[Heterogeneity of splenic colonies formed by clonogenic hematopoietic cells of embryonic liver].
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
E I Domaratskaia
Publications and source records attributed to E I Domaratskaia.
[Properties of the hamatopoietic cells in mice with chromosome 19 trisomy].
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Animals↗
[Effect of actinomycin D on hematopoietic stem cells].
The effect of actinomycin D on stem hemopoietic cells in the bone marrow of adult mice has been studied by means of spleen colonies. The antibiotic at a dose of 0.4 mu g/ml (g) inhibited the colony formation when applied in vitro and stimulated this process in vivo. The reaction of stem hemopoietic cells to the antibiotic at a dose 0.04 mu g/ml (g) varied: in most experiments no cytotoxic effect was observed both in vitro and in vivo; moreover, in some cases the colony formation increased 1.5--2 times. Possible causes of the stimulating and inhibiting effect of the antibiotic are discussed.
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[RNA synthesis in bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells].
The effect of inhibitors of DNA-dependent RNA synthesis (sibiromycin and actinomycin D) and radio toxic doses of 3H-uridine on the bone marrow stem hemopoietic cells in adult mice was studied by means of spleen colonies. The short-term in vitro preincubation of the bone marrow cell suspension with the antibiotics and 3H-uridine resulted in the practically complete inhibition of colony formation. The bone marrow stem hemopoietic cells incorporated 3H-uridine intensively. In the normal adult animals the number of stem cells with the high level of RNA synthesis attained 40% whereas the rest 60% of cells were capable to activate the ribonucleic metabolism upon their in vitro preincubation.
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[Changes in the number of stem cells during mouse bone marrow cultivation on a sublayer of fibroblast-like cells].
A determination was made of the number of colonies in the spleen of irradiated mice after administration to them of a culture of mouse bone marrow cells. Colony-forming units proved to persist in the culture only for a short time. Use of preliminarily grown underlayer of fibroblasts of bone marrow origin had no effect on the perservation and dynamics of the changes in the number oc colony-forming units.
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[Chondro- and osteogenesis in ectopic transplants of embryonic mouse liver].
It was shown for the first time that when the liver of 14 day-old mouse fetuses was transplanted under the renal capsule or in the subcutaneous connective tissue of adult recipients, successive de novo formation of hyaline cartilage, bone, and hemopoietic foci took place. We propose that the liver mesenchyme, which preserves wider differentiation potencies in fetuses, is the cellular source of different types of mechanocytes: cartilaginous, bone, and reticular cells.
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[Effect of continuous gamma-radiation at low doses on clonogenic hemopoietic (CFU-S) and stromal (CFU-F) bone marrow cells ].
We studied the effects of low doses of continuous gamma-irradiation (Co60, 10 days, mean daily dose power 1.5-2.0 mGy, total dose 15 mGy) on hemopoietic and stromal progenitor cells of murine bone marrow. The content of hemopoietic clonogenic cells representing a "younger" (CFU-S-11) and more "mature" (CFU-S-7) categories in the compartment of stem cells was determined in the bone marrow. The state of bone marrow stroma was estimated by the method of in vitro cloning according to the number of progenitor cells that form colonies of fibroblasts (CFU-F) and by the method of ectopic transplantation according to the capacity of stroma of organizing and building new hemopoietic territories. Continuous gamma-irradiation at low doses, that were by one order of magnitude lower than those inducing hermesis, exerted a stimulating effect on both hemopoietic (CFU-S) and stromal (CFU-F) progenitor cells. The number of CFU-S in the compartment of stem cells of the bone marrow markedly increased and they formed larger hemopoietic territories but these cells appeared to create a qualitatively different microenvironment, which stimulated the proliferation of CFU-S.
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[Effects of 10-day long exposure to gamma irradiation at low doses on bone marrow cells in mice].
