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Biomedical subjects

E Harder

Publications and source records attributed to E Harder.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

High levels of CD8-positive lymphocytes expressing CD45R0, granzyme B, and Ki-67 in lymph nodes of HIV-infected individuals are not associated with increased mortality.

Lymph nodes constitute the major site of HIV replication and of immunological response to HIV. To study the role of cytotoxic and mitotic active CD8(+) lymphocytes in lymph nodes during HIV infection we examined 28 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lymph nodes sampled from 1984 to 1986 from 21 HIV-seropositive patients and seven HIV-negative patients. Eleven of the HIV-positive patients died within 78 months of biopsy time and 10 patients were alive on July 1, 1998. Double immunohistochemical staining procedures were developed to identify CD8(+) cells expressing CD45R0, granzyme B, and Ki-67. A stereological method was used to count the different cell types in the lymph nodes. There were no significant differences in the total cell (nucleated) and CD3(+) cell concentrations between the three groups. However, there were significantly higher concentrations of CD3(+)CD8(+), CD8(+)CD45R0(+), and CD8(+)Ki-67(+) lymphocytes in the HIV patients compared with the control group. Furthermore, there was a tendency for the HIV-deceased group to have lower levels of CD8(+)granzyme B(+) and CD8(+)Ki-67(+) lymphocyte concentrations compared with the HIV-alive group. Three HIV patients, who progressed to death within 49 months of biopsy time, were among the patients with the lowest concentrations of CD8(+)granzyme B(+) and CD8(+)Ki-67(+) lymphocytes. This finding allowed us to conclude that CD8(+) lymphocytes expressing high levels of CD45R0, granzyme B, and Ki-67 in lymph nodes of HIV patients are not related to increased mortality, whereas low concentrations of CD8(+) granzyme B(+) and CD8(+)Ki-67(+) lymphocytes may be associated with poor prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Enterobacteriaceae meningitis in adults: a review of 20 consecutive cases 1977-97.

Enterobacteriaceae are not a frequent cause of meningitis in adults and are seen mainly in neurosurgical patients and on occasion in elderly and debilitated patients. Consequently, most series studied have been small and selected. In order to obtain a clearer clinical picture, we reviewed 20 consecutive cases of Enterobacteriaceae meningitis admitted to the Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, during the years 1977-97. They comprised 1.5% of all cases of acute bacterial meningitis admitted to the department. All of the patients were either elderly and/or had 1 or more underlying diseases and predisposing factors. The clinical presentation and cerebrospinal fluid findings were not different from that of acute bacterial meningitis in general. The mortality rate was 40% and correlated with simultaneous bacteraemia. Complications were seen in a further 30% of patients and 25% survived with different sequelae. These high rates may, at least in part, be due to the advanced age and debilitated state of the patients studied. Escherichia coli was the most frequent of the Enterobacteriaceae.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Digital chest x-rays with a selenium detector: a prospective comparison with a conventional film-screen combination].

PURPOSE: To compare a new digital chest radiography system that uses amorphous selenium as the x-ray detector, with conventional radiography for the detection of pathological alterations of the chest. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two observers analysed pairs of posteroanterior and lateral chest radiographs of 95 patients. One pair of radiographs was obtained with the digital selenium chest radiography system, and the other with conventional film-screen technique. 9 criteria were rated using a 4 point scale. Technical parameters were standardised. Radiation dose was measured in both techniques and compared. RESULTS: A total of 855 criteria were rated. 740 findings were diagnosed in accordance on both techniques (740/855 = 87%). 115 criteria (115/855 = 13%) showed deviations. The mean radiation dose for the selenium detector was 0.02 cGy and for the conventional system 0.11 cGy. CONCLUSION: The exposure of radiation is lower using a selenium x-ray detector compared to conventional film-screen technique in chest radiography. The digital selenium system performs well in a clinical setting, providing visualisation of pathological findings as good as a standard screen-film system.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Spinal brucellosis.

Twenty-one patients with spinal brucellosis were reviewed. The disease is difficult to diagnose, and is often confused with spinal tuberculosis. Our study showed that it was best diagnosed by serology and bacterial culture; radiography and scanning were less helpful in the early stages. After only six weeks' antibiotic treatment, there was a 55% clinical and serological reactivation rate: better results were achieved after at least three months of treatment. The adequacy of treatment was best monitored with repeated agglutination titres, and the duration of treatment proved to be more important than the antibiotic agent itself. Surgical intervention was reserved for biopsy, severe neurological impairment, or for spinal stabilisation.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Intracranial tuberculoma: conservative management.

Twenty cases of intracranial tuberculoma were treated by us. A clinical-radiographic syndrome was recognized, consisting of an avascular enhancing mass lesion surrounded by marked edema and associated with relatively less severe clinical manifestations than would have been expected from the size and location of the lesion. This allowed successful medical therapy with three antituberculous drugs for an average of 12 months. Steroids, when used, were beneficial in relieving symptoms of cerebral edema without causing spread of tuberculosis. Medically treated patients had a significantly better functional recovery than those from whom the tuberculoma was excised.

Adolescent↗