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Biomedical subjects

E Larson

Publications and source records attributed to E Larson.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

The epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus in a newborn nursery from 1970 through 1976.

Results of seven years of epidemiologic surveillance for Staphylococcus aureus in a newborn nursery are presented as a follow-up of a study from this same institution published in 1969. Surveillance of the previous study included years 1961 through 1968. A continued rise in S. aureus colonization rates among newborns occurred from 1973 through 1976 as compared to previous years studied. This was related primarily to the discontinuance of hexachlorophene (HCP) bathing. Other contributing factors were the addition in 1972 of the umbilical (as well as anterior nares) site for culturing, potentially doubling the S. aureus retrieval; the use, beginning in 1972, of an HCP-inhibiting medium for staphylococcal culturing; and probably the presence in previous years of the Hawthorne effect. Clinical infection rates with S. aureus also increased significantly (P less than .001)when HCP bathing was in abeyance. Antibiotic sensitivity patterns of S. aureus isolated from 1970 through 1976 have remained the same. Five phage types were recurrent in causing clinical infections throughout the seven years. A recommended program for control of staphylococcal disease in the newborn nursery includes concentration on improvement of each staff member's individual technique, continuous epidemiologic surveillance, and routine umbilical care with triple dye or bacitracin. Bathing of infants with HCP should be considered a temporary treatment to be terminated as acute disease is controlled.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1976

E trisomy phenotype associated with small metacentric chromosome and a familial Y-22 translocation.

As a result of this case report, several entities are postulated due to an extra metacentric D or E chromosome: 1) infants presenting with a phenotype similar to the E 18 trisomy; however, the karyotype can be interpreted as either a deleted E or D chromosome; 2) another group of children all presenting with mental retardation, facial asymmetry, scoliosis and cerebral palsy, postulated due to a partial trisomy of E 16 or E 17; 3) individuals with a normal phenotype, but chromosomally presented with an additional satellited metacentric chromosome consistent with centric fusion of a D or G chromosome and 4) children presenting with an inconsistent phenotype and chromosomally presenting with an extra chromosome manifesting satellites or satellite association; the same chromosome abnormality often is found in unaffected parents and/or sibs.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effective hand degerming in the presence of blood.

This study evaluated the effect of blood on the antimicrobial activity of several agents used for handwashing. Seventy-one healthy adult volunteers used 1 of 6 products (70% isopropyl alcohol [IPA]; liquid hand rinse containing 70% ethyl alcohol and 0.5% chlorhexidine gluconate [EA]; detergent containing 7.5% povidone-iodine [PI]; detergent containing 4% chlorhexidine gluconate [CHG]; a nonantimicrobial soap; and a control group that used no product) in two tests: with and without 1.2 mL of dried sterile sheeps' blood on the hands. In the presence of blood, the two alcohol products (IPA and EA) resulted in significantly greater reductions in numbers of colony-forming units than other products (P less than 0.001). When no blood was present, IPA was associated with significantly greater reductions, whereas soap and control groups had significantly lower reductions (P = 0.008). We conclude that hands are effectively degermed with a variety of products in the presence of blood, and that alcohols give greater initial reductions in colonizing flora. This is of particular relevance in emergency situations during which contamination with blood is likely and handwashing facilities are inaccessible.

1-Propanol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nursing research and societal needs: political, corporate, and international perspectives.

Tension exists between political and public pressure for fiscal constraint in health care expenditures and the scientific community urging greater allocation of research funds. Some contend that scientists are out of touch with the rest of society. This issue is discussed from the political, corporate, and international perspectives. Nurse researchers need to examine their priorities and determine whether they are congruent with societal need. In addition, increased interaction with the public, increased involvement with the federal decision making process, and the building of research consortia and collaborative endeavors are recommended.

Global Health↗