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Biomedical subjects

E Habermeyer

Publications and source records attributed to E Habermeyer.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Dis-social personality disorder].

Deviant behavior is gaining in clinical importance if it is founded on stable, characteristic, and enduring patterns of psychopathologically relevant personality traits which have their onset in childhood or adolescence. The classification of these traits shows variations, so that a distinction between the ICD-10 diagnosis of dis-social personality disorder, DSM-IV diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder, and the concept "psychopathy" is necessary. Our knowledge about the biological basis of antisocial behavior includes neurophysiologic, psychophysiologic, and genetic findings. Also relevant are results of neurotransmitter studies and structural resp. functional neuroimaging findings. Psychosocial risk factors include parental deficits, rejection, disregard, unstable relations, and abuse. Efficient psychotherapeutic treatment is cognitive-behavioral. Pharmacologic treatment is largely "off-label". The diagnosis of antisocial and dis-social personality disorders allows no conclusions on criminal responsibility. In addition to psychiatric diagnostics, considerations on the severity of the disorder and its effects on the ability to inhibit actions are necessary.

Antisocial Personality Disorder↗
PubMed2005

[Psychiatric aspects of plant poisonings].

Plant poisonings have been reported since ancient times. Despite this, little attention is paid to intoxications with herbal poisons by psychiatric literature and the danger from poisonous plants is commonly underestimated. This problem is discussed here, and advice for the prevention of plant poisonings and generally dealing with patients intoxicated by herbal poisons is given.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Psychiatric significance of stalking].

AIMS: To provide an overview on the psychiatric significance of stalking and the implications for the health care system. RESULTS: Stalking is a widespread phenomenon and can result in significant health care problems. CONCLUSION: In the future physicians will have to deal with this problem in a professional manner.

Crime↗
PubMed2004

[Regulation on preventive detention according to section sign 66 of the German Penal Code. Principles and differential indication compared with the regulation according to section sign 63 of the German Penal code].

Preventive detention is imposed by court order if a dangerous criminal shows a disposition to relapse. The negative criminal prognosis should be given by a psychiatric expert based on considerations about the criminal's personality traits. Matters of preventive detention are important for forensic psychiatry, but so far have rarely been discussed. This article presents related problems and offers-under special consideration of problematic personality traits or personality disorders-practical guidelines for expert testimony. Our considerations should serve as a thought-provoking stimulus for further psychiatric discussions about this topic.

Antisocial Personality Disorder↗
PubMed2004

[The term insight in forensic practice].

The paper comments the German legal and forensic-psychiatric positions regarding the complex and yet unsolved question of insight in the context of criminal responsibility. Possible restrictions of insight are discussed. Finally a solution is suggested, which connects the assessment of insight with the ability to declare a free will: Both terms deal with the predecisional cognitive and motivational foundation of acts. Insight is closely associated with the competence to constitute a free will. Symptoms and disorders which tend to disturb this ability can be assessed by psychopathological methods. Possible restrictions concern mental retardation, dementia, organic personality disorders, mental disorders with delusional ideation and residual states of schizophrenia.

Crime↗
PubMed2004

[Stalking: problems in differentiation between aberrant social behaviour and mental disorders].

The concept "stalking" refers to willful, malicious, and repeated following or harassment of another person that threatens her or his security. Although there is nothing new about the occurrence of this conduct it has been discussed in psychiatry more intensely in recent years. As a result there are a few attempts at classification, without any claim of general validity. Patterns of stalking behaviour reflect a wide spectrum from aggressive actions in the course of conflicts in a relationship to schizophrenia. Thus, it is not adequate to classify this as a psychiatric disorder per se. Thorough diagnostic assessments are mandatory before introducing legal measures, whereas if these are omitted, the term "mental disorder" may be inappropriately used in a wider sense. This may entail unfavourable consequences to be discussed in this paper.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Continuous mental disorder as a prerequisite for the loss of legal capacity].

German civil law differentiates between continuous and temporary mental disorder. Loss of legal capacity can only be ascertained if a continuous mental disorder is evident. Considering the far-reaching consequences of the loss of legal capacity, careful distinction between these two groups of disorders is necessary, but clear legal guidelines and unequivocal psychiatric statements are still lacking. The solution given here can assure the quality of expert testimony by taking into account the current diagnostic conventions of ICD-10 research criteria as well as relevant knowledge about clinical course and therapy of psychiatric disorders.

