Bone age discrepancy on hand radiographs.
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Age Determination by Skeleton↗
Biomedical subjects
E Kis
Publications and source records attributed to E Kis.
Comparative study of the neuronal plasticity along the neuraxis of the vibrissal sensory system of adult rat following unilateral infraorbital nerve damage and subsequent regeneration.
The aim of the present study was to examine the physiological consequences of a unilateral infraorbital nerve lesion and its regeneration at different levels of the somatosensory neuraxis. In animals whose right infraorbital nerve had been crushed, a large unresponsive area was found in the main brainstem trigeminal nucleus (Pr5). Responses evoked by ipsilateral vibrissal deflection in the middle of Pr5 reappeared only on days 22-35 after the nerve had been transected, whereas recovery from the nerve crush took only 7-9 days. However, no sign of short-term neuronal plasticity was observed in Pr5 after peripheral nerve injury. An enlargement of the receptive fields in two-thirds of the units and a lengthening in the delay of the evoked responses were observed as long-term plastic changes in Pr5 neurons after peripheral-nerve regeneration. In the ventral posteromedial nucleus of the thalamus (VPM) of partly denervated animals, however, only minutes or hours after the nerve crush, certain units were found to respond in some cases not only to the vibrissae, but also to mechanical stimulation of the face over the eye (two units), the nose (one unit), and the midline (one unit). Apart from the experiments involving incomplete denervation, the vibrissal representation areas of the VPM were unresponsive to stimulation of both the vibrissae and other parts of the face until nerve regeneration had occurred. In the somatosensory cortex, an infraorbital nerve crush immediately resulted in a large cortical area being unresponsive to vibrissal deflection. It was noteworthy, however, that shortly after the nerve crush, this large unresponsive whisker representation cortical area was invaded from the rostromedial direction by responses evoked by stimulation of the forepaw digits. In spite of the reappearance of vibrissa-evoked responses 7-10 days after the nerve crush, an expanded digital representation could still be observed 3 weeks after the nerve crush, resulting in an overlapping area of digital and vibrissal representations. The withdrawal of the expanded representation of forepaw digits was completed by 60 days after the nerve crush. The results obtained in Pr5, the VPM, and the cortex strongly suggest that the higher the station in the neuraxis, the greater the degree of plasticity after infraorbital nerve injury.
Animals↗
[Preventive treatment in internal medicine by low-molecular-weight heparin (nadroparine calcium)].
On the basis of literature data the authors discuss the preventive treatment of the low-molecular-weight heparin in various non-surgical disorders. The method was compared with unfractionated heparin in the treatment of 20 high risk patients. The efficacy of the two different heparins was examined on the liver and renal function, blood lipids and the hematologic and hemostaseologic parameters. The thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications were observed. Significant difference was not found with the comparison of the two preparations. The authors emphasize the simplicity, safety, home treatment possibility of the low-molecular-weight heparin and the regular control of thrombocyte-count only, too.
Fibrinolytic Agents↗
[Renal candidiasis following treatment of infantile osteomyelitis].
Systemic candidiasis with renal complications is a rather rare phenomenon in young infants. Authors report on a 4.5 month-old baby (preterm) who, during an antibiotic therapy of wide spectrum--because of osteomyelitis--acquired a mycotic infection causing bilateral pyelon and pyeloureteral obstruction. In addition to systemic antimycotic therapy surgical intervention was needed to eliminate the mycotic bezoar.
Apgar Score↗
[Usefulness of ultrasound in the diagnosis of vesico-ureteral reflux in neonates and infants].
PURPOSE: Postnatal ultrasound (US) findings were assessed in an infant population with primary vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and the findings of voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) were compared with those of sonography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1988 and 1997 55 babies (43 boys and 12 girls) with primary VUR were diagnosed. US criteria for suspected VUR included unexplained or transient fullness of the collecting system, pelvic wall thickening and signs of renal dysplasia. RESULTS: Among 55 patients reflux was unilateral in 32 cases, and bilateral in 23 patients, altogether 78 refluxing units were investigated. VUR Grade III-V, were detected in 62 units (79%). At least one US anomaly was present in 66 units (85%). No ultrasound anomaly was found in 12 renal units (15%). In 34 cases (44%) conservative treatment was performed, 40 renal units (51%) underwent ureteric reimplantation, and in 4 (5%) cases nephrectomy was carried out. CONCLUSIONS: The correct detection and grading of reflux is not reliable by sonography, although with careful US examination of the neonatal urinary tract in 85% of VUR cases at least one sonographic abnormality has been found. However, the US negative group, (15%) showed severe reflux on VCUG in a few cases. Therefore, all neonates with ultrasound pathology of unknown origin detected prenatal or postnatal, should undergo VCUG to exclude VUR.
