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Biomedical subjects

E Libson

Publications and source records attributed to E Libson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Clinical studies of liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin.

Initial clinical studies with doxorubicin entrapped in the bilayer of phosphatidylglycerol-rich liposomes were hindered by the avid reticuloendothelial system (RES) uptake and by drug leakage from circulating liposomes. In contrast, recent tests of a doxorubicin formulation of polyethyleneglycol-coated liposomes (Doxil) in cancer patients indicate that the drug pharmacokinetic properties are significantly altered, with a prolonged distribution half-life of approximately 2 days. Plasma fractionation studies show that nearly all the drug measured in plasma is in liposome-encapsulated form. The dose of Doxil has been escalated from 25 to 60 mg/m2. Stomatitis is the most significant toxicity, and skin toxicity, in the form of hand-foot syndrome, may complicate the repeated administration of Doxil. A number of objective antitumor responses in a variety of malignancies have been observed, indicating that Doxil is an active antitumor compound. Polyethyleneglycol-coated liposomes show a distinct advantage over previous liposome formulations directed at the RES and appear to be a promising drug delivery system for doxorubicin.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Gastric stump lymphoma.

Lymphoma occurring in the post-operative stomach would appear to be very rare with only five previously recorded cases. In three of these, focal lymphoid hyperplasia or pseudolymphoma had been found at the time of the original ulcer surgery, or at subsequent biopsies of the gastric stump or anastomotic sites. These latter three cases developed lymphoma within 11 years of the ulcer surgery as against the 20 years or longer generally found in cases of gastric stump carcinoma. Two cases presenting with gastric stump lymphoma approximately 20 years after Billroth 2 partial gastrectomy are reported. In neither of these two cases, nor in the other two patients previously recorded with post-operative gastric lymphoma 20 or more years following gastric surgery, was luminal focal lymphoid hyperplasia reported at the time of the original gastric surgery. It is postulated that these two small groups may have developed lymphoma due to differing malignant stimuli.

Gastrectomy↗
PubMed1993

Pulmonary calcinosis following orthotopic liver transplantation.

Pulmonary opacities following orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) are frequent due to pneumonia, infarction, or pulmonary edema. Metastatic pulmonary calcifications are present as persistent opacities that may mimic these conditions. In a series of 91 patients who underwent OLT, chest radiographs of 77 were reviewed and pulmonary calcinosis was seen in 4 (5.2%). Pulmonary calcinosis may be due to a variety of conditions, including dystrophic calcification in damaged lung and primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism. In this series, patients with pulmonary calcinosis had significantly higher levels of serum phosphate and calcium postoperatively and had received more intraoperative platelets and other blood products containing exogenous calcium than other patients. Pulmonary calcinosis should be considered in patients following OLT when stable, nonspecific pulmonary opacities are present. CT or radionuclide studies will aid in confirming this diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Breast metastases to bones of the extremities: simultaneous involvement of all four limbs.

Metastases to bones of the hands and feet are unusual, and simultaneous metastases to the bones of more than one extremity in a given patient is an extremely rare occurrence with only five previous case reports. In each of these cases the bones of two extremities were affected. A case is presented where the bones of both hands and both feet exhibited bone metastases. A second case with foot bone metastases is recorded. In both cases the primary tumour was a breast carcinoma. Theories of causation of such metastases are discussed.

Arm↗
PubMed1991

Fat necrosis below musculocutaneous flap mimicking carcinoma of breast.

The increasing rate of breast reconstruction after modified radical mastectomy has led to the adoption of several techniques including transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap. Although the method creates a life-like breast both in texture and appearance, among other complications resulting from this operation, fat necrosis mimicking carcinoma on mammography clearly is common. We focus on the case history of 1 patient and detail our findings.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

Localized primary sclerosing cholangitis mimicking a cholecystectomy stricture relieved by an endoprosthesis.

Primary sclerosing cholangitis presenting as a localized stricture affecting a segment of the extrahepatic biliary tree is rarely found. We describe the case of a 39 year old woman with obstructive jaundice, in whom this diagnosis was proven by endoscopic retrograde cholangiography. An endoprosthesis was endoscopically introduced through the stenotic area which led to a dramatic improvement enabling a successful liver transplantation after 2 years.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The psoas sign in normal subjects without bowel preparation: the influence of scoliosis on visualisation.

The lumbar spine films of 1494 subjects who were examined for low back pain or prior to job placement were studied to assess psoas muscle visualisation. The study group were almost all aged 18-39 years. None of the subjects had prior bowel preparation for a contrast examination. In the subjects without scoliosis only 36% had well seen psoas shadows on both sides. Taking the psoas shadows separately, 72% of left psoas shadows were well seen, while only 40% were seen on the right side. In the scoliotic group, the psoas shadow was seen bilaterally in 30% of subjects while in another 50% the muscle was seen only on the convex side of the curve. In no case was it seen only on the concave side. The direction of the curve to left or right did not influence visualisation. Thus in 80% of subjects with scoliosis of 5 degrees or more, the psoas was seen on the convex side, while in only 30% was it seen on the concave side.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Treatment of fistulas of the biliary tract by endoscopic insertion of endoprostheses.

