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Biomedical subjects

E M Koch

Publications and source records attributed to E M Koch.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Protective effects of ranitidine in ibuprofen gastroduodenopathy. An endoscopic controlled double blind study].

Protective Effect of Ranitidine in Ibuprofen Gastroduodenopathy/An endoscopically controlled double-blind study in healthy volunteers. In a randomized parallel double-blind study the gastroduodenal effects of 600 mg ibuprofen racemate (CAS 15687-27-1) tid in the presence of 150 mg ranitidine (CAS 66357-35-5, Sostril) bid or placebo was evaluated in 32 healthy volunteers undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Drugs were taken during a period of 7 days. Endoscopic controls were performed at entry and repeated after 7 days of treatment. A damaging score was used to asses the lesions. At entry both groups showed comparable mucosal damages. The median values under ibuprofen/placebo were 1 (range 0-1) and under ibuprofen/ranitidine 1 (range 0-2). After 7 days of treatment the median lesions score increased under ibuprofen/placebo to 8 (range 1-20) whereas corresponding values in the ibuprofen/ranitidine group were constant at 1 (range 1-9). The differences between both groups were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Our data underline the protective effect of ranitidine 150 mg bid against ibuprofen both on the stomach as well as on the duodenum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Circadian dependency of ibuprofen gastropathy and the protective effect of ranitidine. An endoscopic, controlled double-blind pilot study].

Circadian Dependency of Ibuprofen Gastropathy and Protective Effect of Ranitidine/An endoscopic, controlled double-blind pilot study. In a randomized parallel double-blind study, the gastric and duodenal effects of 600 mg S(+)-ibuprofen (CAS 15687-27-1) daily in the presence and absence of 300 mg ranitidine (CAS 66357-35-5) was evaluated in 20 healthy volunteers undergoing upper GI-endoscopy. Drugs were taken over a period of 7 days either at 8 a.m. (n = 10) or at 8 p.m. (n = 10). Endoscopic controls were performed at entry and repeated after 7 days of treatment. A damage score according to Lanza et al. was used. At entry both groups showed comparable mucosal damages. 8 a.m.-group: ibuprofen/placebo (stomach) 0.9 +/- 0.1 and 0.0 +/- 0.0 (duodenum); ibuprofen/ranitidine 0.8 +/- 0.1 (stomach) and 0.1 +/- 0.1 (duodenum). 8 p.m.-group: ibuprofen/placebo 0.9 +/- 0.1 (stomach) and 0.2 +/- 0.1 (duodenum); ibuprofen/ranitidine 0.9 +/- 0.1 (stomach) and 0.1 +/- 0.1 (duodenum). After 7 days of treatment the lesion score increased in the ibuprofen/placebo-group in the 8 a.m.-group to 3.2 +/- 1.2 (stomach) and to 0.7 +/- 0.5 (duodenum), and in the 8 p.m.-group to 8.4 +/- 1.9 (stomach) and to 2.9 +/- 1.2 (duodenum). The corresponding values in the ibuprofen/ranitidine-group were 1.8 +/- 0.8 (stomach) and 0.1 +/- 0.1 (duodenum) (8 a.m.-group) as well as 5.1 +/- 1.4 (stomach) and 0.1 +/- 0.1 (duodenum) (8 p.m.-group). The difference between the morning and the evening dose of ibuprofen as well as ranitidine protection reached statistical significance when the corresponding data were pooled (p < 0.05). Our data suggest that the gastrolesive effects of S(+)-ibuprofen are dependent of the time of drug ingestion; protection by ranitidine, however, was time-independent.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Ranitidine in stomach ulcer. Controlled clinical trial of a comparison of administration after the evening meal or before bedtime].

In a randomized, double-blind comparative trial, 44 patients with gastric ulcer received one dose of ranitidine 300 mg following the evening meal (between 17.30 and 20.00 hours), and a placebo tablet just before retiring for the night (21.30 to 23.00 hours) (R-P group). In the comparative group, 43 patients received the same substances in the reverse order (P-R group). After four weeks' treatment, the endoscopic follow-up examinations revealed a 76% healing rate in the R-P group and a 63% healing rate in the P-R group. After six weeks, cumulative healing rates of 98% and 81%, respectively (p less than 0.05) were obtained, showing a better healing effect after early evening ingestion of ranitidine. The number of symptoms recorded at the start of treatment had, after four weeks of treatment, decreased considerably more following early-evening ingestion of ranitidine than after late-evening ingestion (p = 0.05). The results of this trial suggest that, in the treatment of gastric ulcers, the early-evening administration of ranitidine 300 mg is more effective than other modes of ingestion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Results of a double-blind study of diclofenac + vitamin B1, B6, B12 versus diclofenac in patients with acute pain of the lumbar vertebrae. A multicenter study].

