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Biomedical subjects

E Hausmann

Publications and source records attributed to E Hausmann.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effect of x-ray angulation on radiographic periodontal ligament space width.

The aim of this study was to set up a model for quantitating a change in radiographic PDL width on variation of x-ray angulation within anticipated clinical limits. Four incisor and 4 molar sites of 6 human skulls were radiographed at varying angulation. Horizontal angulation changes were made over a 12 degrees range, in 3 degrees increments. Vertical angulation change was in one 10 degrees increment. Baseline radiographs were taken with the x-ray beam perpendicular to a buccal tooth surface in a horizontal direction and perpendicular or 10 degrees off the perpendicular in a vertical direction. The radiographs were converted to digitized images and PDL width measurements made utilizing a mouse-driven computer program. The mean PDL width differences between all possible horizontal and vertical combinations (n = 45) were compared with the mean of those obtained from differences observed in PDL width measurements on replicate baseline radiographs. Mean PDL width differences for incisor locations were statistically different from the mean baseline PDL width difference; posterior PDL width difference showed no statistical variation from the mean baseline PDL width difference. For radiographs taken within the range expected under clinical conditions, a significant change in PDL width may be observed in incisor locations. Posterior sites may not exhibit this significant change due to the anatomy of the region which may reduce the clarity of the radiographic image.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Computerized methodology for detection of alveolar crestal bone loss from serial intraoral radiographs.

The aim of this study was to develop a computerized measurement system for analysis of unstandardized serial radiographic images. A new approach for estimating the error associated with the determination of alveolar crest loss is described. The study shows that a difference of 0.87 mm in cemento-enamel junction-crest measurement between unstandardized serial radiographs taken within accepted clinic routine is required for a significant loss in crestal bone height. The ability to detect with significance a difference of less than 1 mm in crestal bone height makes the appropriate use of traditional bite-wing radiographs a useful diagnostic tool for the assessment of periodontal maintenance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Barium carbonate intoxication.

A 22-year-old man attempted to commit suicide by swallowing an unknown amount of barium carbonate dissolved in hydrochloric acid. Shortly after ingestion, he developed crampy abdominal pain and generalized muscle weakness. About 2 h later, respiratory failure ensued necessitating orotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. Concomitantly, life-threatening arrhythmias including ventricular fibrillation occurred, and he had to be resuscitated for 45 min. After correction of severe hypokalemia (serum potassium 1.5 mmol/l), cardiac rhythm stabilized. In an attempt to accelerate removal of barium from the circulation hemodialysis was begun. During hemodialysis muscle strength returned. Pharmacokinetic analysis of serum barium levels suggest that hemodialysis shortened the serum half-life of barium. Subsequently, the patient made a complete and uneventful recovery. Our case demonstrates that severe barium poisoning can be survived provided that early aggressive therapeutic measures are undertaken. Hemodialysis seems to be efficacious in the therapy of barium intoxication.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Burst suppression EEG with baclofen overdose.

The article reports the case history of a patient with baclofen intoxication and burst suppression activity in the EEG several hours after baclofen ingestion. With symptomatic treatment the patient recovered within 5 days and the EEG became normal, again.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

What alveolar crest level on a bite-wing radiograph represents bone loss?

In advanced periodontal disease alveolar bone crestal loss is readily apparent on radiographs. However, in incipient disease there is a lack of consensus regarding what constitutes crestal bone loss on a radiograph. To properly assess crestal bone loss radiographically requires an appropriate base of reference indicative of the absence of destructive periodontal disease. In this study the radiographic CEJ-crest distance as a measure of crest height was determined for sites at which clinical attachment measurements indicate no attachment loss. From these measurements it is concluded that no crestal bone loss is consistent with a range of radiographic CEJ-crest distance between 0.4 and 1.9 mm (95% confidence limits) as evidenced on bite-wings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Computerized generation of lesion models for evaluating subtraction radiography.

Digital subtraction radiography is a technique that has been shown to provide greater sensitivity and specificity in detecting bur-induced crestal bone change than the traditional comparison of two radiographs. It is questionable, however, to what extent these reports relate to clinical situations. A computerized method of extracting lesion areas from clinical subtraction images and imposing them on radiographs of experimental sites has been developed with the goal of producing a more relevant model for evaluating subtraction radiography. Observers were unable to distinguish between natural lesions and those produced by this method.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed1990

A contemporary perspective on techniques for the clinical assessment of alveolar bone.

Radiographic techniques, traditional ones as well as newer ones under development, for clinically assessing alveolar bone are critically assessed. Traditional intraoral radiography is reexamined, in particular with regard to the accuracy with which the alveolar crest is seen. Evidence is presented for a more accurate representation of the alveolar crest on bitewings rather than periapical films. Application in periodontics of newer radiographic techniques, subtraction radiography, and single and dual photon aborptiometry presently under clinical development are discussed in regard to their potential and limitations. Similarly, radiopharmaceuticals to evaluate the metabolic status of alveolar bone are discussed as well as the potential for using analyses of gingival crevice fluid as a window for assessment of alveolar crest metabolism.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1989

Skeletal osteopenia and residual ridge resorption.

Increased residual ridge resorption resulting from postmenopausal skeletal osteopenia has been a long-standing clinical assumption. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between the degree of residual ridge resorption, sex, and the age of the patient. The technique of measuring mandibular resorption uses panoramic radiographs as described by Wical and Swoope. Six readers received technique instructions and were then tested for uniformity. An analysis of variance demonstrated no significant difference between readers (p greater than 0.10). A random selection of 459 radiographs of edentulous patients were then measured by using a blind technique to determine the amount of residual ridge resorption. Analysis of this data demonstrated a significantly larger percentage of women with class 3 (severe) residual ridge resorption (p less than 0.01) but this difference could not be related to the occurrence of menopause.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effect of x-ray beam vertical angulation on radiographic alveolar crest level measurement.

Utilizing intraoral radiographs of human skulls taken at known vertical angulation, we have demonstrated that expression of the crest level as a distance between cej and the crest is as accurate as a ratio of bone height to root length. The degree of inaccuracy of either of these measures is related to the magnitude of the angular deviation of the x-ray beam from 90 degrees. Angular deviation can be estimated from calculation of a cusp height score (ratio of lingual cusp height to buccal cusp height x 100). Based on the analysis of cusp height scores it was determined that the x-ray beam angulation for posterior bitewings ranged between 90 degrees and 80 degrees whereas for posterior periapicals the angulation range was between 90 degrees and 70 degrees. Therefore, it is recommended that, for longitudinal studies of bone height, measurements of the crest to cej distance, particularly in the region of the molars, be made utilizing bitewing radiographs. For the premolar and incisor regions, deviation of the vertical angulation of an x-ray of up to 20 degrees from a 90 degrees baseline resulted in little, if any, change in crest level by either one of the two measures used. An appendix is provided for the theoretical modeling of the types and magnitude of change in crest level observed for projection images of different anatomical configurations.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1988

A perspective on periodontal disease activity measurements.

Studies utilizing serial standardized periapical radiographs for measurements of alveolar bone height and for digital subtraction and changes in clinical probing attachment level have suggested that adult periodontitis may exhibit periods of exacerbation and remission at specific sites. The use of such serial examinations for the determination of disease activity must be interpreted with caution since the different methods for the assessment of disease activity have different levels of sensitivity and specificity and because such sequential methods integrate disease activity and do not provide an instantaneous measure of activity. An ideal test for disease activity would approach an instantaneous measure of disease activity and would not integrate activity over time.

Alveolar Process↗