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Biomedical subjects

E Kolb

Publications and source records attributed to E Kolb.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[The content of DNA, RNA and protein and the wet weight:DNA, the protein:DNA and the RNA:DNA ratio in 19 different tissues of bovine fetuses of different body weight].

In 3 groups of fetuses (n = 6 each) of cattle with a body mass of 4.18 +/- 2.1 (about 160 days old), of 9.72 +/- 0.97 (about 200 days old) and of 17.12 +/- 2.61 kg (about 230 days old) the content of DNA, RNA and protein in 19 different tissues was analysed. The wet weight:DNA-, the protein:DNA- and the RNA:DNA-ratios were calculated. The growth of the different tissues in the mentioned period of the development of the fetuses by hyperplasia and hypertrophy is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[The wet weight and the content of DNA, RNA and protein of different tissues of 92 and 120 day old sheep fetuses and newborn lambs].

In sheep-fetuses of the age of 92 (615 +/- 49 g body weight) and of 120 days (1843 +/- 406 g body weight) as well as in newborn lambs (2815 +/- 648 g body weight) the content of DNA, RNA and protein per g wet weight in 14 tissues and in the fetal and the maternal portion of the placenta was analysed. A calculation of the development of the total content of DNA, RNA and protein in the different organs is given. The changes of the wet-weight:DNA-, the protein:DNA- and the RNA:DNA-ratio in the tissues during growth are described. The significance of these changes is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[The behavior of hematological parameters (hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocyte count) and clinicochemical values in plasma (glucose, total proteins, alpha-amino-N, urea, pepsinogen, ascorbic acid, Fe, Cu, Zn) and the content of ascorbic acid in liver, spleen and adrenal glands in healthy lambs and lambs infected with Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis].

In 8 healthy, noninfected lambs with an initial body weight (b. w.) of 24.79 +/- 1.16 kg as well as in 3 groups of lambs (n = 8 per group) of a similar body weight after an inoculation with 3rd stage larvae of Haemonchus contortus (2500) and Trichostrongylus colubriformis (10,000) analyses of the blood plasma were performed for 45 days thereafter. On the 37th day after infection ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg b. w.) was administered per os respectively subcutaneously to the lambs of 2 groups. After 7 and 8 days the content of ascorbic acid in the liver, the spleen and the adrenals as well as that of vitamin A in the liver was analysed. The behaviour of the values influenced by a moderate infection with trichostrongylid nematodes is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[The concentration of ascorbic acid in the liver, the cerebrum, the kidney, the adrenal glands and the musculus longissimus dorsi of dog fetuses, dogs and cats of different ages].

In dog fetuses aged of 45 and 55 days as well as in dogs and cats of different ages the body weight and the concentration of ascorbic acid in different tissues were analysed. In the liver, the highest concentration was determined in the dogs aged 28 days (432 +/- 71 micrograms/g wet weight) and in the cats aged of 42 days (474 +/- 85 micrograms/g). In the cerebrum the highest concentration was found in dog fetuses aged 55 days (821 +/- 75 micrograms/g) and in cats aged 1 to 3 days (888 +/- 56 micrograms/g). In the kidneys and in the M. longissimus dorsi, the concentration was also in part age-dependent. The concentration in the adrenals of dog fetuses was lower than that after birth: the highest concentration was analysed in dogs aged 28 days (1780 +/- 340 micrograms/g) and in cats aged 6 months (1497 +/- 203 micrograms/g). The significance of ascorbic acid for the development of the tissues of carnivores is discussed and compared with the concentration in other species.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1993

[The content of ascorbic acid in plasma and in 14 tissues of lambs of different ages during normal feeding and feeding restricted from time to time during the suckling period].

In normally fed lambs (group 1) the content of ascorbic acid (AA) in the plasma on day 8, 18, 28, 38, 48, 60 and 100 after birth was the same as in lambs, that were fed on days 8 to 17 (group 2), 8 to 26 (group 3) and 8 to 35 (group 4) on the maintenance level. The restrictive feeding induced for a certain time a decrease in the glucose content of the plasma. In the lambs of group 2 and 3 there was no differences in the content of AA in 14 tissues compared to group 1. In the lambs of group 4 the body weight on the 35th day was only 54 and the mass of the hypophysis 60, of the lung 55.9, of the liver 51, of the heart 47.2, of the spleen 44.7 and of the kidney 38% of that of group 1; there was a tendency to a lower content of AA in most tissues. With increasing age the content of AA in the cerebrum, in the cerebellum, in the brain stem and in the testicles decreased; the highest content in the hypophysis was determined on day 180. The regulation of the synthesis of AA in the liver under normal and pathological conditions is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[The content of ascorbic acid in tissues of swine fetuses and newborn piglets and in the blood plasma and tissue of swine of different ages with regard to the effect of the restriction of suckling time].

