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Biomedical subjects

E Lawson

Publications and source records attributed to E Lawson.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

The efficacy of cotton cover gowns in reducing infection in nursing neutropenic patients: an evidence-based study.

This pilot study aimed to investigate the routine use of cotton cover gowns in the care of neutropenic patients and whether the rate of infection would increase if they were not used. Patients were randomly placed into alternate groups on admission and nursed with or without gowns. The patients' rates of infection were noted with no significant difference in infection rates. Using evidence from a systematic review of the literature, cover gowns have now been removed as a method of protecting neutropenic patients. 'Simple' and effective hand-washing, together with the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, has been shown to be sufficient protection for these patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Reliability of the Terry: a mental health cartoon-like screener for African-American children.

Test-retest reliability and internal consistency of the Terry, a cartoon-based child mental health screener developed for African-American children, were measured in 36 boys (age 5 1/2 to 13) in a test-retest design. Reliability of the diagnosis (0.70 < or = k < or = 0.75) was good for ADHD, ODD, CD, and OAD, and excellent for MDD and SAD. Because of low base-rate, no kappa value was calculated for SPh. Both test-retest agreement, and reliability of the symptom scale (0.75 < or = ICC < or = 0.80) were very good for all 7 diagnoses. Internal consistency according to symptom scale (0.78 < or = Cronbach alpha < or = 0.90), was moderate for OAD, good for SPh, MDD, SAD, CD, and ODD, and excellent for ADHD. The Terry is a culturally-sensitive questionnaire with good reliability.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Development of an efficient transposon tagging system in Arabidopsis thaliana.

We are currently developing a transposon tagging system in Arabidopsis thaliana using the maize transposable elements Ac and Ds. In order to make the system as efficient as possible, four different antibiotic resistance markers have been tested for their usefulness in monitoring excision and reinsertion of transposons in the Arabidopsis genome. Owing to the low transposition frequency of wild-type Ac in Arabidopsis we have also tested a number of modifications to the Ac element. Deletion of the CpG-rich region in the transposase 5' untranslated leader was found to significantly increase the activity of Ac in Arabidopsis. In our first non-targeted tagging experiment, 200 individuals with an inherited transposed Ac element have been collected and their progeny are being screened in families of twelve for segregation of mutant phenotypes. A two-element system, using Ac and Ds, is also being developed and a way of stabilising the Ds-induced mutations by counter selecting plants carrying the transposase source is being investigated. The Agrobacterium T-DNA insertions carrying the different transposons are currently being mapped onto the Arabidopsis RFLP map. Inverse polymerase chain reaction (IPCR) is being used to generate flanking DNA probes, that will be used on the RFLP blots to map the T-DNA relative to the other known markers. Once the first few have been mapped the first targeted tagging experiment will be initiated.

Arabidopsis↗
PubMed1988

Loss of matrix calcium-binding protein-containing neurons in Huntington's disease.

In post-mortem brain specimens from patients dying with a clinical diagnosis of Huntington's disease (HD) immunohistochemistry showed a substantial loss from the neostriatum of neurons containing the calcium-binding protein calbindin 28K. These calbindin neurons, and the straital compartment in which they are sited, are particularly damaged in HD, suggesting that a failure of calcium buffering or homeostasis may contribute to cell death in HD.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Risk of respiratory distress syndrome after prenatal dexamethasone treatment.

A prospective double-blind randomized clinical trial was carried out to determine whether glucocorticoid treatment reduces the risk of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in prematurely born infants. There were 127 infants born to 122 mothers who received either steroid (dexamethasone phosphate) or placebo. No differences between groups occurred in risk factors for RDS (eg, prepartum asphyxia, male sex, cesarean section). When those who received a full course of dexamethasone therapy were compared with those who received placebo, a significant reduction was found in risk, severity, and deaths due to RDS. An increased incidence of infection in mothers treated with steroid was evident, particularly after premature rupture of membranes. We conclude that steroids are effective in reducing risk of RDS, but safer and more efficacious approaches for the prevention of RDS should be sought.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1977

The atrial septal defect-patent ductus arteriosus complex.

Both atrial septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus are common isolated lesions, each accounting for approximately 10% of the total incidence of congenital heart diseases. Yet, the combination of these defects, without other significant cardiac lesions, is infrequent. We review the clinical and pathologic data on 16 patients with this combination of defects, including cardiac catheterization data on eight patients. In patients with this combination, we found an unusually high incidence of severe pulmonary hypertension, multiple noncardiac anomalies, mental retardation, and early mortality.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