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Biomedical subjects

E Kazner

Publications and source records attributed to E Kazner.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Intravenous administration of contrast medium during computed tomography (CT) of the operated lumbar spine].

In 35 patients with recurrent radicular complaints which occurred 4 weeks to 38 months after operation for lumbar disc herniation, the degree of contrast enhancement of hypertrophic scar tissue was examined. All patients were scanned before and immediately after intravenous contrast application (volume: 1.5-2.0 ml/kg body weight, flow rate: 0.35 ml/sec). In 83% of the cases hypertrophic scar tissue did show definite contrast enhancement, whereas disc herniation remained unenhanced. Comparison between contrast enhancement and age of scar tissue produced poor correlation (r = 0.3012) with older scarring showing a trend towards lower enhancement levels. In cases where morphologic and topographic criteria in plain CT examination fail to yield a diagnosis, intravenous contrast application is recommended. Our data indicate that even those patients might benefit from the procedure who have been operated upon for disc herniation several months or years ago.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Cerebral circulatory disorders--elucidation by intravenous digital subtraction angiography and computed tomography].

In 110 patients with signs of cerebral infarct computed tomography (CT) and intravenous digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were performed. With DSA 63 arterial wall lesions could be seen, in CT 27 infarcts were found. In 9 examinations DSA was not diagnostic. Combination of both methods makes it possible to relate vascular lesions with size and localisation of cerebral infarcts.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Nuclear spin tomographic diagnosis of brain tumors using the contrast medium gadolinium-DTPA].

This study examines the effect of the NMR contrast medium gadolinium-DTPA on image contrast in cerebral tumours. Sixteen patients with space-occupying cerebral lesions were examined on a 0.35 Tesla superconducting scanner, using a T1-weighted spinecho sequence prior to and after the intravenous application of gadolinium-DTPA. In 8 patients T2-weighted spinecho-sequences were obtained before the administration of contrast. The tomograms were evaluated visually and according to quantitative criteria. The use of gadolinium-DTPA helps to evaluate the blood-brain barrier and improves diagnosis by differentiating tumour tissue from edema and from normal brain tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Do we need ventriculography in the era of computed tomography?

The question is posed whether in the investigation of intracranial tumors, particularly in the posterior cranial fossa, CT and/or ventriculography should be practiced. We investigated 134 patients (93 were children up to the age of 14 years), all of whom had had both computed tomography and ventriculography. The results clearly demonstrate the superiority of CT compared with ventriculography. Ventriculography is a surgical intervention with risk for the patient; side effects may occur and serious complications can sometimes arise. Modern CT is producing pictures of high quality which are entirely sufficient for neurosurgical intervention. Very rarely does additional angiography have to be performed. The diagnosis of intracranial tumor can be fully established by CT and ventriculography is no longer necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Successful treatment of pulmonary and cerebral aspergillosis in an immunosuppressed child.

A favourable outcome was observed in a 12 year-old boy who developed invasive pulmonary and cerebral aspergillosis during antineoplastic treatment for central nervous system relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Combination therapy with amphotericin B and 5-Fluorocytosine led to complete regression of pulmonary infiltrates. Despite enlargement of the cerebral lesion monitored by computerized tomography, no viable fungi were found in the completely resected abscess after a 4 weeks' course of antifungal treatment preceding neurosurgery. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of an aspergillotic abscess. The initially severe neurological symptoms disappeared after successful surgery. Aspergillus fumigatus was detected in the soil of a potted ornamental plant in the mother's living room, suggesting that this might have been the source of the infectious agent.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1982

[The diagnosis of lumbar disc prolapse--computer tomographic and myelographic findings (author's transl)].

Seventy-seven patients with back pain and suspected disc prolapse were examined by computer tomography, and 41 have in addition myelograms. In 26 patients surgery was performed. The accuracy of computer tomography in the diagnosis of disc prolapse was greater than 86%, with additional myelography it was greater than 95%. Difficulties in diagnosis using computer tomography were encountered with recurrent disc prolapses. CT of the disc should be performed with a high resolution scanner using a slice thickness of 2 mm before myelography is considered. Definitely abnormal CT findings make myelography unnecessary.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1982

[Computed tomography and/or ventriculography? (author's transl)].