Several clinical trials have shown that the duration of treatment of painful vertebral syndromes can be shortened by using a combination of vitamins B1, B6, B12 and diclofenac instead of diclofenac. In addition, a more efficient pain relief could be achieved by the combination therapy. In order to confirm these results, we compared the clinical efficacy of diclofenac (25 mg) and a combination preparation with diclofenac (25 mg) plus vitamins B1 (thiamine nitrate 50 mg), B6 (pyridoxine hydrochloride 50 mg) and B12 (cyanocobalamin 0.25 mg) in a multicentric randomized double-blind study including 418 patients. All patients received 3 x 2 capsules daily for a maximum of 2 weeks. In case of total pain relief, therapy should be discontinued after one week. Data of 376 patients could be evaluated. 53 out of 184 patients receiving the combination and 48 out of 192 patients treated with diclofenac alone could stop therapy due to sufficient pain relief after one week. The evaluation of the "Hoppe Pain Questionnaire" and the data concerning pain intensity also revealed better results for the combination preparation. The differences in favour of the B-vitamin-diclofenac-combination were statistically significant in patients with severe pain at the beginning of therapy. Considering undesirable side-effects (symptoms in 70 out of 418 patients) there were no significant differences between the two medications. This clinical trial provides further evidence that the combination therapy with diclofenac plus B-vitamins is more effective than diclofenac alone for the treatment of painful vertebral syndromes.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Results of a clinical and pharmacokinetic study of ceftazidime in patients with postoperative pneumonia on assisted ventilation.

Thirty-three patients who developed nosocomial pneumonia postoperatively were treated with ceftazidime, 4-6 g daily, over an average period of 7 days. Twenty-nine patients were evaluated; 13 (45%) patients were cured, five showed improvement, two relapsed, and one could not be assessed. X-rays of the chest showed no infiltrates in 17 out of the 29 cases (59%) after treatment. On the first day of treatment, ceftazidime concentrations in bronchial secretions of nine patients were estimated. The mean values of serum concentrations were: 15 min after infusion, 98 micrograms ml-1; 60 min, 63; 120 min, 44; 360 min, 20; 480 min, 13 micrograms ml-1. The mean values of the corresponding bronchial secretions were 2.9, 5.8, 10.2, 7.11 and 5.2 micrograms ml-1.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Comparative clinical trial of ceftazidime and imipenem/cilastatin in patients with severe nosocomial pneumonias and septicaemias.

The efficacy and safety of ceftazidime and imipenem in patients with severe infections was compared in a randomized multi-centre trial. Patients on assisted respiration with clinical signs of pneumonia or septicaemia who had been in hospital for at least 3 days were studied. Twenty-one patients were treated with ceftazidime, 24 with imipenem. The mean duration of treatment was 9 days in both groups. At the end of the trial 17 patients (81%) of the ceftazidime group and 16 patients (67%) in the imipenem group were clinically cured or showed marked improvement. The bacteriological results showed an eradication of the causative pathogens in 17 of 21 cases in the ceftazidime group and 13 of 19 in the imipenem group.

Ceftazidime↗
PubMed1990

[Early evening administration of ranitidine in therapy of duodenal ulcer].

In this randomized clinical study the effect of 300 mg ranitidine given either after an early evening meal (abt. 6 p.m.) (n = 136) or at bedtime (abt. 10 p.m.) (n = 145) was investigated in 279 patients with an acute duodenal ulcer (79 women, 200 men, age median 40 years). To provide a double blind design, patients of each therapy group were given a placebo tablet either at 10 p.m. or at 6 p.m. (double dummy technique). After 2 and 4 weeks of therapy, the healing rates for the early resp. late evening doses were 75.6% and 65.9% (p = 0.054) and 95.5% and 94.2%, respectively. The healing rates for patients with an ulcer diameter between 5 mm and 9.5 mm and with a case history of duodenal ulcer, however, were significantly higher for the early evening doses of 300 mg ranitidine (85 vs. 65%, p less than 0.01, and 75 vs. 60%, p less than 0.05). The study results indicate that an early (abt. 6 p.m.) as well as a late (abt. 10 p.m.) evening doses of 300 mg ranitidine have a comparable positive effect on the healing of an acute duodenal ulcer, with the early evening doses having advantages in special patient groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Follow-up examination of maxillary orthopedically treated patients from functional aspects].

In order to check the efficiency of orthodontic therapy a clinical examination and model analysis were done in patients in a two-year-interval. The individuals were a part of different longitudinal group --patients after treatment with removable appliances, --patients after premolar extraction, --control group. The results show that functional disturbances can be observed earlier and more frequently in patients after extraction therapy. With advancing years the difference of functional disturbances between the groups becomes smaller.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Comparative evaluation of the potencies of external corticoids with various test methods].

