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Biomedical subjects

E L Lloyd

Publications and source records attributed to E L Lloyd.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Accidental hypothermia.

Hypothermia and its management are examined and logical explanations are given for discarding many traditional views. Hypothermia is classified according to physiological changes, and a practical approach is suggested for management.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

The cause of death after rescue.

It is recognized that some people die from hypothermia even though they are alive and uninjured when rescued. The traditional explanation is that this is due to ventricular fibrillation resulting from the afterdrop of core temperature. This hypothesis was based on inadequate measurement and failure to consider the physiology of cold. It should now be discarded. Most deaths after rescue occur through an imbalance between the active vascular capacity and the circulating fluid volume i.e. relative hypovolaemia or fluid overload. The actual mechanism in any individual case depends both on the history of the cooling and the method of rewarming used. Some deaths will however occur due to continued cooling of the body or to ventricular fibrillation precipitated by rough handling.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

The role of cold in ischaemic heart disease: a review.

A review of the literature suggests that the geographical and social class distribution of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) could be partly explained by variations in degrees of cold exposure, which includes wind and rain as well as temperature, with frequent exposure to cold being more harmful than steady exposure. Blood pressure (BP) and serum cholesterol are raised in response to acute and chronic exposure to cold. Smoking and cold produce similar physiological changes which increase the risk of IHD, while regular exercise blunts the physiological effects of cold and other stresses. There are many acute responses to cold which could trigger a myocardial infarction (MI) and therefore cold is probably a major precipitating factor in many cases of MI. Public health measures to improve domestic housing and the working environment may produce a significant impact on the incidence of IHD.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1990

Hypothesis: temperature recommendations for elderly people: are we wrong?

By concentrating housing recommendations purely on temperature, particularly of the living room, the medical profession may be doing a disservice to the elderly and may be causing increased numbers of cold-related deaths through attempting to reduce the far fewer cases of hypothermia. The best advice may be to avoid having one room significantly warmer than the rest of the house, to prewarm the bed and bedroom at night, to wear adequate clothing, eat adequate food, and take some exercise.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Hypothermia and cold.

Hypothermia is defined and classified, and the physiology of temperature regulation summarized; fluid balance and the phenomenon of symptomless cooling are considered in more detail. The symptoms and signs of hypothermia are charted, with cautions, and the problems considered of making any diagnosis, including that of death, in hypothermic patients. Recommendations for treatment are complicated by the possible presence of other factors including drowning and the so-called 'diving reflex' phenomenon. There are many methods of rewarming and all are safe if used with intensive care monitoring. However, for field use by the rescue services there are only three practical methods. The traditional explanation of why survivors die after rescue is discarded with an alternative proposed. Since hypothermia is not numerically the most important cause of cold-related deaths, the other dangers are considered. Finally caution is advised when interpreting published papers on hypothermia.

Body Temperature Regulation↗
PubMed1988

Fish oil.

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Coronary Disease↗