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Biomedical subjects

E M Farrell

Publications and source records attributed to E M Farrell.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in maternal serum throughout gestation and in the puerperium: effects of a pregnancy-associated serum protease activity.

The cDNAs encoding three major insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs) have been cloned and sequenced. We have examined, by Western ligand blotting, the profiles of these binding proteins in human female serum in the normal menstrual cycle, throughout pregnancy, and during the postpartum period. There was no change in the serum profile of any of the binding proteins in early pregnancy compared to that in the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle. However, there was a marked decrease in circulating levels of the main serum IGFBP, IGFBP-3, after 6 weeks of gestation, continuing progressively to term and returning to nonpregnant levels by 5 days postpartum. IGFBP-2 decreased steadily throughout gestation. In contrast, IGFBP-1 levels were found to rise by the second trimester. Endoglycosidase-F digestion did not enhance detection of IGFBP-3 by ligand blotting. Immunoprecipitations with two separate antibodies against IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-2, followed by Western ligand blotting, confirmed the marked decrease in IGFBP-3 levels after 6 weeks of gestation and the more gradual decrease in IGFBP-2. In contrast, immunoprecipitations with IGFBP-1 monoclonal antibodies confirmed the increase in IGFBP-1 during gestation. Endogenous serum IGFs were separated from serum IGFBPs by acid chromatography, and an 80% decrease in total IGF-binding activity in the IGFBP fraction of chromatographed pregnancy vs. nonpregnancy serum was detected by charcoal absorption assay. Furthermore, immunoprecipitations of IGF affinity cross-linked IGFBP fractions with IGFBP-3-specific antiserum confirmed a marked diminution of IGFBP-3 in pregnancy compared to nonpregnancy serum, and revealed, only in pregnancy serum, the concomitant appearance of a band with a mol wt of 34K and three less intense bands with mol wt between 20-26K on sodium dodecyl sulfate gels. Incubation of nonpregnancy serum with 6-week pregnancy serum at 37 C for 5 h, followed by Western ligand blotting, showed only a slight reduction in the amount of IGFBP-3 in the mixture compared to that in controls. However, incubation of term pregnancy with nonpregnancy serum at 37 C for 5 h revealed a marked reduction of IGFBP-3 in the mixture. When iodinated recombinant IGFBP-3 was incubated with term pregnancy serum under the same conditions, the appearance of a 29K protein was identified by gel electrophoresis and autoradiography, along with three less intense bands with mol wt between 17-22K.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Identification of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and IGFBP-2 in human follicular fluid.

Two major insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3, were identified by Western ligand blotting of human follicular fluid (FF) aspirated from luteinizing follicles during ovarian stimulation with human menopausal gonadotropin (LH and FSH). IGFBP-1 was also present in FF, and an IGFBP with a mol wt of 24000 daltons, present in serum, appeared to be absent in FF. Identification of IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, and IGFBP-3 was confirmed using IGFBP-specific antisera. IGF-I and IGF-II levels were measured in patient serum and FF at the time of oocyte harvest, and serum levels of both peptides were consistently higher than FF levels. The finding of three major serum IGFBPs in human FF suggests that IGF regulation in the ovary is probably under complex control by this set of regulatory BPs.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1979

Low-energy direct defibrillation of the human heart.

A direct cardiac defibrillation study in 30 patients who underwent heart operations with cardiopulmonary bypass and moderate systemic hypothermia is presented. No patient required more than 10 watt-seconds of energy for defibrillation, and, in 21 of them, 5 watt-seconds or less were sufficient.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Postpartum thrombophlebitis of the ovarian vein.

Puerperal pelvic thrombophlebitis is most commonly found in the ovarian veins. It may be diagnosed by laparotomy, but it should be suspected clinically when symptoms develop two to five days after delivery. If medical treatment with antibiotics, anticoagulants, and bed rest is unsuccessful, surgical intervention with ligation or removal of ovarian veins may be necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Primary liver amyloidosis producing obstructive jaundice.

Liver amyloidosis is very rare but is relatively common within the group of amyloid diseases. Jaundice seldom accompanies this condition. Since the results of liver tests are often abnormal, liver amyloidosis cannot be diagnosed by symptoms alone. Diagnosis is provided only by liver or rectal biopsy. We have described an elderly woman with vague digestive symptoms for several months and jaundice for two weeks before hospitalization, and in whom exploratory laparotomy showed amyloidosis causing obstructive jaundice.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Simultaneous bilateral aspiration of foreign bodies.

Aspiration of foreign bodies into the bronchial lumen continues to be a potential hazard especially in children. Bronchiectasis, lung abscesses, emphysema, or pleuropulmonary fistula may develop if untreated. The treatment of choice is extraction by bronchoscopy under general anesthesia. Our patient simultaneously aspirated two squirrel vertebrae, neither of which produced obstruction. The patient's symptoms were due mainly to the partial obstruction secondary to the formation of granulation tissue. One aspirated vertebra was extracted during the diagnostic fiberoptic bronchoscopy, but a rigid Jackson bronchoscope was necessary to remove the other foreign body. The patient has since been asymptomatic.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Severe tracheal stenosis after brief endotracheal intubation.

The most serious complication of endotracheal intubation is ischemic mucosal necrosis and subsequent stenosis caused by excessive cuff pressure. An instance of tracheal stenosis occurring after only 72 hours of intubation is presented. Resection of the stenotic segment with primary end-to-end anastomosis was curative. There has been no recurrence after six months.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vaginal adenocarcinoma in a gravida with prenatal DES exposure.

The article presents a case of a young pregnant woman with vaginal carcinoma who had been exposed to diethylstilbestrol (DES) in utero. Surgical excision of the lesion was attempted but failed. Interstitial irradiation was then applied and proved successful. The patient's infant, as well as two subsequent children, were delivered by cesarean section after normal pregnancies. There was no evidence of metastatic disease or recurrence in 11 1/2 years following the initial diagnosis. Since 1965, a rising incidence of vaginal adenocarcinoma in women who were exposed to (DES) in utero has been reported. These women should be examined regularly after menarche for prompt evaluation and treatment of precancerous lesions such as adenosis, cervical erosion or transverse ridges. Since most of these patients are young, a conservative treatment is recommended. Extensive surgery and pelvic irradiation is indicated, however, in the cases of widespread disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pulmonary resections with staplers.

The use of mechanical stapling devices for closure of the bronchus, pulmonary arteries and veins and lung parenchyma in twenty-six consecutive patients undergoing various types of pulmonary resection is presented. There have been no complications.

Adult↗