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Biomedical subjects

E Hjelm

Publications and source records attributed to E Hjelm.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Antibody response to Staphylococcus saprophyticus in urinary tract infection.

The serological response towards Staphylococcus saprophyticus in young women with symptomatic urinary tract infection was measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a direct agglutination (DA) test. In both assays a marked antibody response was found in 2 of 3 patients with acute pyelonephritis caused by S. saprophyticus. Patients with acute cystitis due to S. saprophyticus or Escherichia coli showed antibody titers comparable to those of healthy controls.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Effects of extracellular products from Staphylococcus saprophyticus on human lymphocytes.

Extracellular products from Staphylococcus saprophyticus were isolated and tested for their effect on the lymphoproliferative activity of con A and LPS and on the growth of human lymphocytes. The stimulatory effects of con A or LPS were not affected but a T-cell mitogenic activity was noted after 5 days of incubation. The extracellular material was separated by gel chromatography and the mitogenic activity was shown to be located to the protein fraction.

Concanavalin A↗
PubMed1987

Sulfadoxine assay using capillary blood samples dried on filter paper--suitable for monitoring of blood concentrations in the field.

A high performance liquid chromatographic method for determination of sulfadoxine in whole blood obtained by finger prick and dried on filter paper is presented. The technique was validated by comparing the sulfadoxine concentration of simultaneously collected capillary blood dried on filter paper and conventional venous whole blood samples. Agreement between capillary blood dried on filter paper and venous whole blood was satisfactory. Limit of determination using 100 microliter of capillary blood was found to be 25 mumol/L (7.8 micrograms/ml). Sulfadoxine was stable in the dried filter papers for at least 15 weeks at +37 degrees C. The concentration ratio between plasma and whole blood of sulfadoxine was found to be approximately 1.8. The sampling technique on filter paper offers a convenient method for overcoming many of the practical problems of blood sampling in the field.

Capillaries↗
PubMed1987

Ascending urinary tract infections in rats induced by Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Proteus mirabilis.

Ascending pyelonephritis was induced by Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Proteus mirabilis both by inoculating the organisms separately and in combination into rat bladders. Bacterial cultures of tissue homogenates showed that pyelonephritis by both bacteria occurred significantly more often in rats where the two organisms were instilled concomitantly, suggesting a synergistic virulence between the two species. The antibody response to the different organisms was the same either the bacteria were instilled separately or in combination.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Primary isolation of curved rods from women with vaginal discharge.

The occurrence of motile anaerobic curved rods in vaginal discharge was studied in 94 samples from women attending an STD clinic. Almost all wet smear preparations of discharge contained motile rods. Anaerobic curved rods were isolated from 46% of the samples. Of 28 specimens studied by culture and immunofluorescence, 21 were confirmed to harbour motile anaerobic curved rods. Culture was performed with a dilution and sampling technique that is too time-consuming for diagnostic routines, but it enhanced the precision of information on motile anaerobic curved rods in vaginal secretion. More selective and rapid methods for identification of these bacteria are desirable.

Bacteria, Anaerobic↗
PubMed1984

Motile curved rods in women attending a STD clinic.

Motile anaerobic curved rods were cultured from vaginal discharge of 19 of 262 women attending an STD clinic. In 26 women, motile rods were observed by examination of wet smears. In all 5 specimens culture-positive for motile anaerobic curved rods of the long type, motile rods were observed in the wet smears, while in only 6 of the 14 specimens culture-positive for motile anaerobic curved rods of the short type, were motile rods seen in wet smears.

Bacteria, Anaerobic↗
PubMed1982

Anti-Ia-reactive cells in the urinary tract of man, guinea-pig, rat and mouse.

Tissues from the urinary tract of man, the guinea-pig, mouse and rat were investigated for Ia (HLA-DR) tissue distribution with an immunohistochemical staining technique using anti-Ia monoclonal antibodies. Human and guinea-pig tissues were also investigated with a rabbit anti-human HLA-DR immunoglobulin. Ia-antigen-expressing cells were demonstrated in bladder connective tissue of man, the guinea-pig, rat and mouse. In man and the guinea-pig anti-Ia-reactive cells were present also in the bladder epithelium. In the kidney, the Ia antigens seemed to be restricted to the endothelium in man, the guinea-pig and mouse, whereas in the rat, the kidney contained anti-Ia-reactive dendritic cells in the interstitium. The staining of mouse tissues with anti-I-Ak- and anti-I-E/Ck-specific monoclonal antibodies revealed that cells of different Ia phenotypes were differently distributed in the bladder connective tissue. In sections from the mouse kidney no difference in staining was seen with the various antibodies. In experiments with mouse bone-marrow chimeras the anti-Ia-reactive cells in mouse bladder were shown to be of bone-marrow origin. In humans epithelial Ia-expressing cells could be isolated from the urine. Such cells might constitute a source of anti-Ia-reactive epithelial cells for future functional studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

A new method for the determination of estrogen-2-hydroxylase activity.

