Biomedical subjects

E Isogai

Publications and source records attributed to E Isogai.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMed1992

Three types of binding by Porphyromonas gingivalis and oral bacteria to fibronectin, buccal epithelial cells and erythrocytes.

This study showed that the interaction of oral bacteria with fibronectin differed with the type of organism examined. Significant binding of fibronectin was found with Porphyromonas gingivalis non-fimbriated (F-) strain in comparison with the fimbriated strain (F+). However, the F+ strain adhered to buccal epithelial cells in significantly larger numbers than the F- strain. Fibronectin binding and epithelial cell adherence were not associated with haemagglutinating activity. These assays clearly define at least three distinct types of binding by oral bacteria: to fibronectin, buccal epithelial cells and erythrocytes.

Adhesins, Bacterial↗

PubMed1992

Serum factors responsible for unusual induction of plasminogen activator activity in tuberous sclerosis.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes derived from tuberous sclerosis (TS) patients showed unusually high levels of plasminogen activator (PA) activity after treatment with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). Serum obtained from peripheral blood of TS patients also enhanced the PA activity level when normal control lymphocytes were incubated with the serum prior to MNNG treatment. Factors exhibiting the enhancing activity were eluted with a solution of about 0.70 M KCl on dye-ligand chromatography, which were inhibited on incubation with an anti-human interferon (HuIFN)-beta antibody, but not with anti-HuIFN-alpha or anti-HuIFN-gamma antibodies. Unlike in the case of HuIFN-beta, the eluted samples did not possess antiviral or anticellular activity. Thus, it seems likely that serum from TS patients contains factors which are responsible for the unusual PA induction and which have a similar epitope to HuIFN-beta.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease: cellular hypersensitivity to ultraviolet light.

We report two connatal cases of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) with cellular ultraviolet (UV)-hypersensitivity. We studied the UV-sensitivity of cultured fibroblast cells derived from these PMD cases, as compared with UV-sensitive Cockayne syndrome (CS) and xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) cells as positive controls. The ability of the PMD cells to form colonies after UV irradiation was intermediate between those of CS cells and normal controls. There were no differences in both colony-forming ability after x-ray irradiation and unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) activity after UV irradiation between the PMD cells and the control cells. These cytological results suggest the possibility that a DNA defect might be involved in PMD.

Cells, Cultured↗

PubMed1992

Oligo-2',5'-adenylate synthetase activity in cells persistently infected with human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I).

Spontaneous production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) was shown in several T-lymphoblastoid cell lines persistently infected with human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1). However, the produced IFN-gamma was not always associated with the induction of the antivirus state. The induction of oligo-2',5'-adenylate synthetase (2-5AS) by IFN was studied in five human T-cell lines persistently infected with HTLV-I (MT-1, MT-2, SMT-1, HUT 102 and OKM-2). Four cell lines are able to produce IFN-gamma spontaneously, while the OKM-2 cell line is not. Poor induction of 2-5AS was recognized in three (MT-1, MT-2 and SMT-1) of the four cell lines producing IFN-gamma, though the poor induction was improved after long-term cultivation of cells with IFN-alpha. On the contrary, in the OKM-2 cell line, significant activity of the enzyme was induced by IFN-alpha. Induction of 2-5AS was not correlated with cell growth inhibition, but with the antivirus state. Furthermore, an inverse relationship between IFN-gamma production and 2-5AS induction was demonstrated in these cell lines with the exception of HUT 102 cells.

2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase↗

PubMed1992

Antibody response to oral streptococci in Behçet's disease.

The serum antibody titers against oral streptococci were studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) both in patients with Behçet's disease (BD) and control groups. The patients with BD showed significantly higher antibody titers to S. sanguis strains 113-20, 114-23, and 118-1 which were isolated from patients with BD, in comparison with control groups. Also, the reactions of high-titered sera to the crude cell wall and soluble (or membrane) fractions of the 113-20 strain were observed by western blot test. The sera of the patients with BD demonstrated strong bands of approximately 36 kDa, 82 kDa, and 87 kDa in the crude cell wall fractions, and many bands of 80 kDa to 150 kDa in the membrane fractions, indicating that these proteins are the ones leading the high antibody titers to this bacterium in the sera of patients with BD.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗

PubMed1992

Seroepidemiological survey for antibody to Borrelia burgdorferi in cows.