In order to classify the new topical preparations amcinonide cream and prednicarbate cream according to the order of potency laid down by the EEC commission, we performed a number of test series in healthy young persons. Betamethasone valerate cream, clobestasol propionate cream, flumethasone pivalate cream, hydrocortisone butyrate cream, and hydrocortisone cream were comparatively tested. In addition, we included a cream base without any active substances in every test series. By means of the vasoconstriction test we were able to establish the order of rank according to potency starting from clobetasol propionate to hydrocortisone. Thus amcinonide was classified as a very strong corticoid preparation, whereas prednicarbate turned out to be moderately strong. The differences in potency between clobetasol propionate and amcinonide on the one hand and prednicarbate, flumethasone pivalate and hydrocortisone on the other hand were definitely proved (p less than 0.01). Further comparative studies were conducted on the basis of the kerosene test, the sorbic acid test, the prick test with codeine, and the anthralin inflammatory test. Moreover, the preparations underwent the formic acid test. The rank orders displayed in the individual tests largely agreed with that obtained by the vasoconstriction test. The exact differences in potency, however, were not as easy to define with the inflammatory tests. Thus the vasoconstriction test must still be considered an excellent screening technique with regard to the selection of corticoid preparations. Subsequently, these preparations should be investigated by means of clinical tests according to their ascertained potencies.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1986

[Diurnal dependence of skin reactions in the administration of external substances].

In order to investigate the influence of the application time of the day on skin reactions, test persons were treated with various substances inducing experimental inflammation in human skin. Additional tests provided us with data regarding the antiinflammatory activity of topical glucocorticoids on the experimental inflammation as well as the vasoconstrictive activity dependent on the application time of the day. Although all tests showed great individual scattering ranges, statistical evaluation did not reveal any clear evidence for the supposition that pharmacological responses of the skin may be influenced by the hour of the topical application. Thus, it seems not likely that the success of topical treatment of toxic dermatitis by means of glucocorticoids depends on the hour of application.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Age-dependent differences in the pharmacodynamic effect of topically applied Corticosteroids].

The results of comparative studies with corticosteroid topicals on age-associated differences are presented. In each of the test series 10 to 14 subjects were included, either young adults aged 18-24 years or older adults aged 65-76 years. Tests on vasoconstriction were carried out with alcoholic solutions of amcinonide (the active principle of the dermatic Amciderm), betamethasone 17-valerate and triamcinolone acetonide. Comparative studies with ointments included clobetasol 17-propionate instead of triamcinolone acetonide. Additionally, the kerosene test was performed to evaluate the age-dependency of this non-allergic inflammatory response and also to compare the antiinflammatory activity of the corticosteroids due to the age differences. In the vasoconstriction tests higher potencies were determined in the younger than in the older test subjects. In the kerosene test significant differences could be shown between the age classes with a view to the reaction to the irritant as well as the suppressive activity of the corticosteroids. Since the individual variations in the older groups were greater than those in the younger groups, the differences between the steroids were less distinct in the former ones. In testing and in therapeutic administration of corticosteroid topicals age differences should be regarded in view of skin reaction.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1985

Selective protection of in vitro synthesized cDNA against nucleases by incorporation of phosphorothioate-analogues.

The conditions for the stepwise synthesis of single- (ss) and double-stranded (ds) cDNA using thio-analogues instead of dNTPs are described in this paper. RNA of paramyxovirus Sendai (strain 6/94) serves as template in these experiments. The increased resistance of this alpha S-modified cDNA against several nucleases, like S1-Nuclease, DNase I, Exonuclease III, snake venom Phosphodiesterase (PDE) and the combination of DNase I and PDE is demonstrated.

DNA↗
PubMed1985

[Testing the loss of efficacy (tachyphylaxis) during external steroid application].

The steroids fluprednylidene-21-acetate (FA) and betamethasone-17-valerate (BV) were tested in comparison to their inactive bases for loss of activity (tachyphylaxis) after 2 weeks of application. In the croton oil test, both steroids produced equal inhibition of the pustular inflammatory reaction. The vasoconstriction test after 14 days of use revealed a clear decrease in the blanching reaction - which was, however, not statistically significant in the case of BV.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1984

Lifelong persistence of paramyxovirus Sendai-6/94 in C129 mice: detection of a latent viral RNA by hybridization with a cloned genomic cDNA probe.

C129 mice infected intracerebrally with Sendai-6/94 virus were examined periodically for the presence of viral proteins and viral RNA over a span of 423 days. On postinfection Day 15 (PID 15) an acute infection was demonstrated by increased anti-6/94 antibody titers and expression of viral proteins. More than a year later, on PIDs 373 and 423, no viral antigens were detected. Rescue of infectious virus from the mouse brains was only observable for 74 days following cocultivation of the cells on PID 15. Later, no signs of viral persistence were found at the protein level. In a further experiment, the murine tissues and cell cultures were examined for the presence of viral RNA. Virus-specific cDNA was cloned in the bacteriophage lambda system and used as a highly specific hybridization probe. Surprisingly, 6/94 viral RNA was detectable lifelong in the brain tissue of infected mice although no proteins were expressed. Murine brain cells cocultivated on PID 15 still contained viral RNA after 245 days in culture, although the expression of viral proteins was measureable for only 80 days. The results indicate a stable latency of the 6/94 virus in cell cultures and in animals at the RNA level without detectable protein expression.

Animals↗