Effects of ten day long exposure to gamma-irradiation at low doses (mean dose rate of 1.5-2.0 m Gy/day, total dose of 15 m Gy) on hemopoietic (CFU-S) and stromal (CFU-F) progenitor cells from murine bone marrow were examined. The CFU-F content measured as in vitro fibroblastic colony number showed 1.5-4.5-fold increase. Additionally, the size of ectopic marrow transplants evaluated by counting myelokariocytes and CFU-S numbers also increased. No significant changes of CFU-S proliferation rate were found.
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[Comparative investigation of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from the bone marrow and embryonic liver of mouse and rat].
We studied the properties of cells forming fibroblast colonies from the bone marrow and embryonic liver of mouse and rat. Bone marrow and embryonic liver cells formed colonies in vitro including fibroblasts as well as a considerable proportion of macrophages. The colonies formed from bone marrow and hepatic cells of rat differed from the murine ones by a higher proportion of fibroblasts. Most colonies derived from the bone marrow of both mouse and rat included a proportion of cells expressing acid phosphatase, and hence, capable of osteogenic differentiation; the colonies derived from the embryonic liver included low proportions of such cells. Cell layers derived from the colony-forming fibroblasts of both the bone marrow and embryonic liver of mouse maintained hematopoiesis in the peritoneal cavity of irradiated mice, which indicates that these precursor cells can form hematopoietic environment.
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[Embryonic sources of definitive hemopoietic stem cells].
A review of one of the key problems of experimental hematology: the origin of hemopoietic stem cells in the development of vertebrates (amphibians, birds, and mammals). The appearance and functioning of two independent sources of hemopoietic stem cells (extra- and intraembryonic) were considered in amphibians, birds, and mammals. The contribution of each source to the formation of definitive hemopoietic tissue was analyzed. It was shown for amphibians and birds that intraembryonic organs such as the dorsolateral plate and the mesenchyme of dorsal aorta are involved in the formation of adult hemopoietic tissue, while the extraembryonic organs such as ventral islets and the yolk sac are devoid of true stem cells and provide only for the primary, transient hemopoiesis. New data have been considered concerning the previously unknown intraembryonic hemopoietic organ in mammals, a region of aorta-gonad-mesonephros arising in embryogenesis simultaneously with the yolk sac. Two extreme views on the involvement of stem cells of all these organs in the formation of definitive hemopoiesis have been considered. The data are provided on the interaction of the embryonic hemopoietic stem cells and the hemopoietic microenvironment of adult recipients.
Amphibians↗
[Alkylating damage by dipin of hematopoietic and stromal cells of the bone marrow].
Effect of alkylating agent dipin was studied on hematopoietic (CFU-S) and stromal (CFU-F) progenitor cells. Single administration of dipin (0.06 mg/g) to adult (CBAxC57Bl/6) F1 hybrid mice induced a long-term (2 years) oscillations in the numbers of day 7 CFU-S and day 11 CFU-S in the bone marrow and spleen. Dipin also damaged the hematopoietic stroma as indicated by decreased numbers of CFU-F which remained low for at least a year. The capacity of stromal cells to form ectopic hematopoietic foci was considerably inhibited and also remained low for 10 months. The obtained data suggest high dipin sensitivity of the earliest hematopoietic and stromal cells. The dynamics of CFU-S numbers in the hematopoietic organs supports their functioning on the basis of clonal succession (Kay, 1965).
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[Mesenchymal stem cells: sources, phenotype, and differentiation potential].
Mesenchymal stem cells present in the bone marrow and some other organs are primitive pluripotent precursors of osseous, cartilaginous, adipose, and other mesenchymal tissues. The recently revealed capacity of these cells for differentiation into nonmesenchymal derivatives is of considerable theoretical and practical interest. However, many aspects of the biology of these cells remain obscure despite active research. This review considers possible sources and methods for the isolation of mesenchymal stem cells, their potential for proliferation and differentiation in different directions, and outlooks of their therapeutic application. A model of parent-progeny relationships of stromal cells is proposed, and the problems of regulation of proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal precursors as well as their role in the maintenance of regeneration and tissue functioning are discussed.
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[Clonogenic hemopoietic cells (CFU-S) in mouse pre- and postnatal ontogeny].
