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Biomedical subjects

E M Boyer

Publications and source records attributed to E M Boyer.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Examination services provided by dental hygienists.

The information presented in this paper was obtained as part of an ongoing longitudinal study of 1982 dental hygiene graduates. This paper presents information contracted by the American Dental Hygienists' Association and includes information on examination services provided to new and recall, child and adult dental hygiene patients by dental hygienists. Mail questionnaires were sent to a cohort of 1,008 dental hygienists who graduated in 1982. Data presented here were collected in September 1986. Surveys were returned from 766 subjects, 77% of those with valid addresses. Of the respondents, 455 were working in traditional clinical dental hygiene positions and provided information on patient examination services. The frequencies reported for the 15 examination services investigated by the dental hygienists varied for child and adult patients and for new and recall patients. Visual gingival examination was the most frequently provided service. In conclusion, dental hygienists need to incorporate additional patient examination services into their diagnostic workups to ensure adequate patient care and to provide adequate information to evaluate their dental hygiene care.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Job satisfaction among dental hygienists.

This paper presents definitions of job satisfaction from organizational theory, and a review of the dental hygiene literature on job satisfaction. Most studies of dental hygienists have used one or two global measures of satisfaction. Very few studies have used dimensional measures of satisfaction; and those that have, have not used identical measures. The studies--which measured satisfaction in a variety of ways and quantified dental hygienists' satisfaction in terms of percent satisfied--established that between 70% and 99% of dental hygienists are satisfied with their jobs.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The economics of dental hygiene work in traditional and nontraditional settings.

The information presented in this paper was obtained as part of an ongoing longitudinal study of 1982 dental hygiene graduates. This portion of the study was contracted by the American Dental Hygienists' Association and provides information about method and amount of remuneration, fringe benefits, pay increases, and amount of money generated from dental hygienists' services. Data presented here were collected at two points in time: September 1985 and September 1986. The September 1985 survey was returned by 850 dental hygienists (83%) and the September 1986 survey was completed by 766 subjects (77%). Data were analyzed for clinical dental hygienists working in traditional and nontraditional settings. Results showed that most dental hygienists were salaried (80% traditional, 100% nontraditional) with a 1985 mean annual income of $19,160 for traditional and $17,197 for nontraditional hygienists. The mean daily wage in 1986 was $106.27 for traditional and $85.12 for nontraditional hygienists. Nontraditional hygienists were more likely to have received a pay increase in the previous six months and to receive fringe benefits than were traditional hygienists. Wages earned and money generated from dental hygiene services varied greatly. On the average, hygienists' wages constituted about one-third of the fees their services generated.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Dental hygiene licensure specifications on pain control procedures.

State boards of dentistry of the 51 licensure jurisdictions and 51 constituent hygiene presidents were sent identical surveys to obtain current information about dental hygiene licensure specifications for nitrous oxide analgesia, and infiltration, block, and topical anesthesia. The response rate was 72% (N = 37) from boards and 90% (N = 46) from constituent presidents. Results showed that western states are more likely to allow delegation of pain control functions. Of the four functions, topical anesthesia is the most and nitrous oxide analgesia is the least delegated. Most states that allow delegation of pain control procedures did so in the 1970s and 1980s. A majority of states where pain control functions are legal specify direct or indirect supervision and certification through board-approved courses. Percentages of hygienists certified in functions ranged from a low of 0% to a high of 100%. Boards and presidents agreed closely on functions allowed, certification requirements, and year of legalization. Agreement was lower on the type of supervision required for all procedures except nitrous oxide analgesia. No reports of patient reactions to or formal complaints about pain control procedures provided by hygienists were known to state boards or constituent presidents.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1990

Methods of charging and the fees charged for dental hygiene services in traditional and nontraditional settings.

The information presented in this paper was obtained as part of an ongoing longitudinal study of 1982 dental hygiene graduates. This portion of the study was contracted by the American Dental Hygienists' Association and investigated the methods of charging for dental hygiene services and the fees charged for these services. In September 1986, mail questionnaires were sent to a cohort of 1,008 dental hygienists who graduated in 1982. Responses were received from 766 subjects--a 76% response rate overall and a 77% response rate from subjects with valid addresses and who had received the questionnaires. Data were analyzed for clinical dental hygienists in traditional and nontraditional settings. Results showed that the methods of charging for services and the fees charged were similar in both settings. Although most hygienists provided many services, only one fee for these services was charged in most settings. The mean prophylaxis fee for child patients at traditional settings was $23.52, and $23.38 at nontraditional settings. The mean prophylaxis fee for adult patients at traditional settings was $31.23, and $32.61 at nontraditional settings.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The roles of other dental personnel in the patient care provided by dental hygienists in traditional and nontraditional settings.

The information presented in this paper was obtained as part of an ongoing longitudinal study of 1982 dental hygiene graduates. This portion of the study was contracted by the American Dental Hygienists' Association and investigated the roles of personnel other than the dental hygienist in dental hygiene patient care by collecting data on (1) the numbers of personnel by personnel category, (2) the activities that other personnel provide to assist the hygienist in providing care, (3) the frequency at which the dentist evaluates the hygienist's work and (4) the frequency at which the dentist examines the hygienist's patients. In September 1986, mail questionnaires were sent to a cohort of 1,008 dental hygienists who graduated in 1982. Responses were received from 766 subjects--a 76% response rate overall and 77% response rate from subjects with valid addresses. Data were analyzed for clinical dental hygienists working in traditional and nontraditional settings. The median numbers of personnel were similar in both traditional and nontraditional settings; however, the means and standard deviations were larger for nontraditional settings. The most common forms of assistance provided by other personnel were billing and scheduling patients; a greater percentage of hygienists in traditional settings had this type of help. Hygienists were more likely to report that dentists examined their patients rather than evaluated the hygienists' work, and hygienists in nontraditional settings reported less dentist involvement with dental hygiene patient care than did hygienists in traditional settings.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Classroom teachers' perceived role in dental health education.

This investigation utilized mail questionnaires to determine public school teachers' perceived adequacy to teach six dental health topics and responsbility for dental health in the classroom. The majority of public school teachers surveyed in Iowa City and surrounding communities felt adequate to teach dental health topics with two major exceptions: increasing proficiency in brushing and flossing, and understanding the processes and reasons for periodontal disease. More importantly, this study indicates that many teachers do not consider dental health activities to be responsibilities of the public school teacher.

Attitude↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dentist involvement in care provided by the dental hygienist.

This study investigated a nationwide sample of dental hygienists to determine the extent of dentist involvement during the patient's appointment with the dental hygienist. The American Dental Hygienists' Association identified the need for additional study of dentist involvement and contracted for data to be obtained as part of the ongoing longitudinal study of 1982 dental hygiene graduates. Mail questionnaires were sent to a nationwide cohort of 1,008 dental hygienists who graduated in 1982. Responses were received from 812 subjects, an 83% response rate from subjects with valid addresses. Data indicated that, on the average, the dentist spends 10 minutes with the dental hygienist's patient at the end of the dental hygiene appointment. This time is divided almost equally among talking with the patient, performing an oral examination, and discussing diagnosis and treatment needs.

Adult↗