A new method is described for determining the activity of a monooxygenase, acting by specific hydroxylation at the 2- position of the aromatic ring of estrogenic compounds with the formation of catechol estrogens. The procedure is based on separation of the catechol estrogen product from the substrate by high performance reversed-phase chromatography with amperometric detection in a thin-layer flow-cell by electrooxidation at a graphite-paste anode. Due to the very high detector sensitivity for the enzymatically generated product and an uncomplicated overall performance, the method offers great advantages over the radioenzymatic assay described earlier.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Meningitis in a newborn infant caused by Mycoplasma hominis.

When 10 days old an infant born after 34-35 weeks of gestation developed meningitis with pleocytosis and a low glucose concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid. Mycoplasma hominis was recovered from the cerebrospinal fluid and treatment with doxycycline was given. The strain was later found to be resistant to tetracycline. After institution of lincomycin, cultures for mycoplasmas were negative. The infant, who during the course of the meningitis had developed a transient increase in intracranial pressure, was healthy and normally developed at the age of one year.--This is the first report on an infection caused by a tetracycline-resistant strain of Mycoplasma hominis.

Drug Resistance, Microbial↗
PubMed1979

Significance of urinary immunoglobulins in tests for antibody-coated bacteria.

The relationship between urinary immunoglobulin levels and coating of a panel of bacteria by these immunoglobulins has been investigated. The results indicate that elevated urinary immunoglobulin levels are a distinct hazard in interpreting tests for antibody-coated bacteria as indicating upper or lower urinary tract infections.

Antibody-Coated Bacteria Test, Urinary↗
PubMed1978

A clinical evaluation of a test for antibody-coated bacteria in the urine.

A test for antidoby-coated bacteria in the urine for the diagnosis of the anatomical level of urinary tract infection was evaluated in an unselected series of patients with urinary tract infection as a complication of other diseases of the uro-genital tract. Of 19 patients with cancer of the bladder, prostata and the kidney who had clinical signs of lower tract infection, 14 had antibody-coated bacteria in the urine. Among adult patients without cancer of the urinary tract but a clearcut history of upper tract infection, 17 had antibody-coated bacteria, while 8 had not. Six patients also without history of cancer, with clearcut lower tract infection, had antibody-coated bacteria; 38 had not. The results indicate that cancer of the urinary tract seems to influence the correct establishing of level of infection by this method. In patients with diseases of the urinary tract in additional to infection, antibody coating by bacteria in the urine must be interpreted with caution.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Genital occurrence of oral microbiota.

Recent studies indicate that tonsillar gonococcal infection or colonization is fairly common. Carriage rates of about 8% have been found. These studies also indicate that oro-genital contacts are common. Since very little is known about the amount of oral microbiota transmitted to the genitals, we have studied the occurrence of oral streptococci and Neisseria species in urethra and cervix. Among 128 patients attending an STD-clinic we found 10 carriers of oral streptococci, one Streptococcus mitior, four Streptococcus sanguis, one Streptococcus mutans and four Streptococcus salivarius and case of urethritis due to Neisseria menigitidis. Seventy-three of the patients had recently had their genitals exposed to the oral flora of their partners. Despite the heavy contamination with oral microbiota that can be assumed to occur in these cases, there seems to be no colonization of the genitals with oral microbiota.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Antibody-coated bacteria in the urine of children with urinary tract infections.

The test for antibody-coated bacteria in urine for the diagnosis of the anatomical level of urinary tract infections was evaluated in children with UTI. The ability of the test to differentiate between an upper and lower infection is influenced by the antiglobulin preparation used, since too sensitive an antiglobulin probably detects nonspecifically bound antibodies. Staphylococcal protein A seems to be well suited for use as an antiglobulin in this test. Using staphylococcal protein A all children with X-ray findings suggesting renal damage had antibody-coated bacteria in the urine, however, nine infants and 5 children and clinical symptoms of pyelonephritis had a negative test. Of 28 children with clinical symptoms of cystitis only one had a positive test. Of 50 children with asymptomatic bacteriuria 9 had antibody-coated bacteria in the urine; 41 had not. The findings indicate that the method might be useful in establishing the anatomical level of urinary tract infection and might also be useful for screening children with asymptomatic bacteriuria who risk developing kidney infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

New immunofluorescence method for the identification of group a, b, c, e, and g streptococci.

An immunofluorescence method for the identification of groups A, B, C, E, F, and G beta-haemolytic streptococci has been developed, using FITC-labelled F(ab')2 fragments of IgG with optimal staining characteristics. The method is useful for the rapid confirmation of beta-haemolytic streptococci in cultures; in a blind comparison with Lancefield grouping, there was a 97 per cent agreement.

Animals↗
PubMed1972

Role of protein A in the serum-soft agar technique.

Formation of compact colonies of Staphylococcus aureus in serum-soft agar is mainly a result of a reaction between protein A and the Fc-part of immunoglobulin G and not a clumping factor-fibrinogen reaction.

Agar↗