Content of three classes of clonogenic haemopoietic cells (CFU-S-7, CFU-S-11 and CFU-S-ep) was determined in haemopoietic organs of mouse during embryogenesis (10, 14 and 18 day) and postnatal ontogenesis (2, 3 and 7 day, 1, 2, 3 and 18 month). CFU-S-7 and CFU-S-11 that from big splenic colonies on 7th and 11th days of transplantation are present in liver, spleen and bone marrow at all developmental stages. However their concentration and CFU-S-7 CFU-S-11 ratio change in haemopoietic organs. CFU-S-ep that form small colonies on 11th day are observed before birth in liver and spleen and 1 week after birth there and also in bone marrow but are practically absent from haemopoietic organs of older animals. Thus, CFU-S compartment structure is characterized by definite ratio of its subpopulations. It seems to reflect functional state of haemopoietic system during development.
Aging↗
[Histological study of splenic colonies at different times following the transplantation of hematopoietic cells from embryonic liver].
Histological analysis was carried out on the hemopoietic spleen colonies within 7 and 11 days after transplantation of the embryonic liver cells. Large superficial colonies were always present and were, predominantly, erythroid and mixed. Small superficial colonies consisted of undifferentiated cells and, unlike large colonies, appeared on the 11th day only. In the spleen thickness erythroid colonies predominated. The possibility of formation of small superficial 11 day colonies at the expense of pre-CFU-S is discussed.
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[Existence of pre-CFU-S in the liver of mouse embryos].
Two types of CFU-s different in the size of their colonies have been found in the liver of 14 day old mice embryo. Statistic processing of the data allowed to prove that large spleen colonies are formed directly by CFU-s, whereas small colonies are formed by pre-CFU-s which undergo preliminary proliferation and only the stochastically differentiate into CFU-s. Approximate concentration of pre-CFU-s constitutes 2.67 per 10(5) embryo liver cells.
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[Sensitivity of the hematopoietic stem cells of anemic animals to actinomycin D].
It was shown on the model of anemic animals by the method of spleen colonies that non-proliferating CFU-S were resistant against the cytotoxic effect of actinomycin D in concentrations 0.04 to 0.4 micrograms/ml. The entry of CFU-S in proliferation was accompanied by a sharp increase of the sensitivity to the antibiotic in a dose blocking DNA-dependent rRNA synthesis.
Anemia↗
[The effect of 5-fluorouracil on the clonogenic hematopoietic cells (CFU-S) of embryonic and sexually mature mice].
We studied sensitivity of various types of clonogenic hemopoietic cells (CFU-S-7, CFU-S-11, and CFU-ep) on the liver of 14-days embryos and from the bone marrow and spleen of adult mice to the cytotoxic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in vitro and in vivo. We discovered that different types of CFU-S of the embryos and adult mice has similar sensitivity to 5-FU in vitro. At the same time in vivo the bone marrow CFU-S-7 display a higher sensitivity to 5-FU than CFU-S-11, thus agreeing with the published data (Hodgson and Bradley, 1979). The differences between the 5-FU effects in vitro and in vivo are related to the hemopoietic microenvironment, which modulates the cytotoxic 5-FU effect in vivo.
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[The 5-fluorouracil sensitivity of the hematopoietic stroma of the bone marrow and spleen].
We studied the effect of a single injection of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (150 mg/kg) on the numbers of stromal precursor cells (CFU-F) in the bone marrow and spleen and their capacity for formation of hemopoietic foci after ectopic transplantation under the renal capsule. 5-FU decreased the number of CFU-F in the bone marrow and spleen of mice and rats to 30 - 50% of the control values. The size of transplants, as estimated according to the number of hemopoietic clonogenic (CFU-S) and nucleated cells, diminished within the first two months after transplantation. Within four months after transplantation the size of the bone marrow transplants approached the control level, while that of the spleen transplants markedly exceeded the control level. Differences in the growth rate of regenerating transplants of the hemopoietic organs are discussed with special reference to the organ specific features of populations of the stromal cells.
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