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Biomedical subjects

E Hammond

Publications and source records attributed to E Hammond.

48 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Relapsed Wilms' tumor. Factors affecting survival and cure.

To identify factors contributing to extended survival among patients with relapsed Wilms' tumor, we assessed 10 clinical and biologic variables thought to have predictive value. With a median follow-up of 6 years, 32 (20%) of 156 patients who achieved complete remission have relapsed. Twenty-four have died with recurrent tumor, and eight are surviving for 2 to 12 years from diagnosis. Only time to relapse, or length of initial complete remission, had a significant influence on survival. Of 11 patients with complete remissions lasting longer than 12 months, six have died--compared with seven of 10 having remissions of 6 to 12 months and 11 of 11 with shorter remissions (p = 0.014). Surgery alone was the curative therapy in three of the eight surviving patients. Until more effective chemotherapy regimens are developed, an aggressive surgical approach may be indicated in selected patients with relapsed Wilms' tumor.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1985

Electron microscopy of body fluids.

Transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy are complementary techniques; the former is useful for examining the fine internal structural detail of tissue and cell surfaces and the latter is useful for studying three-dimensional configurations. The methods and findings of transmission and scanning electron microscopic study of effusions are summarized, and their practical application in routine clinical work is assessed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

The value of computerized tomography as a routine follow-up procedure for patients with Wilms' tumor.

We performed routine computerized tomography (CT) of the chest and abdomen on patients treated for Wilms' tumor and reviewed the records of all patients who relapsed (10 patients) and 43 additional patients followed for at least 1 year. Routine chest radiographs and abdominal ultrasounds were compared with 210 CT examinations (107 chest and 103 abdomen). CT examinations were obtained at 6 months for stage I (13 patients) and at 3, 8, and 15 months for stages II, III, and IV (40 patients). Of the 10 patients who relapsed, only 2 were documented by CT scan in the absence of clinical symptomatology and presence of normal radiographs and ultrasound. Eight relapses were diagnosed by physical examination, chest radiograph, or ultrasound and confirmed by CT scan. Questionably abnormal CT scans were obtained in 7 patients, only 1 of whom eventually relapsed. Since only 2 of 210 routine CT examinations were the the only indicator of relapse, we conclude that the routine use of CT for follow-up in Wilms' tumor is not warranted.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1982

A copper-deficient, zinc-supplemented diet produces emphysema in pigs.

A mild form of emphysema was produced in pigs raised on a copper-deficient, zinc-supplemented diet. The copper-requiring enzyme, lysyl oxidase, catalyzes the cross-linking of tropoelastin into mature elastin. Zinc further inhibits the activity of lysyl oxidase. Lungs from animals raised on copper-deficient, zinc-supplemented diets of demonstrate perforations in alveolar walls and diminished amounts of elastin bronchi and pulmonary arteries. Mean linear intercepts are greater and alveolar internal surface areas are less than those in control animals, fulfilling the generally accepted definition of emphysema. Physiologic confirmation is provided by a leftward shift of the saline volume-pressure curves when compared with those in control animals. Ultrastructurally, the alveolar walls are effaced and pores of Kohn are enlarged. There are areas in which elastin is absent leaving remnant microfibrils, and there are other changes consistent with active elastin synthesis. Biochemical data demonstrate no difference in elastin content as micrograms/ml of fat-free dry weight but do demonstrate increased collagen content in experimental animal lungs compared with that in control lungs. Ultrastructural similarities to enzyme-induced models of emphysema suggest the presence of elastin degradation in our model. We speculate that although the copper-deficient, zinc-supplemented state may stimulate protein synthesis in general, elastin is being degraded by endogenous means, but collagen is not.

Air Pressure↗
PubMed1979

The prognostic value of cell surface antigens in low grade, non-invasive, transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

Tumors in 23 patients who presented with a low grade, non-invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder were studied for blood group antigens A, B or O on the cell surface. Of 14 patients without cell surface antigens initially 13 suffered an invasive tumor subsequently and 1 had diffuse carcinoma in situ. Of 9 patients with cell surface antigens initially 8 did not have an invasive recurrence during a 5 or more-year followup and 1 did. The presence or absence of blood group cell surface antigen on a low grade, non-invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder would seem to have value in predicting future recurrence with muscle invasion.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ki-1 lymphoma: a case report.

A case of Ki-1 lymphoma of the large cell anaplastic type with weak leukocyte common antigen expression is presented. These tumors can sometimes demonstrate confusing immunophenotypes (weak or negative leukocyte common antigen, pan T, pan B, HMB 45, and S-100, and anomalous positive epithelial membrane antigen staining), and ultrastructural examination may be requested. The tumor consisted of sheets of large malignant cells with large pleomorphic nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and a high mitotic rate. Ultrastructural examination showed pleomorphic tumor cells with irregular nuclei, large nucleoli, and abundant complex cytoplasm with varied organelles.

Adult↗