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Biomedical subjects

E Hayashi

Publications and source records attributed to E Hayashi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Depression of plasma gelsolin level during acute liver injury.

Human plasma contains two actin-binding proteins, plasma gelsolin and vitamin D-binding protein. These proteins are considered to play an important role in the disposition of actin derived from injured tissue. To evaluate this actin-scavenger system, gelsolin concentrations were measured in serial plasma samples obtained from patients with acute liver injury using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Plasma gelsolin levels in 43 healthy persons were 226 +/- 52 micrograms/mL. They were markedly reduced to 80 +/- 40 micrograms/mL in 14 patients with an early stage of acute hepatitis and returned to normal levels of 232 +/- 38 micrograms/mL as the disease resolved. Moreover, they showed a significant negative correlation with serum aminotransferase and bilirubin levels. In 7 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, plasma gelsolin levels rapidly decreased from 182 +/- 42 to 87 +/- 41 micrograms/mL after transcatheter arterial embolization therapy. Because plasma gelsolin is not a hepatic protein, the decreased levels are considered to depend exclusively on the extent of actin leakage from the injured liver.

Actins↗
PubMed1992

Fetal and neonatal excretion of free and conjugated ritodrine.

The ability of the human fetus and neonate to conjugate and excrete ritodrine, a beta 2-sympathomimetic drug, was investigated. Free and conjugated ritodrine concentrations in the plasma, amniotic fluid and urine were measured in 11 mother-infant pairs, to whom intravenous ritodrine had been administered before elective cesarean section at term. Ritodrine was determined by HPLC with electrochemical detection. At delivery, conjugated ritodrine values were significantly higher than those for the free form in maternal and fetal plasma. There were significant positive correlations between the concentrations in the maternal and umbilical vein plasma for both free and conjugated ritodrine. In the amniotic fluid, the total ritodrine concentrations were much higher than those in the fetal plasma, the conjugated form accounting for 90.2% of the total. Furthermore, the percentages of conjugated ritodrine in the amniotic fluid and neonatal urine were significantly higher than the percentage in the maternal urine on the day of birth. In the neonatal urine, the concentrations of free and conjugated ritodrine decreased rapidly after birth as did those in the maternal urine, on day 3 postpartum being less than 2% of the values on the day of parturition. These results indicate that the fetus at term is capable of forming conjugated metabolites of ritodrine and of excreting free and conjugated ritodrine in its urine.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1992

Interferon therapy for non-A, non-B hepatitis: a pilot study and review of the literature.

We treated four cases of acute unresolving non-A, non-B hepatitis, and eleven cases of chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis with recombinant interferon alpha-2a for up to one year. The dose of interferon was initially 3 million units daily, and was gradually decreased to 1 million units three times weekly. The overall response rate was 80 percent (twelve out of fifteen cases) at the end of treatment. Relapse occurred after the cessation of treatment in seven of the eight cases of chronic disease responding to interferon therapy. In contrast, three of the four cases of acute unresolving hepatitis became (sero)negative for antibody to hepatitis C virus, and in three completely normal serum aminotransferase levels persisted for more than one year after therapy. It is urged that early recognition of non-A, non-B hepatitis should be striven for, because interferon therapy may lead to an improved prognosis of the disease, particularly in cases of possible transitional phase from acute to chronic disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

[A case with Graves' disease whose TBII index was decreased after heart surgery].

This case report describes a patient with Graves' disease who underwent heart surgery and we studied changes in thyroid hormone and antithyroid autoantibodies. TBII index of this case, which was high value before surgery, was decreased after surgery for two years, and the patient did not need any antithyroid drug. It is suggested that these changes may be due to cardio-pulmonary bypass and administration of steroids during heart surgery. This case indicates that heart surgery may influence the clinical course of Graves' disease.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1991

[Studies on nonthyroidal illness after heart surgery].

The concentrations of pituitary hormones (TSH and PRL), thyroid hormones (free-T4 and free-T3), thyroid hormone binding protein (TBG) and lipids (TG and FFA) in the blood were measured in order to examine the physiology of nonthyroidal illnesses that occurred as a result of heart surgery as well as their effects on the pituitary and thyroid glands. The subjects of the study consisted of 30 adults with congenital and acquired heart disease. Blood concentrations of TSH, PRL, free-T4, free-T3, and TBG decreased, and those of FFA increased, on the 2nd day following surgery. On the 2nd day following surgery, the decrease in the concentrations of free-T4 and free-T3 in the blood were considered due to a decrease in secretion of T4 from the thyroid gland, as well as due to a decrease in the activity of iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase in the peripheral organs. In the 3rd week following surgery, the concentrations of these items returned to their original values on the day prior to surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Tracheobronchoplasty for functional restoration].