Antibody to Borrelia burgdorferi was examined in 380 healthy and 38 clinical cases of cows from Hokkaido and Shizuoka in Japan. In healthy animals, IgG and IgM antibody to B. burgdorferi HO14 strain were found in 44 cows (14.6%) and 24 cows (8.0%) from Hokkaido. In contrast, antibody-positive case was not observed except for only 1 case which was IgM positive (1/79: 1.3%) in cows from Shizuoka. Mean antibody levels of healthy animals in Hokkaido and Shizuoka were 0.651 and 0.263 (IgG antibody to HO14 strain), 0.642 and 0.169 (IgG to HP3 strain), 0.613 and 0.367 (IgM to HO14 strain) and 0.582 and 0.286 (IgM to HP3 strain). The differences of the antibody levels between cows from Hokkaido and Shizuoka were significant. Seasonal difference was found in seropositive cows from Hokkaido. The rate of seropositive cows was high in summer (23.4% in June and 11.8% in July) but low in winter (0% in January and February). The pattern was discussed to be associated with activation of ticks. One of 4 cows with arthritis showed significantly higher IgG antibody level than that of healthy cows and cows with some disease, although the serum was collected from Shizuoka where antibody-positive animals for B. burgdorferi were rare among healthy cows. This high IgG antibody may suggest that the arthritis of such cows was caused by infection with B. burgdorferi. Two of 7 cows with unclassified abortion showed positive antibody reaction in Hokkaido. These cases, however, may not be related to the B. burgdorferi infection because the positive rate was similar to those of healthy cows in the same season.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Detection of antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi in patients with uveitis.

We determined the antibody response against Borrelia burgdorferi strains isolated from Japanese Ixodes ovatus and Ixodes persulcatus ticks by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect immunofluorescence assay of serum specimens from 127 patients with uveitis. We examined samples of serum from Japanese patients with unclassified uveitis, iridocyclitis caused by herpes zoster virus, Behçet's disease, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome, sarcoidosis, or other conditions (sympathetic ophthalmia, Posner-Schlossman syndrome and acute anterior uveitis with ankylosing spondylitis). Serum from healthy individuals and patients with Lyme disease served as negative and positive control samples, respectively. Significantly higher antibody titers were demonstrated in patients with uveitis than in control subjects. Of 29 patients with unclassified uveitis, nine (31) had significantly increased antibody titers against B. burgdorferi strain H014 by ELISA testing. Five patients also showed higher IgG and IgM responses than in three control subjects with Lyme disease. All positive controls showed joint problems characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis. One of three patients had uveitis. The patients were diagnosed as having Lyme disease on the basis of their history and serologic tests. A positive antibody response was recognized in several patients with Behçet's disease, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome, sarcoidosis, and other conditions (acute anterior uveitis with ankylosing spondylitis), but not in control subjects.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗

PubMed1991

Platelet aggregation induced by uncommon serotypes of Streptococcus sanguis isolated from patients with Behçet's disease.

Uncommon serotypes were tested for their ability to induce aggregation in platelet-rich plasma. Both uncommon and common serotypes induced platelet aggregation in rabbit platelet-rich plasma, but serotonin release was higher with the uncommon serotypes. Aggregation at ATP release varied between uncommon and common serotypes. With human platelet-rich plasma, only uncommon serotypes showed aggregation. Differences in serotype selectivity and the rate of aggregation were noted among platelet donors. About half of the patients with Behçet's disease and 30% of health controls showed platelet aggregation. Plasma from non-responder patients with Behçet's disease inhibited aggregation of healthy responder platelets within 20 min. Thus selective binding of uncommon serotypes of Strep. sanguis to platelets might cause the vasculitis in Behçet's disease.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗

PubMed1991

Insusceptibility of Cockayne syndrome-derived lymphocytes to plasminogen activator-like protease induction by ultraviolet rays and its abolition by interferon.

