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Biomedical subjects

E L Young

Publications and source records attributed to E L Young.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Effects of dietary ingredients and Eimeria acervulina infection on chick performance, apparent metabolizable energy, and amino acid digestibility.

In each of three 2-wk experiments, chicks were inoculated on d 9 or 11 with 5.0 x 10(5) Eimeria acervulina sporulated oocysts (acute infection) or on d 9, 12, 15, and 18 with 1.5 x 10(5) sporulated oocysts (chronic infection). In Experiment 1, both fish meal (15%) and GroBiotic-P (GB; International Ingredient Corporation, St. Louis, MO; 5%) diets completely ameliorated the negative effects of acute and chronic coccidiosis infection on growth performance of crossbred chicks. The acute coccidiosis infection greatly reduced MEn and amino acid (AA) digestibility, and the magnitude of response varied with the timing of excreta collection after inoculation. Both fish meal and GB diets ameliorated the large negative effects of coccidiosis infection on MEn and AA digestibility. In Experiment 2, a wheat-barley-pectin diet and acute coccidiosis infection depressed crossbred chick BW gain, AA digestibility, and MEn in comparison with a corn-soybean meal diet; there generally were no interactions between diet type and coccidiosis infection. In Experiment 3, using commercial broiler chicks, diets containing 2 to 6% GB did not improve the growth performance of coccidiosis-infected chicks, but they did improve the growth of the noninfected chicks. The results of this study indicate that coccidiosis infection (E. acervulina) reduces MEn and AA digestibility in chicks and that the coccidiosis effect is influenced by diet composition, type of infection (acute vs. chronic), and timing of excreta collection.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1997

Evaluation of a rapid, new method for detecting serum IgG antibodies to Helicobacter pylori.

There is an increased need for rapid, inexpensive tests to diagnose Helicobacter pylori infection. Our objective was to determine the performance characteristics of an immunochromatographic test (ICT) for detection of anti-H. pylori IgG antibodies. A commercially available ICT kit (FlexSure HP) was tested with a well-characterized cohort of banked sera as well as with fresh serum from randomly selected symptomatic patients. The ICT was evaluated with 107 stored sera and 96 prospective patients. The test correctly identified 65 of 68 H. pylori-infected and 37 of 39 noninfected stored sera and 54 of 57 infected and 30 of 39 noninfected patients. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 96%, 95%, 97%, and 93% in stored serum and 95%, 77%, 86%, and 91% in fresh serum, respectively. We concluded that the ICT, reported at 4 min, is highly sensitive for detecting anti-H. pylori IgG antibodies in human serum. With a high negative predictive value, the test may be used to exclude H. pylori infection in symptomatic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Prospective evaluation of a new urea-membrane test for the detection of Helicobacter pylori in gastric antral tissue.

AIM: To determine the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of a newly developed urea-membrane test for the detection of Helicobacter pylori in gastric tissue. METHODS: Patients presenting for upper endoscopy with no recent exposure to H. pylori-altering drugs were enrolled. Antral biopsy specimens were tested by the urea-membrane and urea-gel methods and submitted for histology. Patients underwent [13C]urea breath tests. Presence of H. pylori was established by histology or the combination of a positive [13C]urea breath test and a positive urea-gel test. Absence of H.pylori required both the [13C]urea breath test and the invasive tests to be negative. The urea-membrane test was reported at 1 hour. RESULTS: Ninety-nine patients (47 men and 52 women) with a mean age of 51.43 +/- 14.9 years participated. Fifty of 99 patients (prevalence, 50.5%) tested positive for H. pylori. The urea-membrane test correctly identified 49 of 50 H. pylori-positive and 46 of 49 H. pylori-negative patients, yielding sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 98.0%, 93.9%, and 94.2% and 97.9%, respectively, in this population. CONCLUSIONS: Rapidly available and reliable results from the urea-membrane test can facilitate clinical decision prior to patient discharge from the endoscopy suite.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Instance-based clusters of fear and anxiety: is ambiguity an essential dimension?

Students rated instances of fear-like emotions on 34 attributes related to distinctions between fear and anxiety in the literature, and then on relative degree of fear vs anxiety produced. Instances rated most fear-like had been rated as higher than more anxiety-like instances in terms of clarity and reality of causes, but lower in terms of the clarity of understanding the situation and knowing what to do when in it. There were two distinct clusters of fear-like instances and two distinct "anxiety clusters;" the two fear clusters were more different from each other than from the two anxiety clusters in terms of ratings on these clarity-related attributes. Analysis suggested (a) that "pure fear" is less vague than anxiety in some ways but more vague in other ways and (b) that comparisons have to be qualified because emotion-labels usually encompass more than one kind of emotion. However, differences in present-centeredness and other factors may be reliable and general.

Anxiety↗