Age Factors↗
The role of ultrasound in the follow-up of postoperative changes after pyeloplasty.
BACKGROUND: Pyeloplasty is an established treatment for pelviureteric junction (PUJ) obstruction. The postoperative change in the size of the renal pelvis and the kidney parenchyma are variable. OBJECTIVE: To document the changes in renal pelvic size and renal parenchymal thickness following pyeloplasty and to establish that improvement of both parameters are good markers for improved urine flow. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A group of 267 newborns and young infants with suspected PUJ obstruction were investigated by ultrasound. Pyeloplasty was performed on 102 babies, and 165 patients were followed conservatively. Postoperative ultrasonography at 6 and 12 months was available in 88 patients. RESULTS: One year after surgery, the renal pelvis was smaller in 76 % of the cases. The renal parenchyma was normal or had increased in 92 % of cases. CONCLUSION: Resolution of hydronephrosis after surgery is relatively slow, but renal parenchymal growth is rapid. Mild postoperative pelvic dilatation is frequent and does not indicate continued obstruction.
Catheterization↗
[Diagnosis of neonatal liver hemangioma].
The hepatic hemangiomas of infancy are rare, benign vascular tumours, differentiated in their morphologic and clinical appearances. They may manifest either as asymptomatic liver masses, or with the potentially fatal complication of congestive heart failure. They can be large in infancy, act as arteriovenous fistulas and may result in massive arteriovenous shunt. Multiple imaging modalities have been employed in the diagnosis, including ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), radionuclide studies, angiography, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Generally the US, Doppler and CT appearances of hepatic hemangiomas may be diagnostic. Biopsy in often needed for diagnosis, especially if classic signs and symptoms are lacking. The diagnostic possibilities and difficulties in three patients are discussed. Different US images were present in all three cases, with atypical CT appearance in one. Doppler signals were lacking in two cases. Sonographic appearance of infantile hepatic hemangioma is variable, non-specific, but Doppler US is useful as a non-invasive method in the follow-up of hemangiomas.
Female↗
[A specific antidote for the treatment of digitalis poisoning in uremic patients].
Two chronic haemodialyzed patients with digitalis intoxication are reported. One of them took digoxin 0.25 mg three times daily for an unknown period and the other took digitoxin 0.1 mg twice daily for two weeks. The symptoms of intoxication were mainly concealed by uremic syndrome. The diagnosis was established by noticed sinus bradycardia, first- and second-degree atrioventricular block in ECG and the determination of sera levels of glycosides (serum digoxin concentration was 7.36 ng/ml, serum digitoxin concentration was 46.5 ng/ml) in both cases. Considering the probable long elimination period of digitalis and the potentially life-threatening situation the patients were given digoxin-specific antibody (Fab) fragments with potassium replacement therapy. The symptoms disappeared within a few hours after therapy, side effects and rebound toxicity did not develop. In connection with these cases the aim of this report is to publish a method which can reverse the life-threatening digitalis intoxication in patients suffering from renal failure as well. As to the above method, the authors have not found any similar case reports in the Hungarian medical literature.
Aged↗
[Postoperative ultrasonic studies in infants undergoing surgery for pyeloureteral obstruction].
134 newborns and young infants were investigated by ultrasound because of pelviureteric junction obstruction. Operation has been performed in 47 babies, 87 patients were followed nonoperatively. The results of the ultrasound studies were elaborated in 35 patients in 6 and 12 months postoperatively. One year after surgery pyelectasy decreased in 77 percent of the cases, the size of the renal parenchyma was normal or increased in the 91 percent of the cases. The postoperative mild dilatation of the pelvis is often observed without any sign of obstruction.
Dilatation, Pathologic↗
[Glossopharyngeal neuralgia with syncope].
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia an uncommon craniofacial pain syndrome. An association with syncope is even less common. The authors give a short case report of 74-year old woman, who has glossopharyngeal neuralgia associated with syncope. During attacks 10 secundum asystolia was recorded in the ECG. The electrophysiologic study of heart was normal, the carotid test resulted 3 secundum asystolia without clinical symptoms. The electroencephalogram and computertomogram of brain were normal. Carbamazepine and demand pacemaker were effective in controlling the symptoms of the patient. Finally, aetiology, pathogenesis and treatment of glossopharyngeal neuralgia are discussed.
Aged↗
[Porphyria cutanea tarda in a long-term hemodialysis patient].
