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Biomedical subjects

E Klímová

Publications and source records attributed to E Klímová.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Prevalence of and resistance to anti-microbial drugs in selected microbial species isolated from bulk milk samples.

The prevalence of strains of Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative (CN) staphylococci, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, E. faecium and Bacillus cereus, was investigated in 111 bulk milk samples. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 38 samples, CN staphylococci from 63 samples, E. coli from 49 samples, E. faecalis or E. faecium from 107 samples, and L. monocytogenes from two samples. Bacillus cereus was not found in any of the samples and three samples were free of any of the selected species. Sensitivity to the anti-microbial drugs amikacin, ampicillin, ampicillin + sulbactam, cephalothin (CLT), cephotaxime, clindamycin, chloramphenicol (CMP), co-trimoxazole, erythromycin (ERY), gentamicin, neomycin, norfloxacin, oxacillin, penicillin, streptomycin (STR), tetracycline (TTC) and vancomycin was tested using the standard dilution technique. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) characteristics (MIC50, MIC90, MIC range) were determined for each microbial species. Resistance against one or more anti-microbial drugs was found in 93% of S. aureus, 40% of CN staphylococci, 73% of E. coli, 88% of E.faecalis, 55% of E.faecium, and one L. monocytogenes strain. Most of the strains, particularly enterococci, were resistant to STR, TTC, and ERY (MIC50 4 microg/ml). A high percentage of staphylococci were resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics. High resistance to CLT was found in 11 strains of E. coli (MIC 256 microg/ml) and strains resistant to CMP (MIC90 16 microg/ml) were detected. The highest numbers of resistance phenotypes were found in E. coil (16) and CN staphylococci (12). Eighteen identical resistance phenotypes were demonstrated in indicator bacteria (E. coli, E. faecalis, E. faecium) and pathogens (S. aureus, CN staphylococci) isolated from the same bulk milk sample. The obtained resistance data were matched against the herd owners' information on therapeutic use of the drugs. This confrontation could not explain the findings of strains resistant to ERY or CMP. Our findings are evidence of selection of resistant strains among not only pathogenic agents, but also among indicator bacteria which can become significant carriers of transmissible resistance genes.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[Surgical treatment of discogenic compression of the spinal cord in the thoracic region].

The objective of the submitted work was to draw attention to some problems associated with the diagnosis and treatment of prolapse of sequestra of thoracic intervertebral discs. The investigated group comprised 9 subjects (4 women, 5 men) aged 33 to 67 years operated upon at the Neurosurgical Clinic in Kosice between Jan. 1 1982 and June 30 2001 on account of compression of nervous structures in the thoracic portion of the spine by sequestra of intervertebral discs. This was manifested by back pain, a sensation of stiffening of the muscles of the lower extremities, altered sensitivity and in all by impaired gait. Only one female patient developed urinary retention, another one painless paraparesis of the lower extremities, therefore the condition was evaluated as a demyelinisation process. In three patients as the only imaging examination method perimyelography was used, in another two it was supplemented by CT. Four patients were examined by MRI. This graphic method proved to be the most suitable. In all subjects of the investigated group the clinical picture and examination methods indicated a unilateral predominance of the affection. In five subjects it proved possible to remove the sequestream of the intervertebral disc via laminectomy, in another four a transpedicular approach into the spinal canal was used successfully. In all patients the condition improved after surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Optic neuritis as the first sign of multiple sclerosis].

BACKGROUND: Optic neuritis (ON) is as the initial manifestation of multiple sclerosis (SM) a favourable prognostic factor during the subsequent course. OBJECTIVE: To assess the ratio of ON at the onset of SM in the authors patients and to assess according to clinical criteria the form of disease and degree of functional inability, expressed by Kurtzke s EDSS scale. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a retrospective analysis of patients with clinically defined and probable SM (Poser s criteria)) hospitalized at the neurological clinic in 1987-2000 the authors investigated the incidence of ON in relation to the course and form of SM. In individual patients they evaluated the age at the onset of the first manifestations of SM, the form, duration and degree of functional inability in EDSS. These findings were compared in groups of patients with incipient ON and without ON at the onset of SM (non-ON). RESULTS: ON as an isolated initial symptom of SM was present in 29 (18.2%) of the total number of 159 patients. The mean age at the time of the initial ON was 27.9 years which is as compared with the non-ON group of SM patients by 2.8 years less. Patients with isolated ON at the onset had the resulting general affection by 2 grades EDDSS lower than the non-ON and it was recorded in 73% cases with a relapse-remitting course of SM. The secondary progressive form of the disease accounted for 27% and the primary progressive form was not found. CONCLUSION: ON as the initial manifestation of SM is a favourable prognostic factor during the subsequent clinical course of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Diagnostic validity of tests--binary tables or multidimensional statistical methods?].

The authors criticize the use of concepts of sensitivity and specificity calculated by means of a binary table in differential diagnostic reflections pertaining to more than one disease or several, i.e. more than one diagnostic test. On examples they present possibilities of different ways for calculating these concepts with different not correlating results. They indicate the justification of using multidimensional statistical methods in those instances and their better diagnostic yield.

Diagnosis↗
PubMed1990

[Newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus in patients with focal cerebral ischemia].

The authors analyze a group of 121 patients with focal cerebral ischaemia, hospitalized at the Neurological Clinic in Kosice in 1987-1989. Forty-three patients were treated before the development of the vascular attack for diabetes. In the second group of patients, comprising 78, diabetes was newly detected in 26, i. e. in one third of the group. Glycaemic compensation of 40% of the treated diabetics, evaluated on the basis of glycaemic profiles and the concentration of glycohaemoglobin, was not satisfactory. High glycohaemoglobin levels in five patients with newly detected diabetes suggested that diabetes had persisted for a long time and was probably asymptomatic. The mortality from a cerebral attack was higher in diabetics than in non-diabetics. The highest mortality was recorded in a group of women with newly detected diabetes where of nine six died. In the authors' opinion it is particularly important that in patients with newly detected diabetes death occurred at a younger age as compared with non-diabetics and with treated diabetics. Based on these results the authors confirm the view that undiagnosed and untreated diabetes is a serious risk factor for the development of focal cerebral ischaemia and that it plays moreover an important role in its subsequent course and provides a poorer perspective of recovery in the affected patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and catalase in the erythrocytes of patients with cerebral ischemia attacks].

The authors assessed the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and catalase in 73 patients with ischaemic cerebral attacks. They compared the results with a control group of 23 patients with vertebrogenic diseases. They recorded a mild decrease of activity of the above enzymes and draw attention to possible oxidation damage under conditions of cerebral hypoxia.

Adult↗