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Biomedical subjects

E Kåss

Publications and source records attributed to E Kåss.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis and related disorders: future perspectives.

A review mainly based on Norwegian cases of ankylosing spondylitis and allied disorders is given. This concludes that it is a question of one or more syndromes which may frequently overlap. It is suggested that a clinical descriptive name like ankylosing spondylitis for the whole group may be misleading since the symptoms are so variable. The conditions are due to genetically determined patterns of reactions caused by different trigger mechanisms.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Laboratory findings in chronic prostatitis--with special reference to immunological and microbiological aspects.

Twenty-nine consecutive patients hospitalized for chronic prostatitis were examined. The HLA and radiographic findings are presented in detail elsewhere. Serum immunoglobulin levels were normal. The concentrations of IgG, IgA and IgM in prostatic fluid were significantly lower than in serum, both absolutely and as percentages of total protein concentration. Distinct bands were seen in the gamma region of agarose gel electrophoresis from prostatic fluids both in patients and in controls, and other tests also indicated that they did not reflect oligoclonal Ig responses. Growth of Chlamydia or Mycoplasma species was not detected in any of the biopsy specimens. We conclude that, with the test panel used, we have not been able to confirm that immunological factors or the presence of Chlamydia or Mycoplasma species is important in chronic prostatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

How does Bechterew's syndrome (ankylosing spondylitis) start? Interrelations between onset of symptoms.

Detailed medical histories were obtained from 122 consecutive patients with Bechterew's syndrome (ankylosing spondylitis) who had been hospitalized at Oslo Sanitetsforening Rheumatism Hospital. Frequencies of symptoms, age at onset of symptoms and their interrelationships are presented. Low back pain affected more patients than any other symptom and, generally speaking, it started earlier than any other individual symptom. However, any symptom could antedate low back pain. Symptoms preceding low back pain were most frequently reported at a young age, and most often affected the extremities. The presence of psoriasis was associated with an increased frequency of symptoms in the peripheral joints. Acute anterior uveitis and chest stiffness were more common in males than in females. The influence of the selection of patients on the results is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

The distribution of clinical findings in Bechterew's syndrome (ankylosing spondylitis) suggests distinct genetic subgroups.

One hundred and twenty-two consecutive patients hospitalized for ankylosing spondylitis (AS) were reexamined. The frequency of clinical signs and results of tests for associations are presented. Psoriasis was associated with a distal pattern of peripheral arthropathy. Spinal rigidity was predominantly seen in males. Males with phalangeal arthropathy exhibited preserved spinal mobility. This was the case also when HLA B27 positives and patients who did not have psoriasis were considered separately. HLA B27 positive patients in this group had frequently experienced acute anterior uveitis. It seems possible that the disease in such males is the result of combined predisposition to ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthropathy. Hip arthropathy was frequently present in males with spinal rigidity. The associations observed confirm that AS is a heterogenous group of diseases. The term "syndrome" may be suitable for such a heterogenous group, and we prefer the term "Bechterew's syndrome" as the name of this group. When these new findings are added to the previous observations that acute anterior uveitis probably is a clinical, sex-influenced characteristic of HLA B27 positive Bechterew's syndrome, that HLA B27 negative patients with Bechterew's syndrome frequently had psoriasis and were HLA B13 and B17 negative, and that psoriasis was frequent in HLA B27 positive patients as well, we tentatively conclude that different and interacting genetic mechanisms may be involved in the etiology of Bechterew's syndrome.

Female↗
PubMed1982

Diagnostic criteria of rheumatoid arthritis in children. Proposed criteria for controlled clinical studies.

Several different sets of diagnostic criteria of rheumatoid arthritis in children are in practical use. The criteria most widely applied are discussed here, especially with regard to clinical studies. Reasons are presented for the selection of criteria used in the present controlled clinical studies on rheumatic children in Oslo. Three modifications were made in the North-American criteria: 1) disease onset before 16 years of age; 2) persistent arthritis for more than 3 months; 3) biopsy is preferable in monarticular cases, except in patients with chronic iridocyclitis.

Arthritis, Juvenile↗
PubMed1980

HLA antigens and rheumatoid arthritis. Association between HLA-DRw4 positivity and IgM rheumatoid factor production.