We have experienced 10 cases of terminal mediastinal tracheostomy (TMT), 7 cases of laryngotracheal anastomosis with subtotal resection of cricoid cartilage (LTT), 5 cases of sleeve or wedge segmentectomy (SS, WS) for lung cancer with low pulmonary function, and 5 cases of carinal reconstructions (CR) with one stomal anastomosis between left lobar bronchus and trachea after partial resection of carina for tuberculous stenosis of left main bronchus. Modified TMT which stomaplasty was constructed with cervical and anterior chest skin flap different from primary procedure by Grillo was performed in 3 cases without innominate artery rupture nor cicatricial stomal stenosis. LTT by Pearson's procedure caused telescoped anastomosis. Pulmonary function was reserved in all 5 cases of SS and WS. Salvaged left lung by single stomal CR in the cases of tuberculous stenosis functioned well. Two different approaches for subaortic arch anastomosis, namely Pull-down and Pull-up, were proposed in single stomal CR. Pull-down provided excellent exposure of the carina without sacrifice of intercostal arteries. Indication of plasty was extended by TMT and LTT for upper limits of airway resection, SS and WS for limited operation against lung cancer, and single stomal CR for tuberculous stenosis of left main bronchus.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1990

Human plasma gelsolin binds adenosine triphosphate.

Binding studies of human plasma gelsolin with ATP were done by equilibrium dialysis. Analysis of the binding data showed that plasma gelsolin had one class of ATP binding site with Kd = 2.8 x 10(-7) M, which saturated at an ATP/gelsolin ratio of 0.6. The bioluminescent assay for ATP with luciferin and firefly luciferase confirmed that the protein contained a nucleotide as ATP.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1990

[Three cases of primary hyperparathyroidism associated with nonmedullary thyroid neoplasm].

Among 18 surgical patients with primary hyperparathyroidism at this institution, 3 patients (16.7%) were found to have associated nonmedullary thyroid neoplasms. Histological examination of the parathyroid tumors revealed two to be parathyroid adenomas and the other to be parathyroid carcinoma. Histology of the thyroid neoplasms were papillary carcinoma, follicular carcinoma and follicular adenoma, respectively. Therefore, in the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism, it is necessary to take into consideration association with not only medullary thyroid carcinoma, but nonmedullary thyroid neoplasms as well.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Partial purification and characterization of human hepatoma-derived growth factor.

A human hepatoma cell line, HuH-7, which was established from a hepatoma tissue removed at surgical operation from an adult Japanese male, grows autonomously in a serum-free chemically defined medium. A human hepatoma-derived growth factor with potent growth-promoting activity, was partially purified from the conditioned medium of HuH-7 cells, using ion-exchange, heparin affinity chromatography and gel filtration. The partially purified growth factor (HuHGF) is acid- and heat-labile, and sensitive to reduction and trypsin digestion. HuHGF, which is of relatively high molecular weight (about 64 kDa) examined by gel filtration, stimulates not only the DNA synthesis of Swiss mouse 3T3 fibroblasts, but also the growth of HuH-7 cells in serum-free chemically defined medium, suggesting that it is produced by and acts on HuH-7 cells as an autocrine growth factor. This putative growth factor may play an important role in the autonomous growth of hepatoma and may lead to useful diagnostic or therapeutic approaches to human hepatoma.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1989

Affinity separation of human plasma gelsolin on Affi-Gel Blue.

Human plasma gelsolin was specifically eluted with 1 mM adenosine 5'-triphosphate from an Affi-Gel Blue column. Since the ionic strength of sodium chloride required to elute the protein from the dye column was much higher than that of 1 mM adenosine 5'-triphosphate, the binding of plasma gelsolin with the dye-ligand appeared to be biospecific. Taking advantage of this affinity interaction, we have developed a revised purification method of human plasma gelsolin. The purification included ammonium sulfate precipitation, diethylaminoethyl-Sepharose chromatography, Affi-Gel Blue chromatography, and Phenyl-Sepharose chromatography. The method allowed a reproducible purification of the protein to apparent homogeneity, producing a 331-fold purification with a yield of 6%.

