Biomedical subjects

E I Severinsson

Publications and source records attributed to E I Severinsson.

15 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

Nurses' reflections on episodes occurring during their provision of care--an interview study.

The aim of this study was to investigate nurses' reflections and interpretations regarding their provision of care, through interviews (N 46), using a hermeneutic method of analysis. Nurses work in a milieu that has undergone constant changes such as, in organisation, decreased number of staff, and with patients demanding more advanced care. The care provided, based on the nurses' narrated episodes were interpreted as two main aspects: interpersonal oriented aspects and task oriented aspects. The subaspects were identified as 'nurse-patient relationship', 'ability to understand the patients' suffering' and 'taking responsibility'.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Imperative ideals and the strenuous reality: focusing on acute psychiatry.

The aim of this study was to describe the complexity of the working situation on an acute psychiatric ward as well as how nurses balance tensions between ideals and the reality of daily work. By means of field research, the study aimed to arrive at a deeper understanding of the reality that nursing staff and patients experience. The analysis shows that the acute and unpredictable character of the working situation in combination with short hospital stays results in a tentative and summary nursing care characterized by 'therapeutic superficiality'. This constitutes a hindrance to encountering the patient as a person. The demand on 'treatment effectiveness' creates work-related stress. Hence, a partly articulated conflict develops between the professional and humanistic ideals of psychiatric nursing and the strenuous reality that the staff have to adjust to. This conflict is solved in various ways, depending on whether they belong to the pragmatic, idealist, traditionalist or enforcer attitude in relation to the ward's mandate. The demand on treatment effectiveness seems to promote a medical model in the daily work, even though a humanistic and existential approach can be traced in the nurses' caring philosophy.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2001

Confirmation, meaning and self-awareness as core concepts of the nursing supervision model.

The general objective of nursing supervision is to support the development of the supervisee's job identity, competence, skills and ethics. This can be achieved through the stages of the supervision process. The aim of this article is to describe and discuss such a nursing supervision model, as well as the supervisor's competence and moral responsibility, by analysing the interpretation of nursing supervision. Three main concepts are described: confirmation, meaning and self-awareness. The findings suggest that these concepts need to be established in the nursing supervision process by the supervisor, who is morally responsible for applying the process and for establishing a relationship with the supervisees.

Clinical Competence↗

PubMed1999

Ethics in clinical nursing supervision--an introduction to the theory and practice of different supervision models.

In clinical nursing supervision there are many complex ethical problems. This paper gives an answer to the question of what different clinical supervision models are available, explored from an ethical point of view. Four tentative ethically oriented supervision models, more or less related to the clinical supervision models, were found: decision-making oriented, case-oriented, principle-oriented and value-oriented. Questions of ethical issues and dilemmas related to the clinical supervision process have been addressed specifically to nurse clinical supervisors. It is interesting to note that the three dilemmas found in this study are related to the relationship between supervisor and supervisee. Clinical nursing supervision is an ongoing systematic process that encourages and supports both improved professional and improved administrative practice. In this process the nurse clinical supervisor is committed in her/his role to compromise and to take responsibility for the supervisee's professional development.

Conflict, Psychological↗

PubMed1999

A description of health care professionals' experiences of encounters with patients in clinical settings.

The aim of this study was to describe health care professionals' way of experiencing their encounters with in- or outpatients, while working in acute medical care hospitals. One main question was addressed: What are the experiences which health care professionals have of their encounters with in- or outpatients in clinical settings? Eleven health care professionals (physicians, registered nurses and enrolled nurses) were interviewed and a phenomenographic approach was used, where data were analysed qualitatively. The results indicate that the health care professionals' way of experiencing their encounters with patients in acute medical care hospitals could be separated into three categories of description: a gain in personal knowledge and understanding of the patients' different 'ways' of communicating experienced suffering; making the patient feel confident and; focusing on the medical problems, not understanding the patient's different 'ways' of communicating their experienced suffering. The first two categories of description showed encounters where the health care professionals felt that they could understand the patients' expressions of suffering. The third showed encounters where the health care professionals experienced difficulty in understanding the patients' expressions of suffering. There is a need therefore to support health care professionals in improving their understanding of patients' suffering.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1999

Clinical nursing supervision in the workplace--effects on moral stress and job satisfaction.

AIM: To investigate nurses' satisfaction with their work environment and moral stress levels as effects of systematic clinical nursing supervision. BACKGROUND: Nurses have identified high workload, low influence over work assignment, limited avenues for skills development and diminishing support from supervisors as sources of considerable tension resulting in deterioration of work conditions and decreased job satisfaction. METHODS: This study is a descriptive-correlational study. Data were analysed by means of descriptive statistics. RESULTS: The major result indicates moral stress in the workplace. It was found that a significant relationship existed between moral sensitivity and systematic nursing clinical supervision. CONCLUSION: The results point to the need to support nurses in developing personal qualities, integrated knowledge and self-awareness, which is in line with the effects of clinical nursing supervision reported in other studies.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Time- and task-oriented communication in the psychosocial care of patients with chronic illness.

The aim of this study was to investigate from the nursing perspective the psychosocial content of the nurse-patient communication in elderly care. Data were collected through the use of diary notes in which nurses recorded their interaction with seven randomly selected patients. Four nursing students, eight enrolled nurses, four nursing aides, and thirteen registered nurses participated within the context in which they worked. The findings from the naive reading and the structural analysis of the themes and sub-themes were reflected upon in the light of the pre-understanding of psychiatric knowledge. Two main themes emerged from the analysis: time-oriented and task-oriented communication.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Bridging the gap between theory and practice: a supervision programme for nursing students.

