Available oxygen in pre-term babies.
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Anemia, Neonatal↗
Biomedical subjects
E Hey
Publications and source records attributed to E Hey.
Coagulation failure in babies with rhesus isoimmunization.
Serial prospective studies of coagulation status have been undertaken on 73 babies with a positive Coombs test. No abnormalities were detected in the babies with mild haemolytic disease, but seven of the 36 babies with severe haemolytic disease (cord Hb less than 11 g/dl or cord bilirubin greater than 85 mumol/1) showed evidence of transient defibrination 1 d after birth and another six had evidence of coagulation failure at birth with a platelet count of less than 150 x 10(9)/1 and a severe deficiency of multiple coagulation factors. The level of factor II and factor X was less than a fifth of the normal cord blood level in these six babies and the level of I, VII and IX was severely reduced; the factor VIII level was normal or high. Exchange transfusion started within 1 h of birth corrected the immediate factor deficiency in these six babies, but evidence of defibrination then became apparent with afibrinogenaemia, a marked fall in factors II and V, less constant falls in factors VII, IX and X, and a raised fibrin:fibrinogen degradation product level. One of these six babies died with severe pulmonary hypoplasia within an hour of birth; the other five died from haemorrhage into the lung or brain 1 1/2--6 d after birth. The very low vitamin-K dependent factor levels in the cord blood of the babies who died are presumably the result of liver damage in utero, but the subsequent changes are those of a comsumption coagulopathy. Simple screening tests at birth served to indicate which babies were at risk and it is concluded that death due to haemorrhage might be reduced by more intensive factor replacement before there is overt evidence of haemorrhage in these babies.
Blood Cell Count↗
The lungs in congenital bilateral renal agenesis and dysplasia.
A detailed quantitative analysis was made of the lungs from 8 infants dying with bilateral renal agenesis or dysplasia. Total lung volume was reduced in all cases, particularly in those with renal agenesis. In both groups there was a reduction in number of airway generations, indicating interference with development at between 12 and 16 weeks' gestation. The alveoli in each acinus were reduced in size and, in some cases, number--although their stage of differentiation was normal for age--pointing to a disturbance of growth during later fetal life also. As liquor is largely non-renal in origin at least up to 16 weeks' gestation, it seems that there are factors other than the oligohydramnios interfering in early lung growth in these cases, such as reduced proline production by the kidney.
Bronchi↗
Fetal hyperinsulinism in rhesus isoimmunization.
Analyses of peritoneal ascitic fluid obtained prior to intrauterine transfusion show that some babies with severe rhesus isoimmunization develop raised insulin levels up to a month before delivery. The glucose content of fetal ascitic fluid is usually only about 10 mg. per 100 ml. less than the glucose content of maternal plasma and there is no evidence that this relation is influenced by the fetal or maternal insulin level. The electrolyte content of fetal ascitic fluid is very similar to that of maternal plasma, but fluid from babies with hyperinsulinism has an unusually high calcium content.
Ascitic Fluid↗
Pulmonary hypoplasia in babies with severe rhesus isoimmunisation: a quantitative study.
Analysis of lung weights of 96 infants dying with rhesus isoimmunisation has shown that the lung is considerably retarded in its growth. Detailed analysis of the lungs of six babies after pulmonary artery injection showed in all a reduction in airway number and thus acinar and artery number, suggesting arrest in growth before the 16th week of gestation. The alveoli were also of either abnormal number, size or maturity, suggesting a continuing effect in later foetal life. Total lung volume varied from the normal value in one case to one-quarter normal in the smallest lung.
Angiography↗
Resuscitation at birth.
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Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
Thermal neutrality.
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Body Temperature Regulation↗