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Biomedical subjects

E M Khan

Publications and source records attributed to E M Khan.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease: a frequently missed diagnosis.

Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID) is a poorly recognized cause of malabsorption syndrome in India. Clinicopathological features of five patients with IPSID seen over a two-year period are described. Our data suggest that IPSID is commonly misdiagnosed as intestinal tuberculosis due to lack of awareness and reluctance to obtain small bowel biopsies. Empirical institution of anti-tubercular chemotherapy not only leads to delayed diagnosis but also possibly alters the natural history of the disease, resulting in an intermediate phase of amelioration followed by a terminal phase of lymphomatous transformation. The disease is therefore usually diagnosed at an advanced stage and hence is associated with a relatively poor outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Reconstitution of the water-oxidizing complex in manganese-depleted photosystem II complexes by using synthetic binuclear manganese complexes.

The efficiency of synthetic binuclear manganese complexes in reconstituting PS II electron flow and oxygen-evolution capacity was analyzed in PS II enriched preparations deprived of their manganese and of the extrinsic regulatory subunits. Measurements of the variable fluorescence induced by actinic illumination with continuous light led to the following results: (a) the synthetic binuclear complexes are more efficient than MnCl2 in establishing a PS II electron flow; (b) an almost complete restoration is achieved at concentrations of these complexes that correspond with an overall stoichiometry of two manganese per PS II; and (c) the electron flow restored by the binuclear manganese complexes closely resembles that of normal O2-evolving PS II preparations in its resistance to addition of 50 microM EDTA, while that supported by MnCl2 is practically completely suppressed at the same chelator concentration. The rate of O2 evolution was used as a measure of the capability to function as manganese source in reconstitution of the oxygen evolution capacity. It was found that (i) as in the case of PS II electron transport, the synthetic binuclear manganese complexes are significantly more efficient than MnCl2; (ii) with respect to the manganese concentration, the maximum effect is achieved with a mu-oxo bridged binuclear Mn(III) complex (symbolized by M-3) at concentrations corresponding to four manganese per PS II; and (iii) at all concentrations of binuclear manganese complex M-3 a significantly higher restoration of the O2 evolution rate is achieved if the reconstitution assay contains in addition the extrinsic regulatory 33 kDa protein (PS II-O protein).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Chlorides↗
PubMed1994

Gliosarcomas: pathological spectrum.

Pathological spectrum as seen in sixteen cases of gliosarcomas out of 81 cases of glioblastomas is described. Temporal lobe involvement (37.5%) and fibrosarcomatous pattern (62.5%) were found to be most frequent. Osteochondromatous element was found in recurrence of one gliosarcoma. Minimal criteria for diagnosis, pitfalls in diagnosis, differential diagnosis and histogenesis of gliosarcoma are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Pedunculated hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the commonest malignant tumor of the liver. Pedunculated HCC, however, is rarely observed. A pre-operative diagnosis before the advent of current imaging modalities was often difficult. A patient of pedunculated HCC presenting as a mobile abdominal lump, managed successfully by surgery, is reported herein.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1993

Intracranial tuberculomas: MRI signal intensity correlation with histopathology and localised proton spectroscopy.

In seven cases of intracranial tuberculomas showing different signal intensities on MRI (five characteristic and two nonspecific), detailed histopathological examination was performed to look for number of macrophages, fibrosis, gliosis, degree of inflammatory cellular infiltrate, and type of caseation. The granulomas showing more macrophages, fibrosis and gliosis appeared hypointense on T2-weighted images. Tuberculomas showing minimal macrophages, marked cellular infiltration, and minimal fibrosis appeared hyperintense on T2-weighted images. Lesions showing similar signal intensity on T2-weighted images showed variation in the amount of macrophages, cellular infiltrates, maturity and fibrosis. Trace element estimation was done (iron, copper, and magnesium) in two of these lesions appearing hypointense on T2 and two normal brain samples; these were significantly lower in tuberculoma compared to normal brain tissue. Localised proton spectroscopy was performed in two hypointense lesions which showed marked increase in peaks in the region of mobile lipids (1.28 ppm) compared to normal brain parenchyma. It is concluded that the signal intensity of the lesions is dependent on the number of macrophages, fibrosis and cellular infiltrates. In addition increased lipid contents in the tuberculoma also contribute to the hypointensity on T2-weighted images.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Tuberculosis of the thyroid gland: a clinicopathological profile of four cases and review of the literature.