Five patients with fistulas of the biliary tract are reported; three had fistulas caused by operative injury and two, by accidental blunt abdominal trauma. All patients were treated successfully by endoscopic transpapillary insertion of biliary endoprostheses. The endoprostheses were removed after four to 17 weeks in all patients, and no evidence of biliary leakage was revealed by repeat cholangiograms and other clinical follow-up study. This effective, simple and safe method allows the fistula to heal and is a good alternative to surgical treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Gastrointestinal manifestations in Castleman's disease.

Castleman's disease is a relatively rare disorder of lymphoid tissue. The disease is considered benign in its localized form, but severe in the multicentric type. Gastrointestinal manifestations were occasionally described. We herein report four patients with histologically proved Castleman's disease in whom various and different clinical and pathological manifestations were found in the gastrointestinal tract, correlated with the primary disease. We believe that the digestive tract may be secondarily involved in Castleman's disease and, in some cases, gives the first manifestation of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The ultrasound spectrum of emphysematous cholecystitis.

This report presents a gamut of ultrasound signs that may be seen in emphysematous cholecystitis. These can be summarized as follows: Intraluminal gas: (a) A dense band of hyper-reflective echoes with distal reverberations when gallbladder is full of gas. (b) A band of reverberations in the gas-filled portion of the gallbladder with the usual signs of cholecystitis in the bile-filled portion when the gallbladder is partially full of gas. Intramural gas: (c) An area of high reflectivity in the gallbladder wall with reverberations that may change position with change in position of patient. (d) A bright hyper-reflective ring emanating from the whole circumference of the gallbladder.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Plasmacytoma of the breast. Unusual initial presentation of myeloma: report of two cases and review of the literature.

Two patients who presented initially with breast masses proven to be plasmacytomas, are described. In both cases the breast masses led to the diagnosis of multiple myeloma, which was retrospectively already present at the time of the breast biopsy. One patient with IgG lambda-type myeloma developed plasma cell leukemia and amyloidosis and failed to respond to radiochemotherapy. The second patient was in complete remission, four years after therapy, but has subsequently relapsed and died. All cases of breast plasmacytoma, described in the medical literatures are reviewed, and guidelines for future therapy are suggested.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Small bowel phytobezoars: detection with radiography.

The authors reviewed the radiographic findings in 19 patients with phytobezoars of the small bowel. The most common predisposing causes were previous gastric outlet surgery and persimmon ingestion. Twelve patients underwent contrast material-enhanced studies of the upper gastrointestinal tract, and one patient underwent a barium enema study. These examinations revealed four gastric, two duodenal, and eight small bowel phytobezoars in 10 patients. The obstruction caused by small bowel phytobezoars frequently occurred in the jejunum or proximal ileum, more proximally than has been reported in previous series. Barium studies are useful in differentiating obstruction due to postoperative adhesions from obstruction caused by bezoars. In addition, barium studies enable the detection of residual gastric bezoars. This information has important implications in patient treatment because bezoar obstruction is unlikely to respond to conservative treatment, and concurrent gastric bezoars must be removed to prevent recurrent bowel obstruction.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1989

Diffuse intramural esophageal pseudodiverticulosis.

Diffuse intramural pseudodiverticulosis of the esophagus is a rare cause of dysphagia. A 19-year-old patient with a long history of recurrent episodes of food impaction was diagnosed with diffuse intramural pseudodiverticulosis. The clue to diagnosis is a critical and thorough review of the barium swallow. Treatment is aimed toward dilatation of strictures and treatment of inflammation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction due to extracardiac tumors. A report of three cases diagnosed and followed up by echocardiographic studies.

Echocardiography has become a valuable diagnostic tool in various clinical conditions. Its use for the detection of extracardiac tumors has seldom been reported. The majority of these descriptions are of single case reports. We have recently encountered three patients (two with lymphomas and one with seminoma) who presented with signs and symptoms suggestive of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction. Two-dimensional echocardiography enabled the prompt diagnosis of extracardiac tumors compressing the heart. Moreover, echocardiography proved to be an excellent noninvasive tool for assessing the success of therapy for mediastinal tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The tooth-root sign: a characteristic appearance of distal ureteric calculi.

Diagnostic accuracy in identifying calculi in patients with ureteric colic is poor. Lower ureteric calculi may be confused with other pelvic calcific opacities. A characteristic appearance of some larger lower ureteric calculi is described and likened to the root of a tooth. It is hoped that the tooth-root sign will be of assistance in the diagnosis of distal ureteric stones.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Giant duodenal ulcer: the hepatic intra-arterial chemotherapy variant.

Giant duodenal ulcers are extensive ulcers, more than 2.5 cm in diameter, that involve a large portion of the duodenal bulb. These atypical duodenal ulcers create serious problems to the patient and the physician, are frequently complicated by bleeding and penetration, and have a high mortality rate. Most of the reported cases were classified as a severe variant of the common peptic ulcer disease, others were associated with the Zollinger Ellison syndrome. We report here four patients with giant duodenal ulcers but with a different and definitive aetiology: hepatic intra-arterial chemotherapy infusion for liver metastase or primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

Adult↗