Actins↗
PubMed1989

Decreased density of alpha 2-adrenoceptors in medulla oblongata of spontaneously hypertensive rats.

To study the role of medullary alpha-adrenoceptors in hypertension, we compared specific binding of [3H]prazosin and [3H]clonidine in different brain regions of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), stroke-prone SHR (SHRSP), and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). As compared with age-matched WKY, Bmax values for specific [3H]clonidine binding in the medulla oblongata were significantly lower in SHR and SHRSP at 16-24 weeks of age. In the SHRSP medulla oblongata, the decrease was more prominent in dorsomedial and ventrolateral regions than in the ventromedial region. Density of alpha 2-adrenoceptor binding sites was also decreased in the medulla oblongata of young (4-5-week-old) SHRSP. In contrast, there was no difference in Kd and Bmax values for medullary [3H]prazosin binding between WKY and SHRSP. The dorsomedial and ventrolateral regions of the SHRSP medulla oblongata showed significantly lower levels of norepinephrine (NE). Thus, the present study demonstrates that there is a specific loss of alpha 2-adrenoceptors in the medulla oblongata of SHR and SHRSP that may be partly involved in the pathogenesis of spontaneous hypertension.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Occlusion of small hepatic veins associated with systemic lupus erythematosus with the lupus anticoagulant and anti-cardiolipin antibody.

We report the case of a woman with lupus anticoagulant-positive systemic lupus erythematosus who developed small hepatic vein occlusion. Since the age of 34, she had been known to have hepatomegaly. A definitive diagnosis of systematic lupus erythematosus was made eight years later. Histological evaluation of the liver biopsy specimen was not fully diagnostic of prominent hepatomegaly during this period. Occlusion of the small hepatic veins was confirmed by hepatic venography, but the lumen of the large hepatic veins showed a smooth appearance. The lupus anticoagulant and anti-cardiolipin antibody were both positive. Since a high incidence of thromboembolic diseases in patients with the lupus anticoagulant or anti-cardiolipin antibody has been reported, the presence of this type of anticoagulant may provide an explanation for hypercoagulability and subsequent development of hepatic vein thrombosis in this patient. This is the first report of a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus who developed an occlusion of small hepatic veins attributable to the lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibody. This case suggested that a systematic search for hepatic vein occlusion should be made in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who have developed inexplicable hepatomegaly, especially in those with positive tests for the lupus anticoagulant and/or anti-cardiolipin antibody.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Consecutive changes of R-R interval variation on ECG after abstinence in male alcoholics].

Heart rate variation were studied in 37 male alcoholics (age: 46.0 +/- 7.4 years old, duration of habitual drinking: 23 +/- 8 years.) who were admitted in Kurihama National Hospital within 48 hours of last drinking. The coefficient of variation (CV value = (standard deviation/mean R-R interval) X 100) of 100 successive R-R intervals in ECG during supine resting position was measured consecutively on admission, 7th, and 30th hospital day. The CV values on admission (2.50 +/- 0.81) and on 7th day (2.60 +/- 0.87) were significantly lower than those on 30th day (3.41 +/- 1.06, p less than 0.001). In 10 alcoholics, CV values were also measured on 60th day (3.32 +/- 1.18), which were not significantly different from that on 30th day (3.17 +/- 1.18). The ratio of CV to standard prediction value (CV/(-0.066 X age + 6.480)) were 0.67 +/- 0.24, 0.68 +/- 0.21 and 0.90 +/- 0.28 on admission, 7th and 30th day, respectively. The ratio on admission and on 7th day were significantly lower than those on 30th day (p less than 0.001). These findings are suggesting that the disturbance of heart rate variation in alcoholics is reflecting the deterioration of autonomic nervous system on alcohol withdrawal stage.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Intracerebroventricular injection of neosurugatoxin induces a prolonged blockade of brain nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

The intracerebroventricular injection of neosurugatoxin (2 x 3.2 micrograms) significantly reduced the specific binding of [3H]nicotine but not of [3H]cismethyldioxolane in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and thalamus of rats 3 days after the toxin injection. Scatchard analysis of [3H]nicotine binding in the rat cerebral cortex revealed that neosurugatoxin can selectively decrease the maximal binding sites (Bmax) for [3H]nicotine by approximately 38%. A significant decrease in the Bmax value for [3H]nicotine was also observed in this brain region 7 days after the neosurugatoxin injection. Thus, the intracerebroventricular injection of neosurugatoxin can induce a prolonged blockade of brain nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Brain nicotine cholinoceptor binding in spontaneous hypertension.