It is discussed if in intracranial tumors, especially in tumors of the posterior cranial fossa, a CT and/or a ventriculography should be practiced. We have made investigations of 134 patients, 93 of whom were children up to 14 years of age. Each case was undertaken computed tomography as well as ventriculography. The results are clearly demonstrating the superiority of computed tomography compared with ventriculography. Ventriculography is a surgical intervention stressing the patients, side-effects may occur, and sometimes serious complications are caused. Modern computed tomography is producing pictures of high quality, which are highly sufficient for neurosurgical intervention. Very rarely additional angiography has to be performed. The diagnosis of intracranial tumors can fully be established by computed tomography, whereas ventriculography is no longer necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Effects of computer tomography on diagnosis of neurological and neurosurgical diseases (author's transl)].

Computer tomography is presently the primary procedure for correct diagnosis of many neurological and neurosurgical diseases. Other expensive and riskier diagnostic methods have become superfluous. Selective and clearly indicated application of the undoubtedly expensive computer tomography ultimately spares unnecessary costs for hospitalization and less conclusive examination methods. Whereas the indications in the craniocerebral region can now be considered confirmed, spinal computer tomography is still in the development stage. With certain indications, eg in prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disk, a similar performance to that of CT can be obtained with myelography, so that the latter method is likely to be superseded by computer tomography.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1980

The diagnostic value of computed tomography in orbital diseases. A cooperative study of 520 cases.

Computed tomography (CT) has given us a new method for examining the orbit and its contents. The indications for the application of computed tomography in ophthalmology are considered: suspected orbital tumors, unilateral exophthalmos, pareses of the ocular muscles, traumatic lesions and malformations in the region of the orbit. The findings in 520 cases of orbital lesions examined in this study are reported and the differential diagnosis is discussed. Considerable improvement and greater accuracy in diagnosis have been achieved in the field of ophthalmology by using computed tomography. Early tumor visualization is possible without risk or discomfort to the patient.

Cranial Nerve Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

Intracranial lipoma. Diagnostic and therapeutic considerations.

Eleven cases of intracranial lipoma, diagnosed during life by computerized tomography (CT) scanning, are presented. Clinical symptoms related to the lesions were present in eight. The CT scan established the diagnosis of intracranial lipoma on the basis of typical x-ray absorption and location. Only dermoid cysts and teratomas may produce a similar CT appearance. In cases of intracranial lipoma, a direct surgical approach is seldom necessary, although in certain locations, lipomas may cause blockage of cerebrospinal fluid pathways and require a shunt operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Diagnostic possibilities and limitations of CT and angiography in the diagnosis of cerebro-vascular malformations (author's transl)].

The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of 891 cases of intracranial hemorrhage with rupture into the ventricles or with subarachnoid extension is discussed on the basis of CT and angiography. Both methods are complementary exams, in the indication for the study as well as in the diagnostic result. The limitations of both methods in the diagnosis of vascular malformation with and without acute hemorrhage are presented.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

[The kinetics of contrast media in cerebral tumours (author's transl)].

The increase in density of cerebral tumours following intravenous injection of contrast media was measured by computer tomography and was evaluated quantitatively. The density increase of 158 tumours five minute after injection was between 0 and 29 CT units. There are considerable variations in density increase of various types of tumour, but the scatter is so wide as to preclude a diagnosis of tumour type. In 75 tumours repeated measurement of contrast changes were carried out for two hours following the injection. Again the variation differs with different types of tumour, but is not characteristic enough for exact clinical diagnosis. In 26 patients contrast concentrations were measured in the tumour and the blood and a pharmaco-kinetic compartmental analysis was carried out. In some tumours contrast changes can be explained by a single compartment model, whereas in others a two compartment model is necessary. Certain conclusions regarding the mechanism of contrast uptake can be reached.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1979

Sensitivity of computed tomography and serial scintigraphy in cerebrovascular disease.

Computed tomography and serial scintigraphy with 99mTc-pertechnetate (radionuclide angiography and early and late static imaging) were compared in 214 patients with cerebrovascular disease. CT correctly identified 151 (95.0%) of 159 patients with completed ischemic stroke but was positive in only 11 (25%) of 44 patients with asymptomatic stenosis, transient ischemic attacks (TIA), or prolonged reversible ischemic neurological deficit (PRIND). Scintigraphy was positive in 93.1% of patients with completed stroke. CT detected 175 territories of vascular supply involved, scintigraphy 164. In patients with asymptomatic stenosis, TIA, or PRIND, scintigraphy was correct in 77.3% of cases. The combined evaluation offered a sensitivity of 97.5% in patients with completed stroke and 86.4% in those with asymptomatic stenosis, TIA, or PRIND. The rate of true-positive scintigraphic findings in patients with completed stroke did not change as the interval between ictus and study increased. In patients with intracerebral hematoma, CT was far more specific than scintigraphy. If cerebrovascular disease is suspected, radionuclide angiography should be performed first.

Adult↗