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E Kristoffersen

Publications and source records attributed to E Kristoffersen.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Diagnostic and biological significance of anti-p41 IgM antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi.

We performed a prospective study to investigate the biological significance and diagnostic specificity of anti-p41 immunoglobulin (Ig)M antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi. During a 1-year interval 2403 patients were referred to our department for B. burgdorferi serology. Sixty-three patients had repetitive positive tests for IgM anti-p41 antibodies and negative tests for anti-p41 IgG antibodies. Ten of the 63 patients recently had symptoms of erythema migrans. A confirmatory IgM Western blot gave a positive reaction in 5 patients out of 53 patients with little or no clinical evidence of B. burgdorferi infection. The remaining 48 patients were negative in this test and were considered as false-positives. Two whole cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISAs), two immunofluorescence assays and Western blotting were not useful as confirmatory tests. Sera from 330 blood donors and 72 cord sera were also screened for anti-p41 IgM. Five blood donor sera and five cord sera showed an IgM reactivity against p41. Based on our data we hypothesize that up to 1.5% of the population may have natural IgM antibodies against p41 in their sera. We observed that six out of nine sera with such antibodies could immobilize a B. afzelii reference strain in vitro. Whether anti-p41 IgM antibodies are capable of inactivating infective spirochetes and thereby prevent infection in vivo is, however, not yet clarified. The paradoxical conclusion that anti-p41 IgM antibodies may be a sign of resistance to infection rather than a sign of infection should be given consideration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Individual predictability of repeated spinal anaesthesia with plain 0.5% bupivacaine.

To evaluate the individual predictability of spinal anaesthesia, 10 patients (3 women and 7 men) scheduled for control cystoscopy were studied twice within 9 months. Lumbar puncture was performed in the midline at the L2/3 interspace with the patient in the sitting position using plain 0.5% bupivacaine at 37 degrees C. A non-parametric Spearman test showed that, on the basis of the first block, the predictability of the cephalad analgesic spread of the second anaesthesia was high up to 60 min after injection. Thereafter the predictability decreased. The predictability of the motor blockade was generally low. Six patients obtained complete motor blockade twice; the remaining four, once.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Spinal analgesia with plain 0.5% bupivacaine administered at spinal interspace L2-3 or L4-5.

Forty patients (age range 60-79 yr) undergoing transurethral surgery were allocated randomly to receive 0.5% plain bupivacaine 4 ml at the L2-3 (n = 20) or L4-5 (n = 20) space. The solution was injected over 30 s with the patient in the sitting position. The patient was kept sitting for 2 min, then placed supine and, 5 min later, placed in the lithotomy position. No significant differences were found in onset time, extent and duration of analgesia or duration of motor block.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Spinal anaesthesia with plain 0.5% bupivacaine at 19 degrees C and 37 degrees C.

Forty-five men aged 50-80 yr undergoing urological surgery under spinal anaesthesia were allocated randomly to three groups. All patients received 0.5% plain bupivacaine 3 ml injected at the L2-3 interspace. The temperature of the solution in group 1 was 19 degrees C, in groups 2 and 3 37 degrees C. In groups 1 and 2 the injection was performed with the patient sitting; in group 3 the patient was in a lateral horizontal position. Spread of block, intensity of motor block and cardiovascular stability were measured. Warming the solution from 19 degrees C to 37 degrees C before spinal injection with the patient in the sitting position did not significantly affect these variables. However, the extent of analgesia was reduced significantly when the 37 degrees C solution was injected with the patient in the lateral horizontal compared with the sitting position.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical aspects of spinal anesthesia administered using 0.5% isobar bupivacaine (Maracine) at the L2/L3 or L4/L5 level].

The effect of employing different interspaces for lumbar puncture during spinal anaesthesia was evaluated in 40 patients receiving 4 ml of 0.5% plain bupivacaine at level L2/L3 or L4/L5. No differences were observed in onset, spread or duration of analgesia. Furthermore, we found that only 80% of the patients, independently of the interspace used, had a cephalad spread to T8 and conclude that spinal anaesthesia using plain bupivacaine is not ideal for supraumbilical surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Plain bupivacaine: 0.5% or 0.25% for spinal analgesia?

Plain 0.5% bupivacaine 3 ml was compared with plain 0.25% bupivacaine 6 ml for spinal anaesthesia during transurethral surgery in 40 patients. The solutions were injected over 30 s at the L3/4 space with the patient in the sitting position. The patient was kept sitting for 2 min, supine for 5 min and then placed in the lithotomy position. No significant differences were found in onset time, extent of cephalad spread, duration of sensory or motor blockade, or side effects. The use of a 0.5% plain solution of bupivacaine did not appear to confer any advantage over the 0.25% solution.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Perineuronal morphine: a comparison with epidural morphine.

In a double-blind, randomised controlled cross-over study the effects of perineuronal (perifemoral) injections of morphine were compared with epidural injections with the same amount of morphine in patients after knee surgery. Better pain scores were achieved during treatment with epidural morphine. We have not been able to confirm the hypothesis of neuro-axonal transport of morphine from the periphery to the spinal cord.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Patient-controlled analgesia: a controlled trial.

Thirty-six patients undergoing lower abdominal surgery were included in a prospective randomized controlled study to compare the effects of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) and a standard intramuscular/intravenous treatment (conventional analgesia, CA) of postoperative pain. Morphine was used in both groups. There were no significant differences between the two analgesic regimens in respect of linear analogue pain scores, verbal pain-relief scores, amount of morphine used or side-effects. No treatment-induced alterations in vital values were experienced.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1979

X/X translocation and Turner's syndrome in a woman with climacterium praecox.

A woman with X/X translocation is presented, and the association between the different types of X/X translocation and Turner's syndrome as well as the question of menstruations and fertility in women with Turner's syndrome are discussed. It is concluded that streak gonads should most probably not be included in the definition of Turner's syndrome.

Adult↗