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Biomedical subjects

E J Fortenbery

Publications and source records attributed to E J Fortenbery.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effect of intraperitoneal neostigmine on peritoneal transport characteristics in CAPD.

Lymphatics have been suggested to play a major role in the absorption of dialysate, which consequently affects the adequacy of peritoneal dialysis. Neostigmine has been found to decrease lymphatic absorption in rats, presumably by causing constriction of the lymphatic stomata. We investigated the effect of neostigmine on seven continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients in a prospective study. We performed modified peritoneal equilibration tests both with and without intraperitoneal neostigmine in a random order. Radiolabeled albumin (0.8 mg) was added to 2 liters of dialysate +/- 2.0 mg neostigmine. We evaluated ultrafiltration and creatinine, phosphate, and urea clearances. The dialysate bag and the peritoneum were scanned at the initiation and conclusion of the four-hour dwell period. We found no change in ultrafiltration, residual volumes, creatinine, phosphate and urea clearances, or albumin recovered. Of the seven patients exposed to neostigmine, four had diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, and vomiting. In conclusion, we found that 2 mg i.p. neostigmine did cause significant side-effects and did not alter transport characteristics in CAPD patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Effect of theophylline on calcium metabolism and circulating vitamin D metabolites.

Theophylline has been shown to induce the hepatic microsomal enzyme system. These same enzymes increase the metabolism of vitamin D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D when induced by chronic barbiturate or phenytoin administration. To assess the long-term effects of theophylline on vitamin D and calcium metabolism, young rats were treated for 4 weeks with constant subcutaneous theophylline infusions. Theophylline-treated animals had a significantly increased urinary calcium excretion (p less than 0.0001), a significantly decreased total body calcium per gram body weight (p less than 0.05), and significantly decreased serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D concentrations (p less than 0.002) when compared to control animals. These alterations in the concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D may impair the ability to increase 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-dependent intestinal calcium absorption to compensate for excessive urinary calcium losses. These data suggest that theophylline promotes skeletal calcium loss, and its use may be a risk factor for the development of osteopenia in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Lymphocele: the spectrum of scintigraphic findings in lymphoceles associated with renal transplant.

Lymphocele is a well recognized complication of renal transplant surgery. We performed a retrospective review of 305 renal transplant patients with over 2,500 scintigraphic exams to describe the pattern of activity on technetium-99m-DTPA blood flow and dynamic imaging, and iodine-131-OIH studies. Diagnostic criteria for a lymphocele were ultrasonic evidence of a perirenal fluid collection and analysis of that fluid that demonstrated BUN, creatinine, and electrolytes similar to the patient's plasma. Scintigraphic findings were attributed to a lymphocele if abnormalities were in the same area as the ultrasound fluid collection. Scintigraphic findings attributable to lymphocele resolved in all patients following surgical drainage or peritoneal window placement. Six of the 11 documented lymphoceles demonstrated a cold defect on initial dynamic images that "filled in" to equal background activity and another exceeded background. Three cases showed a rim of increased activity surrounding the lymphocele ("rim sign").

Follow-Up Studies↗