Disability Evaluation↗
PubMed2002

[Author reply].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Letter↗
PubMed2002

[A symptom oriented approach to evaluate legal capacity under account of the term will].

After summarising the legal requirements of contractual capacity, an attempt is made to define the term will with psychiatric conceptualisations. Possible restrictions of a free declaration of will are outlined. Symptoms, which possibly influence cognitive preconditions of will and personal values, are taken into account. Our considerations are supposed to improve orientation in this complex field and to contribute to the communication between psychiatric expert and the court. However, the analysis of each individual case remains essential.

Dementia↗
PubMed2002

["Stalking"--a popular conceptualisation of disturbing behaviour with limited practicability for forensic psychiatry].

Aspects of "stalking" behaviour have been discussed predominantly in the Anglo-American psychiatric literature. However following new legal regulations, "stalking" is expected to gain relevance for the German forensic psychiatry. "Stalkers" are a heterogeneous group presenting with a wide range of relational or even psychotic motives for their behaviour. Therefore careful diagnostics are required. Legal responsibility can be estimated by assessing the capacity of the offender to understand (cognitive functioning) and to control his behaviour (volitional functioning). The severity of possible restrictions can be assessed by comparing them to the known impairments in cases of erotomania.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[The internet as a delusional topic in paranoid schizophrenia].

Two patients with paranoid schizophrenia had delusions involving the internet. Additionally, one of them experienced computer databases as being distributed to other people in a phenomenologically similar way to that encountered in thought broadcasting. The presented cases illustrate the historical association of the contents of delusions in schizophrenia.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

WWW-based continuing medical education: how do general practitioners use it?

WWW-based Continuing Medical Education (CME) is assumed to have the potential to make up for shortcomings in traditional lifelong learning of General Practitioners (GPs). This is obvious for CME systems with accreditation and control of the individual GP's CME activities but seems less clear for non-controlled CME systems like in several European countries, e.g. Germany. This paper reports results from the evaluation of a German CME website by 59 GPs (internet experience of 20 months on average) during a 4-months period. GPs mainly learned at home after work, with 46% of the GPs visiting the website at least once per month. Self-study and information seeking accounted for 58% of the activities, while communication and interaction were used infrequently. 77% of the GPs judged less but detailed information on selected topics more important than being able to access many but broad contents. GPs mostly prefer established means of learning and communication. It is concluded that the GPs' self-directed individual learning mainly needs high-quality information and well-structured collections of existing relevant WWW resources. Communication, virtual community building and sophisticated interactivity are of little importance at present. WWW-based CME complements existing CME activities, especially regarding individual information seeking on focused problems.

Computer Literacy↗
PubMed1999

Psychopathological, neuroendocrine and autonomic effects of 3,4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDE), psilocybin and d-methamphetamine in healthy volunteers. Results of an experimental double-blind placebo-controlled study.

The aim of this study was to contribute to the characterization of the entactogen (ecstasy) substance group. The psychopathological, neuroendocrine and autonomic effects of common recreational doses of the entactogen 3,4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDE), the hallucinogen psilocybin, the stimulant d-methamphetamine and placebo were investigated in a double-blind study with healthy volunteers (n = 32). Psychological effects of the drugs were assessed by means of standardized rating scales, self assessment inventories and free descriptions. The most characteristic effects of MDE were pleasant emotional experiences of relaxation, peacefulness, content and closeness to others. However, significant stimulant and hallucinogen-like effects were also present, although the latter were weaker than the effects of psilocybin. MDE elicited the strongest endocrine and autonomic effects among the three drugs, including robust rises of serum cortisol and prolactin, elevations of blood pressure and heart rate, and a moderate, but significant rise of body temperature. The apparent contrast between psychological and autonomic effects (subjective relaxation versus physical activation) was a unique feature of the MDE state. Our findings are in line with both users' reports and results from previous experimental studies, and support the view that entactogens constitute a distinct psychoactive substance class taking an intermediate position between hallucinogens and stimulants.

3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine↗