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Biomedical subjects

E I Mukhin

Publications and source records attributed to E I Mukhin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

The role of the substantia nigra in cognitive activity in cats.

The role of the substantia nigra in cognitive processes of different levels of complexity was studied using an original method. Neurosurgical or neurochemical exclusion of the substantia nigra in cats led to significant impairment of conditioned reflex activity, generalization and abstraction processes; these recovered with pharmacological treatment directed to the dopaminergic system, with partial recovery after treatment directed to the GABAergic and cholinergic systems. Treatment directed to the serotoninergic system was ineffective.

1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine↗
PubMed2003

[Behavioral therapy of ticks with negative reinforcement in children].

Thirty-two children suffering from motor and vocal ticks exhibited weakness and distonia of ticks-prone muscles were examined. Based on the results obtained earlier, a complex of physical exercises has been worked out and conducted for 20 days. The patients were divided into 3 groups: 1st (n = 10) group did the exercises daily for training the ticks-prone muscles; the 2nd one (n = 10) exercised only after tick's appearance--negative reinforcement; 3rd group (n = 12) did exercises after tick's appearance as well but on irregular basis--probable negative reinforcement. In the 1st group, the exercising resulted in muscle strengthening and decrease of tick's number. The patients of the 2nd group got rid of ticks for 20 days. The probable tick's reinforcement in children of the 3rd group did not change pathological muscle activity. The central mechanisms of cortical plasticity in behavioral therapy of ticks are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[The role of substantia nigra in the cognitive activity in cats].

The role of substantia nigra (SN) in the cat cognitive activity of different complexity degree, was investigated by original technique. Neurosurgery or neurochemical SN switching off leads to reliable disturbances of condition, reflexes, generalization and abstraction. Rehabilitation was possible after pharmacological stimulation of dopaminergic, partly GABA-ergic, and cholinergic systems. Stimulation of serotonin system was ineffective.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗
PubMed1993

[The cholinergic synapses of the associative temporal area of the neocortex in the realization of cognitive functions].

Subsynaptic fractions from light and heavy synaptosomes of the cat temporal associative cortex were tested for choline-acetyltransferase activity in respect to ability of preverbal notion formation. Most of the fractions revealed no connection with the intellectual capacity. Involvement of the cholinergic synapses of the temporal associative cortex in functions of generalisation and abstraction, is discussed.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1988

[Structuro-functional organization of thalamic insufficiency].

The role of thalamic parafascicular complex in the intellectual processes was studied in freely behaving cats using an original model of alternative choice with different signal systems generalization based on the principle of preverbal notions formation. Lateral and medial parts of the thalamic parafascicular complex represent two systems of different information processing. These were connected, on the one hand, with the conditioned reflex activity of the brain and on the other, with the generalization function.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Efferent connections of the striatum with the Ep field of the temporal cortex in the cat].

When horseradish peroxidase was injected into the Ep area of the temporal cortex of 5 cats, the distribution of the labelled neurons in the strio-pallidum and in the nucleus of Meynert was similar in all the cases. In the striatum predominantly large cells (in the nucleus caudatus and in the putamen), as well as middle and small (in the putamen) cells were labelled. Comparing the form and size of the labelled cells in the striatum, revealed in Golgi preparations, it is possible to conclude that large labelled neurons correspond to long-axonal sparsely-branching reticular neurons, and middle and small--to long-axonal densely-branching dendroid "spinular" neurons. The large cells of the striatum can be considered as a part of a vast macrocellular ascending system of the forebrain, its preservation maintains the higher integrative functions of the brain.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Role of the frontal cortex in the differentiation of conditioned stimuli].

Unrestrained cats were trained for a two-side choice of alimentary reinforcement in response to one of two initial figures differing in size (larger--smaller). Subsequently, new tasks were presented with the same alternative: differentiation of geometric figures, contour pictures, differentiation of the number of stimuli (two or five asterisks), abstraction from present signals (tasks with temporal extrapolation) a. oth. It has been shown that ablation of the proreal gyrus does not affect simple forms of generalisation, but excludes detection of a quantitative parameter and disturbs elementary abstract thinking.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Participation of caudate nucleus in different forms of voluntary activity in cats.

Different forms of behavior (instrumental conditioned reflexes, generalization tests, extrapolatory reflexes) were investigated before and after lesions of the caudate nucleus or pharmacological influence on its cholinergic systems. Postoperative deficit was small in well-elaborated forms of behavior and large in complex tasks. Chemical stimulation of the caudate nucleus was followed by depression of acquired forms of alimentary behavior.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The neuropharmacological restoration of cognitive functions of cats following a lesion to the basal nuclei of the forebrain (Meynert's nucleus).

The functions of generalization and abstraction in an experimental model of Alzheimer's disease (the lesion of Meynert's nuclei in cats) were studied against the background of stimulation and inhibition of the cholinergic, GABAergic, and dopaminergic systems of the brain. It was demonstrated that the cholinergic system is a key system for the formation of the function of generalization, the dopaminergic system improves simple forms of learning, while the GABAergic system is actively involved in the establishment of complex types of associations.

Acetylcholine↗