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Biomedical subjects

E L Lloyd

Publications and source records attributed to E L Lloyd.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Cell survival following multiple-track alpha particle irradiation.

In experiments in which mammalian cells were irradiated with 5 . 6 MeV alpha particles from a Tandem Van de Graaff machine, we have confirmed the finding of others that the mean lethal dose (Do) is about 60 rad. However, on measuring the area of the nuclei of the flattened cells as they were irradiated, we found that this mean lethal dose corresponds to the passage of not one or two alpha particles per cell nucleus as expected but to between 10 and 20 particles. This allows for the possibility that the direct action of alpha particles on the nucleus may be the important event in carcinogenesis.

Alpha Particles↗
PubMed1979

Transformation of mammalian cells by alpha particles.

Mammalian cells in culture have been shown here for the first time to be transformed by alpha irradiation. Mouse embryo (C3H 10T1/2) cells were transformed with 5.6 MeV alpha particles from a Tandem Van de Graaff machine. Malignant tumours were induced following inoculation of the transformed cells into syngeneic hosts. Unirradiated control cells failed to produce tumours. The morphology of the transformed foci was similar to that obtained by X-rays and chemicals but different from virally transformed cells. The transformation frequency increased approximately as the cube of the dose to a maximum of about 4 per cent ofthe surviving cells which occurred between 1.5 and 2.5 x 10(7) alpha particles per cm2 (205-342 rad). It appears that alpha particle irradiation may exert a direct effect on the genome of the cell to produce malignancy without any external immunological or hormonal influences.

Alpha Particles↗
PubMed1977

Factors affecting performance during an endurance relay.

A successful attempt by Edinburgh Athletic Club on the world record for the 24-hour 10-man x 1 mile relay is reported. The effects of a variety of factors on the performances of the athletes are assessed, and some physiological changes noted. In the light of these observations recommendations are made to help the planning of future record attempts.

Heart Rate↗
PubMed1977

Physical rehabilitation for the chronic bronchitic: results of a controlled trial of exercises in the home.

Twenty-four men with chronic bronchitis participated in a controlled trial of a physical training scheme. The training involved progressive stair-climbing exercises carried out over a three-month period unsupervised at home. The twelve men in the exercise group benefited significantly in terms of general well-being and reduced breathlessness. Their exercise tolerance increased significantly as judged by increased walking speed in a simple 12-minute walking test and by a greater work load tolerated in a progressive work load test on a bicycle ergometer. The mean stride length during the walking test increased significantly with training. No significant changes occurred in body weight, ventilatory function tests or heart rate on exercise. There were no important changes in the control group. It is not clear whether the improvements noted were due to physiological changes such as improved neuromuscular coordination producing a more efficient walking pattern or to predominantly psychological factors such as increased tolerance of dyspnoea. The study demonstrates that a simple training scheme which can be administered from a hospital clinic or family doctor's surgery is safe, feasible, and of benefit to the chronic bronchitic.

Aged↗