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E Kalm

Publications and source records attributed to E Kalm.

41 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Estimate of digestibility in dairy cows using an indicator method in comparison to the Hohenheimer feed value test].

In order to measure the digestibility of feed with an indicator method two trials were realized on the dairy research farm "Karkendamm". The first trial was to test the suitability of TiO2 as an indicator to determine the digestibility in cows. The rate of recovery of the indicator was 98.8% (95.5%-101.9%). The concentration of TiO2 of the rectal samples in the morning (daily or every second day) corresponded very well with the values from total faeces collection. The samples taken in the evening showed lower concentrations. The estimation of digestibility of organic matter led to the same values with the total collection or the indicator method with morning samples. The digestibility derived from evening samples were 1.7-2.3%-units digestibility derived from evening samples were 1.7-2.3%-units lower in comparison to total collection. In the second trial the digestibility derived from the in vitro method "Hohenheimer-Futterwert-Test" and from a digestion trial with 30 cows using the indicator method were compared. The digestibility calculated from the date of the in vivo trial was 9.9%-units lower than the one from the "Hohenheimer-Futterwert-Test". The depression of digestibility was due to the variation in concentrate feeding between cows. If the cows got less than 8 kg concentrates the depression in digestibility was 1.9% when increasing the level of feeding one unit of maintenance requirement. If the cows got more than 8 kg concentrates the depression was 3.1%-units. It could be concluded that the "Hohenheimer-Futterwert-Test" underestimates the digestibility if the level of feeding is increased to a certain extent.

Animal Feed↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A QTL for the degree of spotting in cattle shows synteny with the KIT locus on chromosome 6.

The proportion of unpigmented coat on the trunk was determined from photographs of 38 German Simmental and 627 German Holstein bulls distributed over three generations. All 665 animals were members of 18 Holstein and 3 Simmental half-sib families. A Bayesian estimation of heritability yielded a posterior mean of 0.88 and a standard error of 0.08. A quantitative trait loci (QTL) scan over all chromosomes covered by 229 microsatellite marker loci (2926 cM) was performed by fitting a multiple marker regression model to 625 observations from the youngest generation in 18 families. On chromosome 6 a QTL for the proportion of white coat with large effects (experiment-wise error probability < .0001) was found and a less important one on chromosome 3 (chromosome-wise error probability < .009). Chromosome 6 is known to harbor the KIT locus (receptor tyrosinase kinase), which is associated with various depigmentation phenotypes in mice, humans, and pigs. Similarity of phenotypic KIT effects in other species and synteny with the reported QTL suggest that KIT is a serious candidate gene for the degree of spotting in cattle. The results are also discussed with respect to resistance to solar radiation, heat stress, and photosensitization.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mapping of QTL for Body Conformation and Behavior in Cattle.

Genome scans for quantitative trait loci (QTL) in farm animals have concentrated on primary production and health traits, and information on QTL for other important traits is rare. We performed a whole genome scan in a granddaughter design to detect QTL affecting body conformation and behavior in dairy cattle. The analysis included 16 paternal half-sib families of the Holstein breed with 872 sons and 264 genetic markers. The markers were distributed across all 29 autosomes and the pseudoautosomal region of the sex chromosomes with average intervals of 13.9 cM and covering an estimated 3155.5 cM. All families were analyzed jointly for 22 traits using multimarker regression and significance thresholds determined empirically by permutation. QTL that exceeded the experiment-wise significance threshold (5% level) were detected on chromosome 6 for foot angle, teat placement, and udder depth, and on chromosome 29 for temperament. QTL approaching experiment-wise significance (10% level) were located on chromosome 6 for general quality of feet and legs and general quality of udder, on chromosome 13 for teat length, on chromosome 23 for general quality of feet and legs, and on chromosome 29 for milking speed. An additional 51 QTL significant at the 5% chromosome-wise level were distributed over 21 chromosomes. This study provides the first evidence for QTL involved in behavior of dairy cattle and identifies QTL for udder conformation on chromosome 6 that could form the basis of recently reported QTL for clinical mastitis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A high-density linkage map of the RN region in pigs.

The porcine RN locus affects muscle glycogen content and meat quality. We previously mapped the RN locus to chromosome 15. This study describes the identification of polymorphisms for four class I and four class II markers located in the RN region. Resource families were genotyped with F-SSCP markers (fluorescent single strand conformation polymorphism) and microsatellite markers. Subsequent multipoint linkage analysis revealed the order FN1-IGFBP5-S1000-S1001-IL8RB-VIL1-RN-Sw936-Sw906. The gene order is identical to the previously reported porcine RH map of the same region. The described map will facilitate positional cloning of the RN gene.

Journal Article↗