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Biomedical subjects

E L Radin

Publications and source records attributed to E L Radin.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
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Joint function.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Cartilage↗
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[Synovial membrane and cartilage changes in an arthrosis model. Instability and impact stress model].

UNLABELLED: Surgical instability and repetitive impulsive loading was used to generate degenerative changes in knee joints of rabbits. Light- and electronmicroscopy was carried out at synovial membrane and cartilage samples. The instabilised joints had early synovial inflammation, preceding overall cartilage changes. Synoviocytes were activated and showed more and dilatated cytoplasmatic organells. Invaded round cells--potentially cartilage degenerative--were seen. In the loading model no initial synovial inflammation could be seen. Focal cartilage changes were located at the weight bearing zone. Two different inductive pathways may be involved in cartilage breakdown comparing the two arthrosis models. Mechanical factors seemed to trigger cartilage changes in the loading model, an inflammatory synovial pathway is likely to initiate cartilage breakdown in the instability model. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The synovial membrane has the key-position for the cartilage degeneration in posttraumatic joint affections. The therapeutic use of antiphlogistic substances is indicated to supreme inflammatory mediators from the synovial membrane. This therapeutic concept seemed not to be useful in primary mechanical induced osteoarthrosis.

Animals↗
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On the origins of high in vivo wear rates in polyethylene components of total joint prostheses.

Scanning electron microscope examination of the polyethylene components of 8 total hip and 16 total knee prostheses which had been implanted 4--96 months revealed that in many cases severe wear may not necessarily be caused by the presence of acrylic cement debris or other abrasives. The craters and cracks observed on severely worn surfaces are associated with fusion defects in the plastic itself. The fusion defects were seen to occur as a result of the low temperature necessary to mold ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene and are (at least at present) difficult to avoid. As a consequence of the above and variability of molecular weight in this material, relatively wide variations in wear rate should be expected even in the absence of acrylic debris.

Acrylates↗
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Effect of repetitive impulsive loading on the knee joints of rabbits.

To simulate the forces from hopping, the right foot of adult rabbits was subjected to 1 1/2 the animal's body weight 40 times a minute for 20-40 minutes per day. During these brief periods of repetitive impulsive loading the legs were held in short-leg splints to eliminate the natural shock-absorbing mechanism associated with ankle dorsiflexion and calve muscle stretching. Under these conditions subchondral bone stiffening occurred and was associated with the earliest metabolic changes of cartilage damage. When bone stiffening returned to normal the effect on the cartilage did not completely disappear, although these effects diminished. The results suggested that subchondral bone stiffening accompanies the earliest metabolic changes in osteoarthrosic chondrocytes and suggests that trabecular microfracture may occur very early in this sequence of events.

Animals↗
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Meniscal function and the importance of meniscal regeneration in preventing late medical compartment osteoarthrosis.

The medial meniscus was totally removed in 22 patients who were followed up for more than ten years. Preservation of the meniscal rims enhances regeneration. There was no evidence of medial compartment damage in 91% of the patients by arthroscopic examination at ten years' follow-up examination. This finding suggests that meniscal rim regeneration can protect the joint from osteoarthrotic changes. Late medial compartment osteoarthrosis following medial meniscectomy in an otherwise normal knee is probably avoidable if surgical and postoperative treatment are designed to enhance regeneration of the meniscal rim.

Adult↗