To study the role of central cholinergic mechanisms in hypertension, we have determined nicotinic and muscarinic agonist binding sites in the brain regions of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP), using [3H]nicotine and [3H]cismethyldioxolane (CD). There was a significant decrease in specific [3H]nicotine binding in the cerebral cortex, thalamus, midbrain, cerebellum and medulla oblongata of SHRSP at 16-24 weeks of age compared to that of age-matched Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). Scatchard analysis revealed 35% decrease in the Bmax value for [3H]nicotine binding in the SHRSP medulla oblongata without a change in the Kd value, suggesting a change in the receptor density. Similar reduction of nicotinic cholinoceptor binding sites was also observed in the discrete brain regions of young (5-week-old) SHRSP. In contrast, there was no alteration in specific [3H]CD binding in the SHRSP brains regions, except the hypothalamus which showed a significant increase. The SHRSP medulla oblongata showed no change in the ChAT activity. Thus, the present study suggests an important role for medullary nicotinic cholinoceptors in the pathogenesis of spontaneous hypertension.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Enhancement of interleukin 1 and interleukin 2 releases by ubenimex.

The effect of ubenimex on the release of interleukin 1 (IL-1) and interleukin 2 (IL-2) from immuno-competent cells was studied. Ubenimex enhanced release of IL-1 from mouse peritoneal macrophages at 1.0 and 100 micrograms/ml in vitro and the release at 1.0 microgram/ml was larger. When ubenimex was administered to mice IL-1-releasing activity of the peritoneal macrophages was enhanced 3 and 5 days after the administration but not enhanced 1 day after the administration. Ubenimex also enhanced IL-2 release from rat spleen cells at 0.1 and 10 micrograms/ml, when concanavalin A (Con A) was added in the IL-2-releasing system. The enhancement was still observed with mouse spleen cells, when serum was further added. Moreover, thymocyte-proliferating activity was attained in the broths which rat spleen cells were incubated with ubenimex from 0.1 to 10 micrograms/ml in the absence and presence of Con A.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Alpha-1 adrenoceptors in human prostate: characterization and alteration in benign prostatic hypertrophy.

Alpha-1 adrenoceptors in hypertrophied prostates of humans were characterized by a binding assay using [3H]prazosin as a radioligand. Specific [3H]prazosin binding in hypertrophied prostates of humans was saturable and of high affinity (Kd = 0.6 nM) with a maximal number of binding sites of 106 fmol/mg of protein, and it showed a pharmacological specificity as well as stereo-selectivity which characterized alpha-1 adrenoceptors. Adrenergic antagonists competed for the binding in order: R-(-)-YM-12617(5-[2-[[2-(o-ethoxyphenoxy)ethyl]amino]propyl]-2- methoxybenzenesulfonamide HCl) greater than (+/-)-YM-12617 = prazosin greater than phentolamine greater than S-(+)-YM-12617 greater than idazoxan. R-(-)- and (+/-)-YM-12617, alpha-1 adrenoceptor antagonists, have been shown to exhibit an extremely high affinity for prostatic [3H]prazosin binding sites (Ki = 0.6 and 1.1 nM, respectively). In addition, R-(-)-YM-12617 was approximately 100 times as potent as the S-(+)-isomer. The affinities of prazosin and YM-12617 compounds for [3H]prazosin binding sites in hypertrophied prostates of humans correlated closely with their pharmacological potencies in prostates reported previously. The blockade of [3H]prazosin binding sites in hypertrophied prostates of humans induced by (+/-)-YM-12617 was easily reversed by washing. There was a significant 35% increase in the maximal number of binding sites for [3H] prazosin binding in hypertrophied prostates from benign prostatic hypertrophy compared to normal tissues, whereas the hypertrophy had little effect on the Kd value.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Binding, Competitive↗