Protease induced by ultraviolet rays (UV) has been extensively investigated in human cells. Plasminogen activator-like protease (PA) activity was induced soon after UV irradiation in peripheral lymphocytes derived from healthy donors. In contrast, UV-irradiated lymphocytes derived from Cockayne syndrome (CS) cases did not show marked protease inducibility. Epstein-Barr (EB) virus-transformed CS lymphoblastoid cells were also characterized by insusceptibility to UV-induction of PA. However, when CS-derived cells were treated with a human interferon (HuIFN) preparation prior to irradiation, induction of PA activity was detected, irrespective of the kind of HuIFN (alpha or gamma). The results indicate the possibility of abnormal PA metabolism in CS-derived cells.

Cell Survival↗

PubMed1991

Application of a sucrose indicator strip to evaluate salivary sucrose clearance.

This study examined salivary sucrose clearance times of 96 subjects using sucrose indicator strips. Subjects with high caries experience had a longer salivary sucrose clearance time than those with a low caries experience. The flow rate of unstimulated but not of stimulated saliva was significantly related to sucrose clearance. This finding is consistent with that of other studies on salivary clearance. The sucrose indicator strips are simple to use and sucrose clearance tests using these strips do involve instrumental analyses. It is concluded that the strips investigated are simple and effective and merit further investigation.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

The inhibitory effects of oligonucleotides, complementary to Marek's disease virus mRNA transcribed from the BamHI-H region, on the proliferation of transformed lymphoblastoid cells, MDCC-MSB1.

An oligonucleotide complementary to the splice donor sequence of the 1.8 kb gene family produced from the BamHI-H region of Marek's disease virus (MDV) DNA inhibited the proliferation of the MDV-derived lymphoblastoid cell line, MDCC-MSB1 (MSB-1), but not that of the avian lymphoid leukosis-derived lymphoblastoid cell line, LSCC-BK3. Colony formation in soft agar was also inhibited by treatment of MSB-1 cells with the antisense oligonucleotide. It is hypothesized that expression of the 1.8 kb gene family produced from the BamHI-H region is directly associated with the maintenance of the tumorigenic state of transformed Marek's disease-derived lymphoblastoid cells.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Colonization of Helicobacter pylori in the gastric mucosa of Mongolian gerbils.

Helicobacter pylori was orally inoculated into Mongolian gerbils. The organisms were able to colonize in the gastro-mucosal layer of the gerbils, especially in those gerbils which had mucosal lesions caused by indomethacin treatment. The pathological changes developed by H. pylori infection were restricted to the stomachs, and only slightly inflammatory cells were observed.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Nucleosomal structure of Marek's disease virus genome in transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines, MDCC-MSB1 and MDCC-RP1.

The latent MDV (Marek's disease virus) genomes are folded into nucleosomal structures in both virus-productive and -nonproductive lymphoblastoid cell lines, MDCC-MSB1 (MSB-1) and -RP1 (RP-1), respectively. There was no difference between transcriptionally active and inactive regions of MDV genome with regard to nucleosomal patterns. In order to investigate whether nucleosomal structure is correlated with the repression of the transcription of MDV genome in lymphoblastoid cells, we examined the DNaseI sensitivity of nucleosomal MDV DNA in lymphoblastoid cell lines, MSB-1 and RP-1. No difference in the DNaseI sensitivity between transcriptionally active and inactive MDV DNA regions in lymphoblastoid cells was observed.

