PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E J Haapanen

Publications and source records attributed to E J Haapanen.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

Factors affecting serum protein binding of phenytoin, diazepam and propranolol in acute renal diseases.

The effect of acute renal disease on the serum free fraction of phenytoin, diazepam and propranolol was examined in vitro among 37 patients with acute renal insufficiency of varying etiology and 10 healthy control subjects, men and women equally. The free fractions were separated at 37 degrees C using a pressure ultrafiltration method. The free fraction of phenytoin varied from about 14% to 45% and that of diazepam from 2% to 10%. The free fraction did not correlate significantly with either the serum urea or creatinine concentrations or the creatinine clearance within the acutely uremic group. The free fractions of propranolol varied considerably in the uremic patients but did not correlate significantly with the above parameters either. The mean free fractions of propranolol in the acutely uremics (11.9 +/- 1.0%, mean +/- SE) and controls (8.9 +/- 0.5%) did not differ significantly. The free fractions of both phenytoin and diazepam had a significant inverse correlation with the serum albumin level and that of propranolol with the alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (alpha, AGP) level. The correlations were similar irrespective of the etiology of renal failure. In practice, the variable best predicting the phenytoin and diazepam free fractions in acute renal insufficiency is the serum albumin concentration, and for propranolol the serum alpha 1-AGP concentration.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1984

Bilateral renal artery dissections: unusual complication of polyarteritis nodosa.

A case of polyarteritis nodosa with the acute complications of multiple bilateral real artery dissection, perirenal haemorrhage and kidney infarction is described. The diagnosis of polyarteritis nodosa was established on the basis of angiographical and clinical findings. Follow-up arteriograms and CT-findings after prednisone therapy are discussed.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1983

Acute dapsone intoxication: clinical findings and effect of oral charcoal and haemodialysis on dapsone elimination.

Three patients were treated after ingestion of an overdose of dapsone (1-10 g). A considerable acute cyanosis due to methaemoglobinaemia was followed by a late haemolysis within 1-2 weeks. Activated charcoal given orally in multiple doses (20 g X 4/day) shortened the half-life of dapsone to 12.7 +/- 0.7 hours, i.e. to about 1/3-1/6 of the preceding control value. The half-life of dapsone was about 10 hours during each of the three 5-hour haemodialysis treatments given to one patient. However, owing to the rebound phenomenon between haemodialyses, the half-life of dapsone from the start of the first to the end of the third haemodialysis was 26 hours. The efficacy of orally administered activated charcoal is fully comparable to that of haemodialysis in increasing the rate of elimination of dapsone and its metabolite monoacetyldapsone. Activated charcoal is cheap, it can be administered anywhere and its administration rarely involves complications.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

Hemoperfusion in acute intoxication. Clinical experience with 48 cases.

Hemoperfusion was performed on 58 occasions to treat 48 patients with severe intoxication, of which 23 had taken on overdose of barbiturate or meprobamate. With one exception they all showed remarkable improvement during the treatment. In addition in many other intoxications patients greatly benefited from hemoperfusion, as with salicylate, paracetamol, quinidine, propranolol and mushroom intoxications. Hemoperfusion was of doubtful value or ineffective in intoxications due to tricyclic antidepressants, phenothiazine, digoxin and methanol. Four of the patients (7%) died. More side effects are seen during hemoperfusion than during hemodialysis. The disposable supplies of hemoperfusion are more costly than those for hemodialysis. Therefore if both kinds of treatment are equally effective, one has to prefer hemodialysis. Unfortunately intoxications exist, which do not respond to either hemoperfusion or hemodialysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Hemoperfusion in quinidine intoxication.

A case report on quinidine intoxication is presented. After having ingested 8.1 g quinidine the patient had clinical and ECG signs of a severe intoxication and a serum quinidine level of 8.5 mg 1. She was treated for six hours with charcoal hemoperfusion. Serum quinidine was on an average 36% lower after than before the cartridge. The mean quinidine clearance of hemoperfusion was 24 ml/min. All clinical and ECG signs of quinidine intoxication were normalized during hemoperfusion. The data justify that hemoperfusion is probably the best way to treat severe quinidine intoxication.

Adult↗