Serologic HLA typing was carried out on 33 seropositive and 15 seronegative patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Association with the DRw4 antigen was found only in seropositive RA (61%, compared with 27% in normal controls; P less than 0.05, Fisher's exact test), whereas the antigen had a normal frequency in seronegative RA patients (27%). The serum concentrations of IgM and IgE immunoglobulins were significantly higher in seropositive than in seronegative RA patients (p less than 0.01, Mann-Whitney test), whereas the concentrations of the other immunoglobulin classes and of the complement factors C3 and C4 did not show any significant differences.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Lymphocytes from synovial tissue of a boy with X-linked hypogammaglobulinemia and chronic polyarthritis.

Lymphocytes were eluted from synovial tissue of a boy with X-linked hypogammaglobulinemia and chronic polyarthritis. The cell suspension contained 53% lymphocytes and 28% peroxidase-positive, macrophagelike cells, No B lymphocytes, 83% T lymphocytes, and 10% Fc-receptor-bearing lymphocytes were detected. Lymphocyte transformation was induced by polyclonal mitogens (phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen) whereas no response to antigens (purified protein derivative and Candida albicans antigen) was obtained. The eluted cells displayed antibody-dependent cytotoxicity.

Agammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed1979

Dermatomyositis associated with BCG vaccination.

Two young boys developed serious forms of dermatomyositis following BCG vaccination. Possibilities of a causal relationship between the disease and the vaccination are discussed. Extensive immunological tests, however, including in vitro stimulation of lymphocytes with PPD, gave no decisive evidence of abnormalities. It is concluded that in cases of dermatomyositis there is an absolute indication for a full anamnesis with regard to previous vaccination, to obtain clarification of the practical and theoretically important questions of a possible connection in this respect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

No effect of transfer factor in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis by double-blind trial.

A previously pilot study of treatment with transfer factor in 3 patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) gave promising results. However, in this small and open study no definite conclusions could be drawn. Therefore, a double-blind group trial was performed in 12 JRA patients treated with transfer factor, and in 12 placebo-treated control patients. The patients were evaluated clinically, by laboratory tests, and by estimation of different lymphocyte populations and cell-mediated immunity in vitro and in vivo. Transfer factor was not found to be of significant therapeutic value in patients with JRA. The only statistically significant difference between the two groups was a greater reduction in the percentage of T lymphocytes in transfer factor-treated patients than in control patients. The significance of this is difficult to explain and could have appeared by chance. No side effects of treatment with transfer factor were noted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Comparative double-blind trial of intra-articular injections of two long-acting forms of betamethasone.

Two injectable betamethasone preparations, betamethasone dipropionate/betamethasone phosphate and betamethasone acetate/betamethasone phosphate were compared in a controlled trial on 22 "matched patient pairs" with rheumatic diseases. The two preparations were injected intra-articularly in knee joints affected by active synovitis. The time until onset of action and the duration of clinically adequate anti-inflammatory effect were recorded. All injections produced clinically significant effects. The interval before recurrence of symptoms varied from 2 days to more than 3 months. The dipropionate form showed statistically significantly longer duration of action. No difference was noted in the time until onset of action. Local side effects were not observed. The double-blind method of clinical evaluation proved useful in comparing duration of action between long-acting corticosteroids.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Evidence for complement activation by the alternate pathway in the arthritis of hypogammaglobulinemic patients.

The chronic, rheumatoid synovitis in four patients (two children and two adults) with immunodeficiency was studied by means of immunopathological examination of synovial tissues and fluids. Their immunodeficiencies were extensively studied, with various tests for humoral and cell-mediated immunity. The two children were boys with Bruton's disease. One adult, female, had common variable immunodeficiency. One adult male had severe hypogammaglobulinemia. All patients had isolated deposits of complement component C3 in their synovial membranes, usually without traces of immunoglobulins. Depressed levels of complement component C3 were found in the joint fluid, in contrast to high levels in the corresponding serum in one patient. Components of the alternate pathway, properdin and C3A, were found in the tissues, but not components of the classic pathway, C1q and C4. The findings suggest that chronic, rheumatoid arthritis in hypogammaglobulinemic patients may be related to activation of C3 by the alternate pathway.

Agammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed1975

The pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis.

Various factors of possible pathogenetic significance in ankylosing spondylitis are surveyed, with the conclusion that ankylosing spondylitis may be due to more than one cause and have varying symptomatology: It is not a disease but a syndrome. Terms such as spondylarthritis ankylopoietica or ankylosing spondylitis, which have such direct reference to symptoms, are not necessarily applicable. It is difficult to find an adequate name, but Bechterew's sydrome is suggested.

Adolescent↗