Biomedical subjects

E J Doedel

Publications and source records attributed to E J Doedel.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Onset of chaotic symbolic synchronization between population inversions in an array of weakly coupled Bose-Einstein condensates.

We investigate the onset of chaotic dynamics of the one-dimensional discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation with periodic boundary conditions in the presence of a single on-site defect. This model describes a ring of weakly coupled Bose-Einstein condensates with attractive interactions. We focus on the transition to global stochasticity in three different scenarios as the defect is changed. We make use of a suitable Poincaré section and study different families of stationary solutions, where certain bifurcations lead to global stochasticity. The global stochasticity is characterized by chaotic symbolic synchronization between the population inversions of certain pairs of condensates. We have seen that the Poincaré cycles are useful to gain insight in the dynamics of this Hamiltonian system. Indeed, the return maps of the Poincaré cycles have been used successfully to follow the orbit along the stochastic layers of different resonances in the chaotic self-trapping regime. Moreover, the time series of the Poincaré cycles suggests that in the global stochasticity regime the dynamics is, to some extent, Markovian, in spite of the fact that the condensates are phase locked with almost the same phase. This phase locking induces a peculiar local interference of the matter waves of the condensates.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2004

Apparent discontinuities in the phase-resetting response of cardiac pacemakers.

Injection of a brief stimulus pulse resets the spontaneous periodic activity of a sinoatrial node cell: a stimulus delivered early in the cycle generally delays the time of occurrence of the next action potential, while the same stimulus delivered later causes an advance. We investigate resetting in two models, one with a slow upstroke velocity and the other with a fast upstroke velocity, representing central and peripheral nodal cells, respectively. We first formulate each of these models as a classic Hodgkin-Huxley type of model and then as a model representing a population of single channels. In the Hodgkin-Huxley-type model of the slow-upstroke cell the transition from delay to advance is steep but continuous. In the corresponding single-channel model, due to the channel noise then present, repeated resetting runs at a fixed stimulus timing within the transitional range of coupling intervals lead to responses that span a range of advances and delays. In contrast, in the fast-upstroke model the transition from advance to delay is very abrupt in both classes of model, as it is in experiments on some cardiac preparations ("all-or-none" depolarization). We reduce the fast-upstroke model from the original seven-dimensional system to a three-dimensional system. The abrupt transition occurs in this reduced model when a stimulus transports the state point to one side or the other of the stable manifold of the trajectory corresponding to the eigendirection associated with the smaller of two positive eigenvalues. This stable manifold is close to the slow manifold, and so canard trajectories are seen. Our results demonstrate that the resetting response is fundamentally continuous, but extremely delicate, and thus suggest one way in which one can account for experimental discontinuities in the resetting response of a nonlinear oscillator.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Defect-induced spatial coherence in the discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation.

We have considered the discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation (DNLSE) with periodic boundary conditions in the context of coupled Kerr waveguides. The presence of a defect in the central oscillator equation can induce quasiperiodic or large chaotic amplitude oscillations. As for the quasiperiodic dynamics, an enhancement of the amplitude correlations in certain oscillator pairs can take place. However, when the array dynamics becomes chaotic, these correlations are destroyed, and, for suitable defects, synchronization, in the information sense, of certain signals arises in this Hamiltonian system. A numerical continuation analysis clarifies the onset of this dynamical regime. In this case, phase synchronization follows with a peculiar distribution of the Liapunov exponents. These effects occur for initial conditions in a small neighborhood of a family of stationary solutions. We have also found a regime characterized by persistent localized chaotic amplitudes. We have generalized these results to take into account birefringent effects in waveguides.

Models, Statistical↗

PubMed1985

Mathematical modeling of immobilized enzyme systems.

We model the interaction of reaction and diffusion in immobilized enzyme systems by P.D.E.s or simpler equations. We present models with only one steady state, others with multiple steady states (in particular one related to morphogenesis) and some with periodic solutions. The usefulness of continuation methods to resolve this complexity of behaviors is pointed out.

Enzymes, Immobilized↗