In 55, 75, 95 and 110 days old pig-fetuses as well as in newborn piglets the weight of different tissues and their content of ascorbic acid were analysed. The time for suckling of the piglets of 2 sows was restricted to 12 hours per day (= group A); the piglets of 2 sows were used as a control (= group B). The restriction of the milk intake did not influence the content of the blood plasma and of the tissues in ascorbic acid. After weaning the pigs of group A had a compensatory growth and on the 214th day after birth the same slaughter mass as that of the group B. There was no difference in the content of ascorbic acid of the tissues of the 2 groups of pigs. The significance of changes in the content of ascorbic acid in the tissues during the fetal and the postnatal growth is described.

Aging↗
PubMed1993

[The concentration of ascorbic acid, total protein, alpha-amino-N, glucose, 3-hydroxybutyrate and cholesterol and the activity of adenosine deaminase in the blood of sheep in five different periods of pregnancy and the content of ascorbic acid in 14 tissues].

Analyses of different compounds in the plasma of healthy sheep before birth were conducted from day 70 to 43 (group 1), 42 to 22 (group 2), 21 to 15 (group 3), 14 to 8 (group 4) and 7 to 1 (group 5). There were significant differences in the concentration of ascorbic acid, total protein, total alpha-Amino-N, glucose, 3-hydroxybutyrate and of adenosine deaminase in the plasma between several groups, their significance is discussed. There was no difference in the concentration of cholesterol in the plasma of the sheep of the 5 groups. The content of ascorbic acid in 14 different tissues of sheep of the age of 6 and 12 months was analysed. There were significant differences between the 2 groups in the levels of ascorbic acid of the cerebrum and cerebellum, the hypophysis, the lungs, the kidneys and the spleen.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[The content of hemoglobin in the blood and the abundant and trace elements in blood plasma and erythrocytes of sheep, fallow deer, dwarf goats and reindeer].

Of the 4 species, the blood of fallow deer had the highest concentration of Hb (10.9 +/- 0.7) and that of pygmy goats (6.5 +/- 1.4 mmol/l) the lowest. The highest concentration of protein in the plasma was found in the reindeer (81.2 +/- 2.1) and the lowest in the pygmy goats (59.1 +/- 4.3 g/l). High values of ascorbic acid were recorded in the reindeer (16.4 +/- 2.4) and in the Finnish sheep (16.3 +/- 2.5 micrograms/ml). There existed some differences in the concentrations of Na, K, Ca, Mg, Pa, Fe, Cu and Zn in the plasma of the sheep of 7 different breeds under similar nutritional conditions. The erythrocytes of the sheep of 3 breeds and that of fallow deer, of pygmy goats and of reindeer uniformly had a low Na- and a high K-concentration. The Ca-concentration of the erythrocytes of the sheep of most breeds and that of the fallow deer and pygmy goats was very low, that of Mg and Zn was higher than in the plasma.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[The effect of a restriction of the feed intake on the composition of the blood and on the development and composition of different tissues of sheep during growth. 2. The development of different tissues and the concentration of protein, DNA and RNA].

The concentration of protein in the cerebrum of sheep after a period of feed restriction (group 2) was lower (94.5 +/- 10.2) than in normally fed sheep of group 4 (101.4 +/- 9.4 mg/g wet weight). In the group 2 the concentration of protein in the M. longissimus dorsi and in the M. semimembranosus was also smaller. A high DNA-concentration was determined in the intestinal lymph nodes, in the spleen and in the lung. The DNA-concentration of the testes of group 2 (7.17 +/- 2.92) was higher than that of the group 4 (4.46 +/- 1.70 mg/g w. w.), also that of the renal fat tissue (0.39 +/- 0.18 resp. 0.20 +/- 0.09). The highest protein: DNA-relation in group 4 was found in the fat tissue (203.5: 1) and the lowest in the spleen (15.3: 1). A high RNA-concentration was analysed in the lymph nodes, in the spleen and in the lung. The RNA-concentration in the fat tissue of group 2 (0.34 +/- 0.13) was higher that that in group 4 (0.15 +/- 0.08 mg/g w. w.).

