluation of magnetic resonance sequences in imaging mediastinal tumors.

Ten patients having a mediastinal tumor were studied with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using from two to four imaging sequences. Seven had bronchial carcinoma and three had benign lesions. The sequences included the spin-echo technique with repetition time (TR) values of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 sec and echo time (TE) values of 28 and 56 msec, and the inversion-recovery technique. The signal-intensity ratios of the mediastinal mass and mediastinal fat, which are a measure of image contrast, were compared for the different imaging sequences. Also signal-to-noise ratios were measured relative to both mediastinal fat and mediastinal mass. With spin-echo imaging, decreasing the TR value resulted in an increase in mass/fat contrast in all patients, making the masses easier to detect, but this also resulted in decreased signal-to-noise ratios. Inversion-recovery imaging with the sequence used resulted in a greatly increased mass/fat contrast, because of a relative decrease in signal from the mass. However, in two of four patients studied with this technique, the mass was so low in intensity that it could not be distinguished from the trachea or mediastinal vessels, and in one of these four, a lung nodule was also invisible. Spin-echo imaging with both short and long TR values provides good tissue contrast and good signal-to-noise ratios.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1979

A simple technique for harvesting lymphocytes cultured in Terasaki plates.

A simple method has been developed for harvesting lymphocytes from Terasaki microplates based on a culture technique where the plates are inverted and the cells grown on the hanging meniscus of the medium in each well. Sixty individual filter discs were prepared in wells in a polycarbonate harvesting plate. A dry Terasaki plate was used to cut these filters with the harvester acting as a die. The inverted culture plate was then lowered onto the harvester to allow the cells on the meniscus from each well to be absorbed on the appropriate filter disc. The culture plate was then discarded and the cells on the filters washed in the harvester. The wash solutions were removed by suction through holes below each filter. The time taken to harvest the cultures from 60 wells of a plate was 3--5 min.

Cell Separation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sagittal MR imaging of the chest: normal and abnormal.

To determine the value of sagittal magnetic resonance (MR) in diagnosing thoracic abnormality, we reviewed the multisection sagittal spin-echo MR images of 13 normal subjects and 23 patients with a variety of thoracic abnormalities. In the abnormal subjects sagittal images were compared with transaxial MR performed with repetition time values of both 0.5 and 2.0 s. Sagittal images were most helpful in the evaluation of structures lying in the sagittal plane such as the thoracic aorta. Mediastinal masses in most locations were better seen and evaluated in the transaxial plane. However, the relationship of subcarinal masses to the trachea, left atrium, and pulmonary artery was better appreciated in the sagittal plane. The relationship of hilar masses to hilar vessels, bronchi, and the mediastinum was usually better seen on transaxial images. Also, the relationship of paramediastinal masses to the mediastinum was difficult to evaluate with sagittal scans.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The costal cartilages in health and disease.

The costal margin, although imaged in many routine radiologic examinations, has been ignored in the radiology literature. Calcification of the costal cartilages follows gender-related patterns and is generally not evident radiographically until after the age of 30 years. Diffuse enlargement of the costochondral junctions may alert the astute observer to the presence of systemic diseases such as acromegaly and rickets. Focal masses have a subtle appearance on plain radiographs and may be better imaged with computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging. Chondrosarcoma of the costal margin typically appears as an expansile mass with coarse calcifications and an associated soft-tissue mass. Radiographic and CT features of costochondritis include chondral enlargement or destruction, low-attenuation cartilage at CT, associated soft-tissue swelling, and localized peripheral cartilage calcification. There appears to be an association between heavy premature costal cartilage calcification and certain systemic conditions, such as malignancy, autoimmune disorders, chronic renal failure, and thyroid disease, particularly Graves disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis: CT and pathologic findings.

We present two cases that illustrate the appearance of pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis on high resolution CT. Both patients had numerous thin-walled cystic airspaces of varying sizes distributed diffusely throughout the lungs. Most of the lung parenchyma surrounding the cystic spaces was normal. This pattern correlated closely with the surgical and pathologic findings and is distinct from other diffuse lung diseases.

Adult↗