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Biomedical subjects

E J Powell

Publications and source records attributed to E J Powell.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of Native American births in upstate New York with other race births, 1980-86.

The purpose of this study was to describe the neonatal characteristics of Native American (Indian) infants and the antenatal characteristics of their mothers as compared with white, black, and other race infants. The study population comprised 979,444 live births to upstate New York (exclusive of New York City) resident mothers between 1980 and 1986. Data were abstracted from vital records (birth certificates) and analyzed using a variety of descriptive statistics. Mothers of Native American and black infants had similar antenatal profiles (that is, younger, higher parity, lower educational attainment, and delayed initiation of prenatal care), which differed from mothers of white or other race infants. Despite having at-risk mothers, Native American infants were similar to white and other race infants with respect to the percentage of births that were considered low birth weight or premature. Black infants were twice as likely as the other three groups of infants to be low birth weight or premature. These findings suggest that other factors appear to be important in determining neonatal outcome and that typical at-risk antenatal profile of mothers may not be consistent across all racial groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Racial variation in spontaneous fetal deaths at 20 weeks or older in upstate New York, 1980-86.

The distribution of spontaneous fetal deaths (at age 20 weeks or more) by maternal race has received considerably less study than other adverse pregnancy outcomes. The purpose of this study was twofold--(a) to describe spontaneous fetal deaths among white, black, and American Indian women and (b) to determine if there was any variation by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) cause of death, gestational age at death, or maternal age at loss among these groups of mothers. Using the fetal death certificate registry maintained by the New York State Department of Health, 8,592 spontaneous fetal deaths at age 20 weeks or more were identified among upstate (exclusive of New York City) mothers between 1980 and 1986. By race it was 7,300 for white women, 1,257 for black women, and 27 for American Indian women. Spontaneous fetal death rates varied by maternal race as listed on vital records--black, 13.5 per 1,000 total births, white, 8.3, and American Indian, 8.1. The three leading causes of death (ICD-9,779, 762, and 761) did not vary by maternal race. Gestational age at death, imputed from last menstrual period, did vary by maternal race. Fetal deaths to white and black mothers were observed to occur most often between 24 weeks of pregnancy (39 percent) and 32 weeks (43 percent), while American Indian fetal deaths generally occurred later (more than 33 weeks) in pregnancy (41 percent). Most spontaneous fetal deaths occurred to mothers ages 20-29 regardless of race. Black teenage mothers, however, experienced the largest proportion of losses(23 percent) compared with white (10 percent) and American Indian (I I percent) teenage mothers.

Adolescent↗