This paper describes nursing students' views of a supervision programme provided during the second semester of their education, which was their first period of nursing practice. A form with open questions and a 24-item questionnaire were completed by the 28 nursing students. The analysis of their responses was a combination of factor analysis and grounded theory approach, based on comparative analysis. The results indicate two specific effects of the programme: personal growth and integration of knowledge. The process of creating knowledge includes four stages: awareness of concepts and phenomena, development of a 'language of caring', development of a 'model' of communication, and reflection gained as an effect of the intervention. The nursing students reported that reflection was a way to bridge the gap between theory and practice. Their views of the effect of the supervision showed high values for the following three factors: improved interpersonal skills, improved professional skills, and improved communication skills.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Expert views on clinical supervision: a study based on interviews.

Clinical supervision is a didactic process of the purpose of human development and maturity. The aim of this study is to analyse views on clinical supervision held by a number of experts, and to reflect on the effects and value of clinical supervision in relation to public health. Data were collected by interviews and analysed in accordance with the grounded theory construction model. The results showed that clinical supervision is an integration process guiding a person from 'novice to expert' by establishing a relationship of trust between supervisor and supervisee. This study indicates that implementation of systematic clinical supervision may positively affect quality of care, and patients' recovery, create improved feeling of confidence in one's work, and prevent burnout among staff. The negative aspects, as reported, were the possibility of high 'opportunity costs', e.g. the time loss for patient care by those participating in organized systematic supervision. On the other hand, clinical supervision contributes towards more efficient use of resources and hence avoids unnecessary costs. However, neither of these aspects were further elaborated on by the experts but clearly indicate an important field for further research.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMed1997

Implementation of clinical supervision in a medical department: nurses' views of the effects.

The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate nurses' views of the effects of clinical supervision in terms of its influence over their working situation, as well as their satisfaction with their working milieu. The nurses who took part in an education programme and a clinical supervision programme worked on two wards in a medical clinic. Nurses answered a questionnaire measuring the psychosocial environment. Data were analysed by means of descriptive statistics. Results showed that the nurses felt more confirmed in their work and more satisfied with the information given after 9 months of clinical supervision. Results point to the need for further investigations concerning clinical supervision as a method of achieving job satisfaction among nurses.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

Systematic clinical supervision, working milieu and influence over duties: the psychiatric nurse's viewpoint--a pilot study.

This pilot study describes nurses' experiences of the effects of clinical supervision on psychiatric health care, their views on their working milieu and duties, and the relationship between the nurses' experiences and perceptions. The sample consisted of 26 trained nurses (nine registered nurses and 17 licensed mental nurses) who took part in a clinical supervision intervention programme pursued in two wards at a psychiatric clinic. The effects of clinical supervision were evaluated using a questionnaire. The analysis showed that there were no relationships between the effects of clinical supervision and variables relating to working milieu and duties. It was concluded that implementation of clinical supervision based on a theoretical structure influences both nurses' sensibility towards their patients, and their personal growth.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Clinical supervisors' views of their leadership role in the clinical supervision process within nursing care.

The purpose of this study was to investigate nurse supervisors' views of their supervisory styles, their personal qualities and their leadership role, and the development of these styles. The sample consisted of 18 clinical nurse supervisors. The data were collected by interviews using 15 open-ended questions, and a 10-item questionnaire, and the analysis was a combination of hermeneutical and factor analysis. The analysis revealed two specific styles: the emotional and the cognitive supervisory style. The supervisor's personal qualities were: willingness and preparedness to show understanding, bringing out genuine feelings and 'confirming', the latter being the most important in the nurse supervisors' styles. The supervisors' views of their leadership role showed that high values were given to the following three factors: techniques in providing clinical supervision, responsibility for facilitating process, responsibility for creating a climate conducive to supervision and focusing on the main themes.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMed1996

Nurse supervisors' views of their supervisory styles in clinical supervision: a hermeneutical approach.

The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyse the nurse supervisors' styles with special focus on their actions in the supervision session, their expectations with regard to the 'ideal' supervisor and their 'visions' regarding effects of clinical supervision, as well as their views of ethics, rules and values that they are guided by in clinical supervision. This study used a hermeneutic approach in order to characterize nurse supervisor style. Data were collected by open-ended interviews with skilled and experienced nurse supervisors (n = 18). The interpretation is that the supervisors' actions in clinical supervision may affect their ability to understand their actions. Whether a supervisor acts as the 'real' supervisor or attains to the level of the 'ideal' supervisor depends on her/his state of preparedness reached through reflection. The nurse supervisors' perceptions of styles are: striving to perfect the art of communication in the supervision session by using selected techniques; to assist in increasing the supervisees' self-esteem and autonomy by reflecting on essential themes in the supervision dialogue; and striving to attain the level of the 'ideal' supervisor, expressing a positive attitude to and motivation for theoretical and practical knowledge, and developing the supervisees' human attitudes.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMed1995

The phenomenon of clinical supervision in psychiatric health care.

The main objective of this study is to describe how nurses experience clinical supervision in psychiatric care. The study design is explorative and descriptive. A clinical supervision process with a theoretical approach to caring includes a learning process, the application of a caring process, and a relationship process. An important aspect of this theoretical approach is the spiritual dimension of caring and its manifestation in the supervision process as well as in the development of the nurse's identity. The results indicate the following phenomena: guilt and a feeling of guilt, reconciliation, forgiveness and loneliness.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

The concept of supervision in psychiatric care--compared with mentorship and leadership. A review of the literature.

The purpose of the paper is to describe supervision and its significance compared with mentorship and leadership in health care. In addition, supervision is compared with other forms of processes for staff training in psychotherapy and psychosocial work. Supervision can be defined as a pedagogical process, where clinical experiences are made clear and systematized in a professional context. This requires a continual and systematic review process with an emphasis on solving problems.

Education, Nursing, Continuing↗