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[The effect of a restriction of nutrient intake on the composition of the blood and on the development and composition of different tissues of sheep during growth. 1. The level of the hematocrit and hemoglobin in the blood, that of protein, alpha amino-N, remaining N, glucose, FFA, insulin, beta-hydroxybutyrate, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Pa, Fe, iron-binding capacity, Cu and Zn and the activities of ALT, AST, LDH, GGT and AP in plasma at slaughter].

In lambs after weaning with a body weight of 16.3 +/- 1.5 kg (group 1) and in sheep after a period of fattening with an increase of the body weight of 72.2 +/- 13.6 (group 2), of 184.4 +/- 12.2 (group 3) respectively of 302.1 +/- 24.3 g per day (group 4) the concentration of the components mentioned in the title was analysed in blood and plasma. The hematocrit, the concentration of Hb in the blood and that of total protein, of nonprotein-N, of Na, of Ca, of the iron-binding capacity and of Zn as well as the activity of the 5 enzymes in the plasma of the sheep of group 4 were higher than that of the group 2. Stress by the transport and stunning increased the concentration of free fatty acids in the plasma. The significance of the results for the clinical-chemical diagnosis is discussed.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1992

Resistance to influenza virus infection of Mx transgenic mice expressing Mx protein under the control of two constitutive promoters.

Transgenic mice constitutively expressing in the brain the influenza virus resistance protein Mx1 controlled by the HMG (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase) promoter showed specific resistance against the neurotropic influenza A virus strain NWS. Control mice of the A2G strain express Mx1 protein in all organs, but only after induction by interferon type I upon or without viral infection. The extent of specific resistance in transgenic mice of the best-expressing line reached about two-thirds that of controls, most likely because of considerably less total-body Mx protein activity in the transgenic mice. Thus, the theoretical advantage in these mice of the continuous presence of Mx protein with early inhibitory potential to viral replication was apparently offset by restricted organ expression. Strong evidence that the Mx1 protein on its own is a specific anti-influenza A virus agent and that its efficiency in the experimental setting is independent of interferon actions could be derived from the treatment of experimental and control mice with anti-interferon antibodies at the time of virus tests. Whereas in A2G mice, Mx1 mRNA and Mx1 protein synthesis were abolished and viral resistance was markedly reduced or abolished, resistance in the transgenic mice persisted to almost the same degree. Transgenic mice generated with a mouse albumin/Mx1 cDNA construct showed liver-specific expression. However, in two expressing transgenic lines, Mx1 protein synthesis was suppressed after a few months. The mechanism of suppression could not be elucidated, but increasing methylation of the transgene's coding region was not the cause. It is possible that continuous Mx1 protein expression in the liver is less well tolerated than that in the brain. Whether this partial suppression and, with the HMG promoter, restricted organ expression are the organism's responses to interference of Mx1 with normal cellular activities such as nucleocytoplasmic transport of RNA and proteins cannot be determined until the molecular mechanisms of antiviral activity of Mx1 protein are understood.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Expression pattern of mouse mammary tumor virus in transgenic mice carrying exogenous proviruses of different origins.

To study the tissue specificity of mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) gene expression, we developed two series of transgenic mice, containing the MMTV proviral DNA of mammary (GR) and kidney (C3H-K) origin. The expression pattern in the MMTV(GR) transgenic mice is very similar to that observed in infected animals, e.g., a strong preference for viral expression in the lactating mammary glands and lower levels of expression in salivary glands, lymphoid tissues, and male reproductive organs. One line of transgenic mice carrying the C3H-K provirus has a similar expression pattern, indicating that MMTV(C3H-K), despite a striking alteration in the U3 region of its long terminal repeat, can be expressed in the same tissues as the wild-type MMTV.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[The content of DNA, RNA and protein and the fresh weight:DNA, protein:DNA and RNA:DNA ratios in tissue of male calves, bulls, short-scrotum bulls and oxen during the growth period].

In male calves, in bulls, in short scrotum bulls and in oxen of different age the content of DNA, RNA and protein in various tissues (cerebrum, cerebellum, spinal cord, ventricles, lung, liver, cortex of the kidney, spleen, testicles, M. semimembranosus) was analysed. The fresh weight: DNA-, the protein: DNA- and the RNA: DNA-ratios were calculated. In the age of 78 weeks the short scrotum bulls had a body weight of 577 +/- 44, the bulls of 550 +/- 21 and the oxen of 462 +/- 41 kg. The testicles of the short scrotum bulls were smaller than that of the bulls. The differences in the content of DNA, RNA and protein per g tissue between male calves, bulls, short scrotum bulls and oxen of the same age were in part significant. The total content of DNA, of RNA and of protein for the 78 weeks old as well as the number of nuclei of the lung, the liver, the spleen and the testicles for the 6 and 78 weeks old animals were calculated. The biochemical parameters can be used for the characterization of the inhibition of growth of the different organs of calves and cattle by malnutrition and diseases.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[The fresh weight and the concentration of DNA, RNA and protein in different tissues of swine of different ages].