Blotting, Northern↗

PubMed1991

Serological survey for Lyme disease in sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Seventy-six wild sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) from areas endemic for Borrelia burgdorferi during 1988 to 1989 had the IgG antibody to the bacteria in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The percentage of seropositive deer was 25.0% to strain HO14 and 22.4% to strain HP3, respectively. Specific IgG antibody titers were high in summer but low in winter. In summer, seropositive deer were 75.0%. Similar results were obtained in serum specimens obtained monthly from 4 farmed deer. It was suggested that the sika deer could be one of the wild reservoirs for B. burgdorferi in Hokkaido, Japan. The transmission risk of B. burgdorferi is considered to be greatest during late spring to early summer.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Chemiluminescence of neutrophils from patients with Behçet's disease and its correlation with an increased proportion of uncommon serotypes of Streptococcus sanguis in the oral flora.

Zymosan-induced chemiluminescence was investigated in whole blood and in neutrophils: in both, the peak count was frequently elevated in Behçet's disease, and was significantly higher than in healthy controls; similarly the peak time was shorter. There were more uncommon serotypes of Streptococcus sanguis in the oral flora of patients with Behçet's disease. Common serotypes were present in the flora of healthy controls, but not in patients with the disease. The percentage of Strep. sanguis in the oral flora was significantly correlated with the level of chemiluminescence response. Thus infection with uncommon serotypes of Strep. sanguis may play a role in the aetiology of Behçet's disease.

Behcet Syndrome↗

PubMed1990

Macrophage activation by leptospiral lipopolysaccharide.

Leptospiral lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) extracted from Leptospira interrogans serovars copenhageni and hebdomadis were tested for the ability to induce macrophage activation. In-vitro analysis showed that each leptospiral LPS was a potent activator to macrophages. After stimulation with the LPSs, interleukin-1 (IL-1) secretion, interferon (IFN) production and chemiluminescence (CL) response were induced. Intravenous high-dose injection of the leptospiral LPSs induced various lesions such as necrosis of the liver, and the LPSs were detected in macrophages in the liver, spleen and lymphnodes by immunohistochemical examination. Enhancement of macrophage activity in mice inoculated with low doses of leptospiral LPS was recognized. The macrophages of the LPS-treated mice showed a significantly higher bactericidal action than those of control mice. The beta-galactosidase and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) positive cells in macrophages of the LPS-treated mice increased significantly. In the NBT reduction test after phagocytosis of latex beads or Salmonella typhimurium, the macrophages of the LPS-treated mice showed a significantly higher activity than those of control mice.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi in dogs in Hokkaido.

During 1985 to 1990, serum samples were obtained from 229 healthy dogs. The dogs lived in Hokkaido, known to be infested with ticks. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect IgG and IgM antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi HO14 and HP3, which were isolated from Ixodes ovatus and I. persulcatus in the area. IgG antibody to B. burgdorferi HO14 was detected in 8.8% (1985), 16.4% (1987) and 18.5% (1990). IgM antibody to the bacteria was detected in 1.8% (1987) and 2.5% (1990). Antibodies to the strain HP3 of B. burgdorferi were also detected in the serum samples of dogs, but the percentage of seropositive sample to the strain HP3 was lower than that to the strain HO14. Statistical differences were not noticed between pet and street dogs. No antibody to B. burgdorferi was observed in 13 beagle dogs as experimental animal.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1990

[Comparison of three methods for detecting Campylobacter pylori and measurement of human antibody titers against the whole organisms].

In order to detect Campylobacter pylori in the gastric mucosa, three different methods as 1) culture of the organisms, 2) immunostaining by monoclonal antibody against the cells, and 3) urease test were compared. In the disease group, positive % of each methods was 64, 75 and 74. However, positive % common to the three methods was only 48. The corresponding rate of culture and urease tests, and that of culture and staining methods was 81% and 60%, respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that urease test was a useful method, and that the three methods were necessary to confirm the existence of the organisms in the gastric mucosa. Total positive % of culture and staining methods in disease and control groups was 77 and 31, respectively, indicating that positive % of the disease group was much higher than that of the control group. Anti C. pylori titer was compared between culture-positive and culture-negative patients by ELISA. The titer of the former was significantly higher than that of the latter.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