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E J Bell

Publications and source records attributed to E J Bell.

102 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1966

Carbohydrate catabolism of Mima polymorpha. I. Supplemental energy from glucose added to a growth medium.

Bell, Emily J. (University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio), and Adrienne Marus. Carbohydrate catabolism of Mima polymorpha. I. Supplemental energy from glucose added to a growth medium. J. Bacteriol. 91:2223-2228. 1966.-Mima polymorpha, unable to grow in the presence of nonphosphorylated sugars as sole source of carbon and energy, grows rapidly and well in the presence of acetate, ethyl alcohol, short-chained fatty acids, and permeable intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Chemical evidence indicates, however, a limited uptake of glucose. Further, glucose, although incapable of supporting growth as the sole source of carbon and energy, does increase both the rate of growth and the total cell crop when added as an ancillary nutrient to cells growing in a mineral salts medium which contains 0.03 m acetate as the carbon and energy source. A yield of energy from an abortive catabolism of glucose is hypothesized. In addition to the enhancement of growth rate and total cell crop, this hypothesis is supported by the facts that: (i) transport systems for the slightly permeable phosphorylated hexoses appear to be induced when glucose is incorporated into a medium capable of supporting growth and (ii) the rate of induction and the total activity of an inducible enzyme, isocitrate lyase E.C. 4.1.3.1., are markedly increased in the presence of supplemental glucose.

Acetates↗
PubMed1966

Carbohydrate catabolism of Mima polymorpha. II. Abortive catabolism of glucose.

Marus, Adrienne (University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio), and Emily J. Bell. Carbohydrate catabolism of Mima polymorpha. II. Abortive catabolism of glucose. J. Bacteriol. 91:2229-2236. 1966.-Mima polymorpha, unable to grow in the presence of glucose as a sole carbon and energy source, is able to obtain supplemental, utilizable energy from the partial catabolism of this substrate. Various enzymes of hexose catabolism have been assayed in this organism and in M. polymorpha M, a mutant obtained by ultraviolet irradiation. The parent strain contains a functional glucose dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, diphosphofructoaldolase, and a 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate aldolase, but is lacking in glucokinase, gluconokinase, 2-ketogluconokinase, and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. The enzymes present indicate partially functioning hexose diphosphate and Entner-Doudoroff pathways. The absence of kinases explains the inability of the strain to grow on glucose and an absence of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase would indicate the absence of the complete pentose pathway. The mutant strain, M. polymorpha M, possesses, in addition to those enzymes produced by the wild type, both gluconokinase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. The presence of the former explains the mutant's ability to grow on glucose, and the presence of the latter indicates a more complete pentose shunt. The supplemental energy obtained from partial glucose catabolism (to gluconic acid) may be obtained from a cytochrome-linked reaction of the glucose dehydrogenase.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of a financial incentive on cognitive services: CARE project design/implementation.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the design and methods of the Washington State Cognitive Activities and Reimbursement Effectiveness (CARE) Project, a demonstration project in which community pharmacies were paid for cognitive services (CS) provided to Medicaid patients, its evaluation objectives, and the extent to which implementation objectives were achieved. DESIGN: Prospective randomized trial. Community pharmacies were allocated to a documentation-and-payment group, documentation-only group, and "silent" control group. CS were reported using a problem-intervention-result classification system embedded within a pseudo-National Drug Code format. Management strategies included use of area coordinators. SETTING: Pharmacies serving ambulatory Medicaid patients in the state of Washington, excluding staff-model health maintenance organization pharmacies and pharmacies predominantly serving long-term-care residents. PARTICIPANTS: 200 community pharmacies (110 treatment; 90 control), with another 100 randomly selected pharmacies as a silent control group. INTERVENTIONS: A modest monthly stipend. The treatment group billed Medicaid for each documented CS associated with a drug therapy-related problem. All participants received training in documentation methods. A unique coding scheme allowed documentation of CS within the constraints of the Medicaid program. Data edit checks and feedback were used to ensure data quality and completeness. Area coordinators were used to facilitate training, compliance with study procedures, and participation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Participation rates, documentation rates, coding scheme revision, data quality and completeness rates, and effectiveness of area coordinators. RESULTS: Pharmacists documented more than 20,240 CS records. Approximately 89% of records passed edit checks, and 94% did so after modification. Nearly 83% could be linked to a paid drug or CS claim. The coding system was sufficient, with minor modifications, to account for all interventions documented. Area coordinators did not function as expected. CONCLUSION: A system for documentation and payment of pharmacists' CS to Medicaid recipients was implemented successfully and relatively easily in community pharmacies.

Double-Blind Method↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Paralytic poliomyelitis and nonpolio enteroviruses: studies in Scotland.

Poliomyelitis has been well controlled in Scotland by vaccination. Occasional cases of paralysis still occur in association with enteroviruses, especially coxsackieviruses. Most cases were attributable to coxsackievirus A7, which was identified in 77 cases, 12 of them paralytic (one fatal), from 1956 to 1973 (including outbreaks in 1959 and 1963) but not since then. Serologic findings suggesting poliovirus infection have been obtained in several paralytic illnesses at a late stage, months after acute illnesses in which the possibility of poliomyelitis was not considered by physicians, who no longer expect to encounter cases of poliomyelitis.

Adult↗