Four cases of tuberculosis of the thyroid with different presentations including chronic sinus (following drainage of thyroid abscess), thyrotoxicosis, severe dysphagia clinically mimicking malignancy and euthyroid multinodular goitre are described. Except in the case presenting with chronic sinus (discharging acid-fast bacilli), the diagnosis was a pathological surprise (cytopathology in one and histopathology in two). Only in one case was there evidence of disease outside the cervical region. All cases showed multiple coalescing and caseating epitheloid cell granulomas along with giant cells, which are considered as diagnostic of tuberculous thyroiditis even if acid fast bacilli cannot be demonstrated. The literature is reviewed and the pathogenesis discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Histological and mucin secretion patterns in solitary rectal ulcer syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: Histological and mucin secretion patterns were studied in 32 cases of solitary rectal ulcer syndrome. METHODS: Biopsy sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome and alcian blue with PAS at pH 1.0 and pH 2.5 were examined. RESULTS: Fibrosis and smooth muscle extension in lamina propria and hypertrophy of muscularis mucosa were the most frequent histological findings. Sialomucin was present in all cases, in contrast to sulphomucin which is normally present. CONCLUSION: Mucin staining pattern appears to be a helpful diagnostic marker of solitary rectal ulcer syndrome and may be helpful in differentiating it from other non-malignant conditions.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Overlap between Majewski and hydrolethalus syndromes: a report of two cases.

We present 2 unrelated fetuses with manifestations of both the hydrolethalus syndrome and the short rib-polydactyly syndrome, type Majewski. It is proposed that cases of hydrolethalus syndrome with short limbs constitute a separate type of lethal osteochondrodysplasia mimicking short rib-polydactyly syndromes.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Explosive Campylobacter jejuni diarrhea in immunoproliferative small intestinal disease.

Campylobacter jejuni is an infrequent cause of self limiting acute diarrheal disease in adults in the Indian subcontinent. We report the occurrence of a life threatening diarrhea due to C jejuni infection in a patient with immunoproliferative small intestinal disease. We postulate that immunosuppression due to malignancy, malnutrition and cancer chemotherapy was responsible for the unusually severe diarrhea.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Endoscopic ultrasonographic evaluation of the rectum in cirrhotic portal hypertension.

Rectal endoscopic ultrasonography was performed using an ultrasound fiberscope in 20 patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension (6 alcoholic patients, 4 patients with hepatitis B surface antigen positive, and 10 cryptogenic patients) and in 10 patients with irritable bowel syndrome as controls. Rectal varices were diagnosed endoscopically when either tortuous or saccular distended veins were seen beneath the mucosa. At rectal endoscopic ultrasonography rectal varices were seen as rounded or oval echo-free structures in the submucosa. Rectal endoscopic ultrasonography also showed perirectal veins outside the rectal wall. Rectal varices were detected by endoscopy in 9 patients and by rectal endoscopic ultrasonography in 17 patients. Rectal endoscopic ultrasonography also detected submucosal veins in 3 of 10 controls. The number and size of submucosal veins seen on rectal endoscopic ultrasonography in patients with portal hypertension were greater than in controls (p < 0.01 for both number and size). The size of perirectal veins was greater in patients than in controls (p < 0.05), although their number was no different (p = NS). A perforating vein communicating between a submucosal and perirectal vein was seen in only one patient. Rectal wall thickness was not different in patients and controls (p = NS). Rectal endoscopic ultrasonography was superior to endoscopy in detecting the presence (85% versus 45%, p < 0.01), and number (p < 0.01) of rectal varices. Our study suggests that rectal endoscopic ultrasonography is useful in detecting changes in rectal and perirectal vasculature in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Association of lymphocytic (microscopic) colitis with tropical sprue.

Lymphocytic (microscopic) colitis is a disease of unknown aetiology which manifests as long-standing intermittent diarrhoea. Diagnosis is confirmed on histological examination of the colon. An association of this uncommon disease with tropical sprue is described. Tetracycline therapy resulted in a favourable clinical response.

Biopsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Differential diagnosis of fine needle aspiration smears of thyroid nodules. Cytologic features and AgNORs.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the value of cytomorphologic features and argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions in fine needle aspiration smears of thyroid nodules. STUDY DESIGN: Cytomorphologic features were analyzed for frequency and predictive value in smears of 60 histologically confirmed cases of thyroid nodules, comprising 16 cases of papillary carcinoma, 19 of follicular adenoma, 5 of follicular carcinoma, 3 or medullary carcinoma and 17 of adenomatous goiter. The smears were also stained for AgNORs to compare AgNOR counts in these lesions. RESULTS: Intact follicles and abundant background colloid were useful for the diagnosis of adenomatous goiter; metaplastic cells, nuclear grooves and multinucleate giant cells predicted the diagnosis of papillary carcinoma; and acinar formations were important in the diagnosis of follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma. AgNOR counts showed major overlaps among the various groups, although the mean counts in neoplastic lesions were slightly higher than those in adenomatous goiter CONCLUSION: AgNOR counts failed to have any significant diagnostic utility, and the fine needle aspiration cytology diagnosis of thyroid nodules must still be based on a combination of cytologic features.

Antigens, Nuclear↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration cytology of the spleen in visceral leishmaniasis.

We describe the fine needle aspiration cytologic study of 210 splenic aspirates from patients clinically diagnosed as having visceral leishmaniasis. Of these, 147 aspirates were found to be positive for Leishmania donovani bodies. We highlighted the cytomorphology of these positive smears. A majority of the cases showed an increase in the number and size of reticuloendothelial cells, with altered shapes, variations in the cytoplasm and decreased white pulp elements. In some of these cases (10%), immature erythroid cells were also found.

Biopsy, Needle↗