Female pigs aged between one day (body weight 1.39 +/- 0.20 kg) and 1123 days (b. w. 233 +/- 32 kg) were allotted to 10 groups of various age and analyses of the concentration of DNA, RNA and protein in 9 different tissues were performed. The wet weight: DNA-, the protein: DNA- and the RNA: DNA-ratio were determined. With the exception of the liver the content in DNA, RNA and protein increased to the age of 1123 days. The highest fresh weight: DNA ratio of 2041 was reached on the 1123rd day in the M.longissimus; the smallest (111) existed at this time in the spleen. In the liver the highest content in fresh weight, in DNA and RNA was found on the 180th day. The smallest increases in the content of DNA and RNA in the mentioned period were in the brain, the highest in the spleen, the liver and the M.longissimus dorsi. The values can be used as a basis for studies on the influence of feeding and of diseases (infections) on growth.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[The content of the DNA, the RNA and the wet weight and the RNA:DNA and the wet weight:DNA ratio in different tissues during the growth of chickens. 2. Analysis of the kidney, the spleen, the gizzard and the M. pectoralis superficialis].

At chicken of the race "White Leghorn" the content of nuclei in the kidney was highest (14.60 x 10(9)) on the 203rd, in the spleen on the 112th (14.85 x 10(9)), in the gizzard on the 112th (18,24 x 10(9)) and in the M. pectoralis superficialis on the 168th day (36.42 x 10(9)) after hatching. The biggest fresh weight:DNA-ratio was determined in the kidney on the 203rd (285), in the spleen on the 28th (92) and in the gizzard (694) and in the M. pectoralis superficialis (1984) on the 203rd day. The DNA-concentration on the 2nd day after hatching in the kidney was 4,56 +/- 0,36, in the spleen 11.49 +/- 0.84, in the gizzard 1.85 +/- 0.13 and in the M. pectoralis superficialis 2.96 +/- 0.18 mg/g wet weight respectively the RNA:DNA-ratio in these tissues 1.00, 0.88, 1.70 and 0.85. The growth of tissues by the increase of the number of cells (hyperplasia) and of the volume of cells (hypertrophy) is described.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[The content of DNA, RNA and wet weight and the RNA:DNA and wet weight:DNA ratio in different tissues during the growth of chickens. 1. Analysis of the brain, the myocardium, the lungs and the liver].

At each 8 chickens of the race "white leghorn" analyses of the body weight as well of the wet weight and the concentration of DNA and of RNA in different tissues from the 2nd to the 203rd day after hatching were performed. On the 2nd day after hatching the DNA-concentration in the brain amounted to 1.50 +/- 0.12, in the heart-muscle to 2.86 +/- 0.19, in the lung to 7.23 +/- 0.19 and in the liver to 2.86 +/- 0.20 mg/g wet weight. The highest content of nuclei in the brain of 1.38 x 10(9) was estimated on the 56th, in the heart-muscle of 1.94 x 10(9) on the 168th day, in the lung of 16.86 x 10(9) on the 112th day and in the liver of 69.81 x 10(9) on the 203rd day. Further the RNA:DNA- and the wet weight:DNA-ratio of the different tissues was calculated.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Concentration of Fe, Fe-binding capacity, Cu and Zn in the plasma of piglets before and after oral administration of iron sulfate solution].

In piglets, the influence of the ingestion of Fe-enriched faeces, of the oral application of Fe-dextran (containing 150, 200 or 250 mg Fe) up to the 8th hour as well as the intramuscular injection of Fe-dextran (150 mg Fe) on the 2nd and 3rd day after birth on Fe-resorption was analysed. On the 5th to the 7th and on the 12th to the 14th day after birth the highest increase in the Fe-concentration and the highest values of the Fe-binding capacity of the plasma after the oral application of a solution of Fe-sulphate (containing 20 mg Fe/kg body weight) were confirmed in the piglets with the ingestion of Fe-enriched faeces and in the control piglets without Fe-supplementation. The increase of the iron concentration in the plasma induced a decrease in the concentration of Cu in some cases and of Zn in the plasma in most cases. The biggest increase in body weight was established in the piglets that ingested Fe-enriched faeces.

Administration, Oral↗