A 61 year old man developed bullous skin lesions typical for porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) after being on maintenance hemodialysis for 3 years. The porphyrin level in the urine, plasma, erythrocytes and stool supported the diagnosis of porphyria cutanea tarda, a very rare disease in patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis. Therapeutic possibilities are reviewed.
Humans↗
[Biliary calculi in infancy and childhood].
Authors analyse the data of 48 children with cholelithiasis (29 girls, 19 boys, mean age: 8,7 years). In the infants the gallstones developed mostly on the basis of predisposing disease and in them the spontaneous stone dissolution is frequent. Patients were divided into two groups. In the I. group gallstones developed at the presence of predisposing diseases, in the II. group such disease were not identified. In childhood more patients belong to the I. group as our results and earlier reports show, in this group characteristic symptoms cannot be found. In the II. group the vague abdominal pain was the most frequent symptom. Beyond the age of 10 years the sex ratio and the symptoms are similar to those of adults. In the I. group in 8 cases, while in the II. in 16 cases was operation done. In the latter group in two patient stone dissolution took place with Ursodeoxycholicacid. In childhood complication are infrequent. The ultrasound examination is a very useful tool in the diagnosis and follow up of these patients.
Age Factors↗
[Obstructive ectopic ureterocele: review of the literature in the light of the authors' own experience].
The epidemiology, clinical presentation, evaluation and methods of surgical management of ectopic ureteroceles was studied. The prenatal detection of hydronephrosis of the upper pole of duplex systems allows early surgical correction, and this effectively decreases the risk of urinary tract infection, urosepsis and irreversible loss of renal function. Yet a precise prenatal diagnosis of accompanying ureterocele is not necessary for efficient postnatal management.
Child, Preschool↗
[Extrahepatic cholestasis in infancy and childhood: the role of ultrasonography].
Of 23 children with extrahepatic cholestatic syndromes, who were studied with sonography, there were found to have biliary atresia, choledochal cyst, cholelithiasis, stenosis of bile duct, gallbladder duplication, cholecystitis. Ultrasonography is the most useful initial investigation of choice, and in most of the cases the only investigation.
Age Factors↗
[Pelvic masses in childhood: ultrasonographic imaging].
The echographic appearance of pelvic masses in children was examined in 38 patients. Sonography was correct in determining the site of origin in all cases. Cystic uterine masses and cystic ovarian masses were the most specific, representing hydrometrocolpos and benign ovarian cysts. A nonspecific sonographic pattern was encountered with complex masses, which proved to be ovarian teratomas, hemorrhagic ovarian cysts and pelvic abscesses. Although a number of characteristic features of teratomes have been described, these signs were seen very rarely in children.
Adnexal Diseases↗
[Importance of pre- and post-natal ultrasonic examination in neonatal hydronephrosis].
The widespread use of obstetric and neonatal sonography has resulted an increasing number of neonatal hydronephrosis, and some of them are asymptomatic. From November 1987 to May 1990 49 neonates with hydronephrosis or multicystic dysplastic kidney were seen. The most common conditions found were obstruction of the distal ureter (10), multicystic dysplatic kidney (12). Fifty-three percent of the cases were discovered on fetal screening during obstetric sonography, seven of them were asymptomatic at birth, but 4 of the asymptomatic babies underwent operation in the neonatal period. Nine of the postnatal diagnosed cases were incidental findings. The major benefit of prenatal echography is to allow early recognition of major uropathic conditions before postnatal infection worsens the prognosis. A correct postnatal ultrasound diagnosis was established in all cases.
Female↗
[Prenatal diagnosis and postnatal management of urologic abnormalities. Review and personal experiences].
The possibilities and the difficulties of prenatal ultrasonography in detecting fetal renal abnormalities are discussed in this review article. The consequences of prenatally diagnosed uropathies are: intrauterine surgery, termination of pregnancy, induction of premature labour and an optimal preparation for the immediate postnatal diagnosis and management.
Abnormalities, Multiple↗
Neonatal abdominal cystic masses: spontaneous regression demonstrated with ultrasound.
Abdominal cyst was diagnosed in 14 babies by ultrasound examination (9 multicystic dysplastic kidneys, 4 ovarian cysts, 1 bowel duplication). The cysts were followed in 6 patients by ultrasound and marked reduction of multicystic dysplastic kidneys was observed in 2 patients, and 1 ovarian cyst fully disappeared. Their experience in agreement with the literature data suggest that conservative management with sonographic reevaluation is an acceptable alternative to surgical therapy in uncomplicated cases.
Abdomen↗