PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E Hood

Publications and source records attributed to E Hood.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

OPs cause bad trips?

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Air Pollution, Indoor↗
PubMed1999

Chemical and biological weapons: new questions, new answers.

The words "chemical and biological weapons" (CBW) send a shiver down most spines these days. With the end of the Cold War, the possibility of a massive nuclear confrontation appears remote, so today many popular doomsday scenarios center on the aggressive use of chemical or biological warfare by rogue nations or terrorist groups. As exaggerated as some of the accounts are, with CBW cast as the latest unseen, unstoppable enemy, the threat posed by these weapons is all too real, and growing.

Biological Warfare↗
PubMed1996

Identifying DNA polymorphisms in human TCRA/D variable genes by direct sequencing of PCR products.

The T-cell receptor (TCR) is a highly variable molecule composed of two polypeptide chains that recognize antigenic peptides in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. In this study, we describe a sequence-based search for germline polymorphisms in the variable (V) gene segments of the human TCRA/D locus. Thirty different V gene segments were amplified from six to eight unrelated individuals and sequenced from low melting point agarose. Twenty-seven polymorphisms were identified in 15 V gene segments. These polymorphisms are mainly single nucleotide substitutions, but an insertion/deletion polymorphism and a single dinucleotide repeat with variable length were also seen. Of the 15 sequence variations found in the coding regions, six are silent and nine encode amino acid changes. All of the amino acid changes are found at non-conserved residues, frequently in the hypervariable regions, where they may influence MHC and/or peptide recognition. Therefore, it is possible that germline variations in TCR genes could influence an individual's immune response, and may also contribute to susceptibility to diseases such as autoimmunity.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Child maltreatment: the collaboration of child welfare, mental health, and judicial system.

The alliance of child welfare, mental health, and legal systems has received little empirical attention, despite the magnitude of its impact on children and families. We examined the congruence of child protection agencies legal positions, court clinic recommendations, and judicial dispositions in a sample of 59 contested child maltreatment cases. Placement recommendations/decisions among all three systems were highly correlated, although the relationship was not so strong as to undermine the independence of any one system. Where there was disagreement between successive evaluations, it was in the direction of enhancing family integrity and parental access rights. We advanced three hypotheses to account for our findings: (a) changes in successive recommendations reflect the increasing sophistication of the assessment process; (b) changes reflect increasing distance from the family's ecology and are therefore increasingly ill informed; and (c) the changes are purely probabilistic, reflecting a drift toward the societal status quo.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Strategies for the management and control of antibiotic resistant organisms on a spinal cord injury unit.

Individuals with a spinal cord injury (SCI) are at an increased risk of infection and colonization. Frequent lengthy hospitalizations, invasive procedures, and skin breakdown contribute to this risk. Intermittent antibiotic use influences the emergence of antibiotic resistance in these organisms. As a result, there is risk of transmission of these antibiotic resistant organisms (ARO). This article describes the application of a continuous quality improvement model to evaluate ARO management strategies in a SCI unit. A conservative, labor intensive, crisis management approach to the control of ARO was replaced with a more cost effective prospective plan. The new strategies were aimed at control rather than eradication and included collaborative, multidisciplinary planning and improved resource utilization. Efforts have been successful and have resulted in the control of ARO.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1993

Psychiatric consultation in the eastern Canadian Arctic: I. Development and evolution of the Baffin Psychiatric Consultation Service.

The Baffin Consultation Service of the Clarke Institute of Psychiatry has been providing psychiatric consultation services to the Baffin Island region of the Eastern Canadian Arctic since 1971. This report describes the background history, development and evolution of the service. Attention is focused on aspects of the consultation visits, educational activities of the project and the development of a mental health network. It is suggested that this is a useful model for the provision of psychiatric services to remote areas with limited resources.

Arctic Regions↗
PubMed1993

Psychiatric consultation in the eastern Canadian Arctic: II. Referral patterns, diagnoses and treatment.

The clinical activities of the Baffin Consultation Service of the Clarke Institute of Psychiatry were examined. Demographic and clinical data are described based on clinical interviews and questionnaire items from 581 initial psychiatric referrals. More women than men were referred to the service; the mean age of the patients seen was 27.3 +/- 13.4 years. The majority of referred patients were single and unemployed. The most common reasons for referral were depression, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and family problems. The major diagnoses made were adjustment reactions and depressive disorders. Treatment was largely carried out in an outpatient setting through local health care professionals. The implications of these findings for this population and the development of community-based intervention programs are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Psychiatric consultation in the eastern Canadian Arctic: III. Mental health issues in Inuit women in the eastern Arctic.

This report describes mental health issues affecting Inuit women as seen in psychiatric consultation. Recent public and governmental attention has focused on the emotional and behavioural sequelae of rapid cultural change, spousal assault and sexual violence. The process of psychiatric consultant with the Inuit woman patient will be described. The need for innovative, community-based treatment strategies in this population will be emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Joint custody: historical, legal, and clinical perspectives with emphasis on the situation in Canada.

The search for ways to mitigate the effects of family breakdown on parents and children includes legislative and clinical efforts which to some extent influence each other. In the past year much public interest has been aroused in Canada, and particularly in Ontario, in the issue of legislative changes which would make joint custody the usual or "preferred" legal disposition of custody cases. This paper provides a discussion of the legislated preference, or "rebutable presumption" of joint custody from a historical, legal and clinical point of view. Definition and elaboration of what joint custody is from the legal and practical perspectives is provided with an emphasis on Canadian laws and practice. The legal rights of the non-custodial parent are explained, and relevant case law is highlighted. The relationship between joint custody, support orders and relitigation rates are elaborated. Following this is a critical overview of the empirical research on joint custody as it relates to the adjustment of children and parent satisfaction is included. It is concluded that while there is little question that shared parenting can be beneficial to children, the enthusiasm of legislators for joint custody has not been supported by empirical data. It is necessary to examine under what circumstances and for which kinds of parents and children joint custody might be beneficial since it is unlikely that one solution will fit the needs of all families and all stages of family life.

Canada↗
PubMed1986

Cost effectiveness of the antibiotic removal device for processing blood cultures.

The antimicrobial removal device (ARD) blood culture system has been reported to increase the sensitivity of isolation of pathogenic microorganisms in bacteremic patients who are already on antibiotics. To determine the usefulness of this system to the clinician for the diagnosis of bacteremia and to determine the additional cost incurred by the use of the system, the microbiological results at two hospitals over a period of two years were compared. A total of 25,124 standard blood cultures (SBC) were performed with a positive culture rate of 10.7 percent. Of the 858 specimens processed by ARD alone, 68 (7.9 percent) were positive. There were a total of 2,657 specimens from 910 patients that were processed simultaneously using both systems. Both ARD and SBC were negative in 2,249 specimens, and 290 blood cultures from 107 patients grew the same organism using both systems. Thirty-one specimens from 12 patients grew pathogenic bacteria from ARD bottles; in each the SBC culture was negative. However, in 21 patients (44 specimens) bacteremia was detected only in SBC with negative cultures from ARD bottles.Thus, in the vast majority of the cases, SBC alone was sufficient to detect bacteremia, even in the patient with recent or concomitant antibiotic therapy. The total processing cost was calculated for the cases in which SBC and ARD were performed simultaneously and was found to be $6,588 for SBC and $15,005 for ARD. The comparative cost per bacteremic patient detected by the two methods was $46.40 for SBC and $555.75 for ARD.

Bacteria↗